Aminopyridines and Similarly Acting Drugs: Effects on Nerves, Muscles and Synapses


Book Description

Aminopyridines and Similarly Acting Drugs: Effects on Nerves, Muscles and Synapses presents the proceedings of a IUPHAR Satellite Symposium in conjunction with the eighth International Congress of Pharmacology held in Paris, France on July 27-29, 1981. The book contains papers on the effects of aminopyridines on ionic currents in excitable membranes; the effects of aminopyridines on synaptic transmission; and the effects of aminopyridines on the release of chemical transmitters. The text also presents papers on some differences in the blockade of potassium permeabilities by apamin and the aminopyridines; the miscellaneous actions of aminopyridines and related compounds; and the effects of aminopyridines on the skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. The clinical applications of aminopyridines and further miscellaneous actions of aminopyridines and related compounds are also considered.




New Neuromuscular Blocking Agents


Book Description

The problems associated with the pharmacologic and physiologic regulation of neuromuscular transmission and of the morphofunctional organization of neuromuscular junctions have attracted a wide range of investigators. Numerous handbooks, monographs, and reviews are devoted to this subject. At the same time, many fundamental and applied aspects of this trend continue to progress succesfully. In recent years, new experimental and clinical data on the structure and function of neuromuscular junctions have been gained, and new, more perfect neuromuscular blocking agents have been designed. It is these data that the present handbook mainly deals with. A considerable number of chapters have been written by authors from eastern Europe. This was done intentionally since much of their work has previously been published only in their own languages, and is thus inaccessible to most Western readers. This is why some of the data included in the volume are not quite the latest, but they contain fruitful ideas or important results and are of value for further progress in the pharmacology of neuromuscular transmission. Naturally, the methodological level of the investigations differs, depending on when they were carried out. The handbook contains a number of selected chapters on the pharmacology of neuromuscular junctions; they comprise data otherwise insufficiently reviewed or not dealt with at all. They furthermore reflect the up-to-date state of the problem and probable directions of further developments in this field. D. A. KHARKEVICH Contents CHAPTER 1 Neuromuscular Blocking Agents: General Considerations D. A. KHARKEVICH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .




Cockroaches as Models for Neurobiology: Applications in Biomedical Research


Book Description

This unique book is written with the novice in mind, providing an introduction to all aspects of working with cockroaches. The focus of this writing is on the neuroendocrine system of cockroaches, which was collected by entomologists, primarily with the aim of improving methods of insect pest control. It includes some chapters devoted exclusively to techniques with detailed instructions. This comprehensive work also covers details of anatomy along with illustrations and experimental results. This is one of the few books available which provides such a broad coverage of areas of neurobiology of one organism. This handbook is a must for all researchers in the biomedical/veterinary field. Entomologists will find this reading exciting as well.




Botulinum Neurotoxin and Tetanus Toxin


Book Description

Botulinum Neurotoxin and Tetanus Toxin covers the mechanism of action, pathogenesis, and treatment of clostridial neurotoxins. The book is organized into four parts encompassing 18 chapters that discuss the origin, structure, pharmacology, toxicology, immunology, assays, and clinical issues of botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins. The introductory part of the book discusses the discovery and production of neurotoxins in various strains of Clostridium bacteria. This text also describes how specific bacteriophages and plasmids mediate the pathogenicity of some types of Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium tetani. The subsequent part provides an overview of issues related to toxin binding, including toxins that may serve as models for botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins. Discussions on the peripheral and central aspects of poisoning transport in the central nervous system and on the antagonistic drugs for clostridial neurotoxins are provided. The third part of the book addresses the antibodies against botulinum neurotoxin. Bioassay in mice and highly sensitive immunoassays, such as reversed passive hemagglutination, reversed passive latex agglutination, radioimmunoassay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, are presented. The concluding part covers the animal models for these toxins and discusses the diagnosis and treatment of botulism and tetanus in human. The clinical use of Clostridium botulinum toxin type A in ocular and neuromuscular disease is also examined. This book will be of value to protein chemists, microbiologists, virologists, pharmacologists, immunologists, and clinicians.







Muscle Relaxants


Book Description

At the Fifth International Neuromuscular Meeting held in Tokyo in 1994, leading experts in the field came together to discuss the physiology and pharmacology of neuromuscular receptor sites and neuromuscular blocking agents (NBAs). The proceedings of the meeting present a review of the history of muscle relaxants and a comprehensive examination of recent research, with a primary focus on clinical considerations. Among the topics covered by specific chapters are aspects of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), pharmacokinetics, metabolism and metabolites of neuromuscular blocking agents, and drug interaction. Presenting the most up-to-date knowledge of the physiology and pharmacology of the NMJ and NBAs, this volume will be highly valuable to clinicians and researchers in anesthesiology, physiology, and pharmacology.




Current Catalog


Book Description

First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.




Cerebral Ischemia and Calcium


Book Description

Although many books deal with isolated problems of calcium disturbance in relation to cardiac and cerebral function, this is the first to focus specifically on calcium metabolism and cerebral ischemia. Internationally acknowledged experts present recent data and new concepts in an interdisciplinary approach to the subject. They examine basic information on the pathophysiology of cellular events, the damage caused by excitotoxic substances, and the effects of calcium antagonistic drugs as measured in experimental animals. These contributions may help lead to possible therapeutic interference for the prevention of calcium imbalance.







The sodium theory revisited


Book Description

The sodium theory revisited (45 years of a full time CNRS neurophysiologist). The sodium theory has been elegantly proposed by Hodkin, Huxley and Katz in the early fifties, after their experiments on Plymouth squids, to account for the role of sodium and potassium ions in nerve activity. Since then, the electrophysiological techniques and the data acquisition techniques have known an amazing development. In this short paper, Yves Pichon wants to give an account of what happened since then in different laboratories (mostly marine) with a variety invertebrate species and mostly insects. One of the most important technical development has been the use of single cockroach axons which have been found to behave very much like squid axons. Another, almost simultaneous development which revealed extremely useful for the understanding of the nerve function was "in situ" microelectrode recording which enables an indirect analysis of the extraaxonal environement. Experiments on several species indicate that the CNS is protected from the ionic environment by a blood-brain barrier. On the other hand, quite unexpectedly, little ion accumation is detected in the vicinity of the axonal membrane in physiological conditions. Another innovating technique was the 'patch-clamp' technique which enables the recording of the activity of individual ionic channels in cultured neurones. The last chapter of this report is devoted to different mechansims leading to repetitive activity through modificatrion of the sodium and potassium axonal conductances.