Adsorption of Reactive Red 158 Dye by Chemically Treated Cocos Nucifera L. Shell Powder


Book Description

The effective removal of dyes from aqueous waste is an important issue for many industrialized countries. The traditional treatment methods used to remove dyes from wastewater have certain disadvantages such as incomplete dye removal, high reagent and energy requirements, and the generation of toxic sludge or other waste products that require disposal. The search for alternative and innovative treatment techniques has focused attention on the use of biological materials for dye removal and recovery technologies. This brief summarizes the latest developments in this important field.




Biogas Production


Book Description

Biogas Production covers the most cutting-edge pretreatment processes being used and studied today for the production of biogas. As an increasingly important piece of the "energy pie," biogas and other biofuels are being used more and more around the world in every conceivable area of industry and could be a partial answer to the energy problem and the elimination of global warming. This book will highlight the recent advances in the pretreatment and value addition of lignocellulosic wastes (LCW) with the main focus on domestic and agro-industrial residues. Mechanical, physical, and biological treatment systems are brought into perspective. The main value-added products from lignocellulosic wastes are summarized in a manner that pinpoints the most recent trends and the future directions. Physico-chemical and biological treatment systems seem to be the most favored options while biofuels, biodegradable composites, and biosorbents production paint a bright picture of the current and future bio-based products. Engineered microbes seem to tackle the problem of bioconversion of substrates that are otherwise nonconvertible by conventional wild strains. Although the main challenge facing LCW utilization is the high costs involved in treatment and production processes, some recent affordable processes with promising results have been proposed. Future trends are being directed to nanobiotechnology and genetic engineering for improved processes and products.




The Chemical History of Color


Book Description

In this brief, Mary Virginia Orna details the history of color from the chemical point of view. Beginning with the first recorded uses of color and ending in the development of our modern chemical industry, this rich, yet concise exposition shows us how color pervades every aspect of our lives. Our consciousness, our perceptions, our useful appliances and tools, our playthings, our entertainment, our health, and our diagnostic apparatus – all involve color and are based in no small part on chemistry.




Activated Carbon Adsorption


Book Description

High surface area, a microporous structure, and a high degree of surface reactivity make activated carbons versatile adsorbents, particularly effective in the adsorption of organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous solutions. Activated Carbon Adsorption introduces the parameters and mechanisms involved in the activated carbon adsorption




Chemicals in the Food Industry


Book Description

This book addresses the use and management of chemicals in the food and beverage industry. The authors explore the use of chemicals as food additives and sanitizers, and provide an overview of their toxicological characterisation with regard to the employees who handle them, and to consumers. In addition, the authors pay special attention to the safe and reliable management of chemicals in the food production and packaging areas, and in quality control laboratories. Topics such as toxicological risks, the importance of labelling, technical and material safety data sheets, risk categories (e.g. fire, explosion, unforeseen chemical reactions, etc.), safe use of hazardous chemicals, prevention procedures, and emergency planning in laboratories and industrial areas are also covered. In closing, readers will learn more about the future behaviour of food-production workers regarding chemical handling and approved uses, especially in light of the recent REACH obligations. Given its scope, the book will appeal not only to researchers interested in food production, food safety, risk prevention and public health, but also to professionals involved in quality control and risk assessment in the food and beverage industry.




Cellulose


Book Description

Cellulose - Fundamental Aspects and Current Trends consists of 10 chapters written by international subject matter experts investigating the characteristics and current applications of this fascinating material. This book will help the reader to develop a deeper understanding about the concepts related to cellulose and the nanocellulose structure, modification, production, dissolution, and application. Biosynthesis mechanisms and medical applications of microbial cellulose are also discussed. This book will serve as the starting point for materials science researchers, engineers, and technologists from diverse backgrounds in physics, chemistry, biology, materials science, and engineering who want to know and better understand the unique characteristics of the most abundant biopolymer on earth.




Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes


Book Description

Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes: Current Trends and Future Perspectives covers in detail current trends and future aspects on photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes using novel photocatalytic techniques such as metallic nanoparticles, heterogeneous and hybrid systems using visible light irradiation. It highlights the most recent scientific and technological achievements and importance of degradation of dyes in the textile effluent by simple environmental friendly approaches using eco-friendly catalysts. It is of assistance to everyone interested in bioremediation of effluents: professionals, consulting engineers, academicians, and research scholars as well. - Describes the basic photocatalytic techniques and their application in wastewater treatment - Covers the key reactive species accounting for the photodegradation of different dyes, providing helpful guidelines that could be applied to foster the development of efficient photodegradation systems - Includes Description of a wide variety of catalysts and their application in degradation of dyes in the effluent of variable matrices (such as textile effluent, pharmaceutical industry effluent, food industry effluent) - Presents the application of doped semiconductors in the degradation of dyes, hybrid systems and their importance in the dye degradation - Describes the biological synthesis of metallic nanostructures and their use in dye degradation using visible range of light irradiation - Discusses the mechanistic aspect of the dye degradation using photo catalysts







Advances in Dye Removal Technologies


Book Description

This book describes the various advanced treatment methods for removal of multiple types of dyes from effluent stream. It pays particular attention to the economic aspects of treatment of textile waste-water. The different technologies illustrated in the book include adsorption, nanofiltration, advanced oxidation, micellar enhanced ultrafiltration, cloud-point extraction, and electrocoagulation. The book presents in-depth analyses of the removal mechanisms and performance optimization of the processes involved therein. This book will be useful to chemists, chemical engineers, environmental engineers, and health and pollution control professionals. The contents have been presented in a manner that they can be easily understood and applied by a wide variety of readers including researchers, students, and practicing engineers.




Batch Adsorption Process of Metals and Anions for Remediation of Contaminated Water


Book Description

Adsorption is one of the method that is in use for remediation of contaminated water. The experimental factors affecting the batch mode of adsorption of various metals and inorganic anions are discussed in this book. The elemental contaminants have been categorized into four major categories i.e. major toxic elements; essential elements having toxicity on excessive exposure; miscellaneous elements having undetermined effects; non-toxic elements having trivial or unidentified significance. In addition, anions like nitrate, perchlorate and sulphate as water contaminants are considered. This unique volume fills a niche in the area of water treatment. Key Features: Provides practitioners with the background they need to understand and apply batch adsorption processes to the purification of water Describes the actions of adsorption capacity or percentage removal with respect to factors affecting the adsorption process Excellent source of information for those working in the industry for remediation of metals and anions Discusses the current era of Anthropocene which is highly dependent on the anthropogenic mineral sources for its sustenance