Author : Olli Tenovuo
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 29,71 MB
Release : 2021-05-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 2889667545
Olli Tenovuo is consultant and member of SAB for NeuroTrauma Sciences LLC (Georgia, USA) and ABCDx SA (Geneva, Switzerland). Jean-Charles Sanchez has a research grant to disclose from ABCDx SA, (Geneva, Switzerland). Damir Janigro is the CEO of FloTBI Inc. (Cleveland, USA), a company interested in biomarkers of neurological diseases.
Author : Svetlana Dambinova
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 50,47 MB
Release : 2012
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1849733899
Due to injuries sustained in sports and in combat, interest in traumatic brain injury (TBI) has never been greater. This book will fulfill a gap in understanding of what is occurring in the brain following injury that can subsequently be detected in biological fluids and imaging.
Author : Daniel Laskowitz
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 11,87 MB
Release : 2016-04-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1498766579
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a significant source of death and permanent disability, contributing to nearly one-third of all injury related deaths in the United States and exacting a profound personal and economic toll. Despite the increased resources that have recently been brought to bear to improve our understanding of TBI, the developme
Author : Firas H. Kobeissy
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 718 pages
File Size : 18,15 MB
Release : 2015-02-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1466565993
With the contribution from more than one hundred CNS neurotrauma experts, this book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account on the latest developments in the area of neurotrauma including biomarker studies, experimental models, diagnostic methods, and neurotherapeutic intervention strategies in brain injury research. It discusses neurotrauma mechanisms, biomarker discovery, and neurocognitive and neurobehavioral deficits. Also included are medical interventions and recent neurotherapeutics used in the area of brain injury that have been translated to the area of rehabilitation research. In addition, a section is devoted to models of milder CNS injury, including sports injuries.
Author : Alan H.B. Wu
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 488 pages
File Size : 17,96 MB
Release : 2020-07-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0128167300
Biomarkers for Traumatic Brain Injury provides a comprehensive overview on the selection and implementation of serum-based and saliva-based biomarkers for traumatic brain injury. The book presents an economic analysis for implementing TBI biomarkers into clinical practice. In addition, it discusses the analytical tools needed to implement TBI biomarkers, including specifications for testing instruments and interpretative software. Neurologists, emergency department physicians, intensivists, and clinical laboratorians will find this book a great resource from which to familiarize themselves with the issues and processes regarding TBI biomarkers. Approximately 2 million people in the U.S. sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI) each year with over 250,000 hospitalizations and 50,000 deaths. There has been a significant rise in interest in diagnosing mild concussions, particularly in the sports world. While imaging has been the gold standard, these procedures are costly and not always available. There is great potential in using serum-based biomarkers, hence the book seeks to enlighten readers on new possibilities. Offers strategies for the selection and implementation of traumatic brain injury biomarkers Discusses the importance of autoantibodies and post translational modifications for TBI Covers the analytical tools needed to implement TBI biomarkers, including the specifications for testing instruments and interpretative software
Author : Stefania Mondello
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 45,83 MB
Release : 2015-02-25
Category : Biochemical markers
ISBN : 2889193918
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability and one of the greatest unmet needs in medicine and public health. TBI not only has devastating effects on patients and their relatives but results in huge direct and indirect costs to society. Although guidelines for the management of patients have been developed and more than 200 clinical trials have been conducted, they have resulted in few improvements in clinical outcomes and no effective therapies approved for TBI. It is now apparent that the heterogeneity of clinical TBI is underlain by molecular phenotypes more complex and interactive than initially conceived and current approaches to the characterization, management and outcome prediction of TBI are antiquated, unidimensional and inadequate to capture the interindividual pathophysiological heterogeneity. Recent advances in proteomics and biomarker development provide unparalleled opportunities for unraveling substantial injury-specific and patient-specific variability and refining disease characterization. The identification of novel, sensitive, objective tools, referred to as biomarkers, can revolutionize pathophysiological insights, enable targeted therapies and personalized approaches to clinical management. In this Research Topic, we present novel approaches that provide an infrastructure for discovery and validation of new biomarkers of acute brain injury. These techniques include refined mass spectrometry technology and high throughput immunoblot techniques. Output from these approaches can identify potential candidate biomarkers employing systems biology and data mining methods. In this Research Topic, we present novel approaches that provide an infrastructure for discovery and validation of new biomarkers of acute brain injury. These techniques include refined mass spectrometry technology and high throughput immunoblot techniques. Output from these approaches can identify potential candidate biomarkers employing systems biology and data mining methods. Finally, suggestions are provided for the way forward, with an emphasis on need for a multidimensional approach that integrate a panel of pathobiologically diverse biomarkers with clinical variables and imaging-based assessments to improve diagnosis and classification of TBI and to develop best clinical practice guidelines.
