An Ionospheric Model for the Arctic


Book Description

A first order approximation model of the Arctic ionosphere is described, based on published observations and concepts. The model allows for modifications and additions whenever new information becomes available, and will eventually represent a true picture available in real time or even as forecast. The location of the phenomena is specified in corrected geomagnetic latitude and local time. Various input parameters are included whenever some of their influences are known, such as UT, seasons, sunspot number, magnetic variations. The Arctic ionospheric features are specified as 'quasi-instant' deviations from routine predictions whereby the devitations represent probabilities of occurrence during periods that may range from 20 min to 3 hr. The following ionospheric features are more or less covered: auroral E (or night-E), auroral Es (or Esr), HF absorption, Arctic F. Necessary improvements to the model are indicated, including the inclusion of storm-time of individual substorms and the requirement that routine observations be maintained in the midnight sector of the auroral oval. (Author).




Arctic Ionosphere Modelling


Book Description

;Contents: Instantaneous versus averaged ionosphere; Modelling the auroral E-layer; Model of arctic sporadic E; Modelling the arctic F-layer; Coordinate conversion and other computer programs for arctic ionospheric research.




Arctic Ionosphere Modelling


Book Description




An Ionospheric Model for the Arctic


Book Description

A first order approximation model of the Arctic ionosphere is described, based on published observations and concepts. The model allows for modifications and additions whenever new information becomes available, and will eventually represent a true picture available in real time or even as forecast. The location of the phenomena is specified in corrected geomagnetic latitude and local time. Various input parameters are included whenever some of their influences are known, such as UT, seasons, sunspot number, magnetic variations. The Arctic ionospheric features are specified as 'quasi-instant' deviations from routine predictions whereby the devitations represent probabilities of occurrence during periods that may range from 20 min to 3 hr. The following ionospheric features are more or less covered: auroral E (or night-E), auroral Es (or Esr), HF absorption, Arctic F. Necessary improvements to the model are indicated, including the inclusion of storm-time of individual substorms and the requirement that routine observations be maintained in the midnight sector of the auroral oval. (Author)




An Empirical Model of the Polar Ionosphere


Book Description

Four separate articles are collected which deal with the construction of empirical models of the polar ionosphere. The particular emphasis in these articles is towards the radio propagation application of the models. Numerical models of the vertical electron density profiles on the topside and bottomside of the F-region are developed, and a model for sporadic-E is included. Special attention is devoted to features which are characteristic of the polar ionosphere-auroral effects, the trough, and magnetospheric cleft regions. The models are constructed specifically for convenience in computer programming, and in fact, all aspects of the models contained in this report are available in the form of Fortran computer programs. (Author).




Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere


Book Description

Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 201. Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System brings together for the first time a detailed description of the physics of the IT system in conjunction with numerical techniques to solve the complex system of equations that describe the system, as well as issues of current interest. Volume highlights include discussions of: Physics of the ionosphere and thermosphere IT system, and the numerical methods to solve the basic equations of the IT system The physics and numerical methods to determine the global electrodynamics of the IT system The response of the IT system to forcings from below (i.e., the lower atmosphere) and from above (i.e., the magnetosphere) The physics and numerical methods to model ionospheric irregularities Data assimilation techniques, comparison of model results to data, climate variability studies, and applications to space weather Providing a clear description of the physics of this system in several tutorial-like articles, Modeling the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System is of value to the upper atmosphere science community in general. Chapters describing details of the numerical methods used to solve the equations that describe the IT system make the volume useful to both active researchers in the field and students.




Ionospheric Modeling


Book Description




Analog Model 1972 of the Arctic Ionosphere


Book Description

The report supplements earlier attempts at modelling. Its elements are the result of a group effort, which is continuing. The arctic ionosphere and its dynamics are described as a fairly self-consistent empirical quasi-instantaneous model, adaptable to later improvements. The definitions are in analog form using model, adaptable to later improvements. The definitions are in analog form using tables, graphs, and analytical formulas. The model parameters controlling the arctic ionosphere are substorm time and intensity and oval number Q. Emphasis is given as to how those parameters may be obtained in near-real-time. For this purpose, two superimposed coordinate systems and two reference latitudes are introduced. The model assumes absence of sunlight; it provides rules for adding the sunlit contribution and for matching the arctic model to the moderate-latitude ionosphere. (Author)




Analog Model 1972 of the Arctic Ionosphere


Book Description

The report supplements earlier attempts at modelling. Its elements are the result of a group effort, which is continuing. The arctic ionosphere and its dynamics are described as a fairly self-consistent empirical quasi-instantaneous model, adaptable to later improvements. The definitions are in analog form using model, adaptable to later improvements. The definitions are in analog form using tables, graphs, and analytical formulas. The model parameters controlling the arctic ionosphere are substorm time and intensity and oval number Q. Emphasis is given as to how those parameters may be obtained in near-real-time. For this purpose, two superimposed coordinate systems and two reference latitudes are introduced. The model assumes absence of sunlight; it provides rules for adding the sunlit contribution and for matching the arctic model to the moderate-latitude ionosphere. (Author).




Analog Model 1972 of the Arctic Ionosphere


Book Description

The report supplements earlier attempts at modelling. Its elements are the result of a group effort, which is continuing. The arctic ionosphere and its dynamics are described as a fairly self-consistent empirical quasi-instantaneous model, adaptable to later improvements. The definitions are in analog form using model, adaptable to later improvements. The definitions are in analog form using tables, graphs, and analytical formulas. The model parameters controlling the arctic ionosphere are substorm time and intensity and oval number Q. Emphasis is given as to how those parameters may be obtained in near-real-time. For this purpose, two superimposed coordinate systems and two reference latitudes are introduced. The model assumes absence of sunlight; it provides rules for adding the sunlit contribution and for matching the arctic model to the moderate-latitude ionosphere. (Author).