Author : Kevin K. W. Wang
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 29,17 MB
Release : 2014-10-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1482239825
This book explores the recent advances in the techniques and platforms used in biomarker research that have revolutionized the way we study, diagnose, and treat brain injury conditions. The contributors describe different biomarker studies pertaining to brain injury and other neurological disorders and analyze the different models and technologies used to identify these biological markers. The book includes findings from "Omics research" that have been utilized to decipher and identify such biomarkers. It discusses protein, microRNA, and altered gene profiles and reviews neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, and prion and Alzheimer’s disease.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 42,77 MB
Release : 2014-02-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309288037
In the past decade, few subjects at the intersection of medicine and sports have generated as much public interest as sports-related concussions - especially among youth. Despite growing awareness of sports-related concussions and campaigns to educate athletes, coaches, physicians, and parents of young athletes about concussion recognition and management, confusion and controversy persist in many areas. Currently, diagnosis is based primarily on the symptoms reported by the individual rather than on objective diagnostic markers, and there is little empirical evidence for the optimal degree and duration of physical rest needed to promote recovery or the best timing and approach for returning to full physical activity. Sports-Related Concussions in Youth: Improving the Science, Changing the Culture reviews the science of sports-related concussions in youth from elementary school through young adulthood, as well as in military personnel and their dependents. This report recommends actions that can be taken by a range of audiences - including research funding agencies, legislatures, state and school superintendents and athletic directors, military organizations, and equipment manufacturers, as well as youth who participate in sports and their parents - to improve what is known about concussions and to reduce their occurrence. Sports-Related Concussions in Youth finds that while some studies provide useful information, much remains unknown about the extent of concussions in youth; how to diagnose, manage, and prevent concussions; and the short- and long-term consequences of concussions as well as repetitive head impacts that do not result in concussion symptoms. The culture of sports negatively influences athletes' self-reporting of concussion symptoms and their adherence to return-to-play guidance. Athletes, their teammates, and, in some cases, coaches and parents may not fully appreciate the health threats posed by concussions. Similarly, military recruits are immersed in a culture that includes devotion to duty and service before self, and the critical nature of concussions may often go unheeded. According to Sports-Related Concussions in Youth, if the youth sports community can adopt the belief that concussions are serious injuries and emphasize care for players with concussions until they are fully recovered, then the culture in which these athletes perform and compete will become much safer. Improving understanding of the extent, causes, effects, and prevention of sports-related concussions is vitally important for the health and well-being of youth athletes. The findings and recommendations in this report set a direction for research to reach this goal.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 211 pages
File Size : 44,70 MB
Release : 2019-05-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309486890
The Veterans Benefits Administration (VBA) provides disability compensation to veterans with a service-connected injury, and to receive disability compensation from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), a veteran must submit a claim or have a claim submitted on his or her behalf. Evaluation of the Disability Determination Process for Traumatic Brain Injury in Veterans reviews the process by which the VA assesses impairments resulting from traumatic brain injury for purposes of awarding disability compensation. This report also provides recommendations for legislative or administrative action for improving the adjudication of veterans' claims seeking entitlement to compensation for all impairments arising from a traumatic brain injury.
Author : Alex P. Di Battista
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 18,88 MB
Release : 2017
Category :
ISBN :
INTRODUCTION. Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a global health concern. Spanning mild cognitive disturbances to unsurvivable trauma, the clinical challenges of TBI range from acute life-saving predicaments to the management of chronic cognitive impairment. While the primary insult leading to injury is irreversible, the subsequent secondary manifestations are seemingly amenable to intervention. Yet, no effective therapies exist across the spectrum of brain injury, primarily owing to our inability to understand the multifaceted, complex, secondary manifestations that occur after the primary insult. While experimental animal research has been informative in this regard, our knowledge of these processes in humans is lacking. However, a growing body of evidence suggests blood biomarker analysis may be a useful tool to aid in the elucidation of important pathophysiological mechanisms across a range of severities in human TBI. OBJECTIVE. The aim of this thesis was to use blood biomarkers as a tool to advance knowledge of secondary injury processes across the severity spectrum of TBI. METHODS. To investigate moderate-to-severe injury, we evaluated patients over the first 24 h from hospital admission after isolated TBI. To investigate mild injury, we studied varsity athletes with a clinically diagnosed sport-related concussion (SRC), sampled from the subacute period throughout clinical recovery, and chronically up to years after injury. Using multiplex immunoassay techniques, we evaluated a total of 58 blood biomarkers associated with numerous previously defined secondary injury processes, including central nervous system (CNS) injury, sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, inflammation, vascular injury and hemostasis. RESULTS. In moderate-to-severe TBI, we found significant, dynamic pathological associations between SNS hyperactivity, inflammation, hemostasis, and vascular injury. In SRC, we found subacute alterations to numerous peripheral indices of CNS injury, inflammation and neuroinjury that persisted at medical clearance, as well as in ostensibly healthy athletes exposed to repetitive head impacts. CONCLUSION. Blood biomarkers are a useful tool to evaluate secondary injury processes across the spectrum of TBI. The results from these works necessitate future investigations into: (1) the potential therapeutic benefit of Î ̨-blockers acutely after moderate-to-severe injury, and (2) the interrelationships between chronic inflammation and CNS injury after SRC, and their potential involvement in neurodegeneration.
