Cellular Respiration


Book Description

What happens to a meal after it is eaten? Food consists primarily of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates (sugars). How do cells in the body process food once it is eaten and turned it into a form of energy that other cells can use? This book examines some of the classic experimental data that revealed how cells break down food to extract the energy. Metabolism of food is regulated so that energy extraction increases when needed and slows down when not needed. This type of self-regulation is all part of the complex web of enzymes that convert food into energy. Adding to this complexity is that all food eventually winds up as two carbon bits that are all processed the same way. This book will also reveal why animals breathe oxygen and how that relates to the end of the energy extraction process and oxygen’s only role in the body. Rather than look at all the details, this book takes a wider view and shows how cellular respiration is self-regulating.




Biology for AP ® Courses


Book Description

Biology for AP® courses covers the scope and sequence requirements of a typical two-semester Advanced Placement® biology course. The text provides comprehensive coverage of foundational research and core biology concepts through an evolutionary lens. Biology for AP® Courses was designed to meet and exceed the requirements of the College Board’s AP® Biology framework while allowing significant flexibility for instructors. Each section of the book includes an introduction based on the AP® curriculum and includes rich features that engage students in scientific practice and AP® test preparation; it also highlights careers and research opportunities in biological sciences.










Plant Respiration


Book Description

Respiration in plants, as in all living organisms, is essential to provide metabolic energy and carbon skeletons for growth and maintenance. As such, respiration is an essential component of a plant’s carbon budget. Depending on species and environmental conditions, it consumes 25-75% of all the carbohydrates produced in photosynthesis – even more at extremely slow growth rates. Respiration in plants can also proceed in a manner that produces neither metabolic energy nor carbon skeletons, but heat. This type of respiration involves the cyanide-resistant, alternative oxidase; it is unique to plants, and resides in the mitochondria. The activity of this alternative pathway can be measured based on a difference in fractionation of oxygen isotopes between the cytochrome and the alternative oxidase. Heat production is important in some flowers to attract pollinators; however, the alternative oxidase also plays a major role in leaves and roots of most plants. A common thread throughout this volume is to link respiration, including alternative oxidase activity, to plant functioning in different environments.




Principles of Biology


Book Description

The Principles of Biology sequence (BI 211, 212 and 213) introduces biology as a scientific discipline for students planning to major in biology and other science disciplines. Laboratories and classroom activities introduce techniques used to study biological processes and provide opportunities for students to develop their ability to conduct research.




Inanimate Life


Book Description




Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation, Second Edition


Book Description

This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.




Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Edition


Book Description

NOTE: This edition features the same content as the traditional text in a convenient, three-hole-punched, loose-leaf version. Books a la Carte also offer a great value--this format costs significantly less than a new textbook. The Eleventh Edition of the best-selling text Campbell BIOLOGY sets you on the path to success in biology through its clear and engaging narrative, superior skills instruction, and innovative use of art, photos, and fully integrated media resources to enhance teaching and learning. To engage you in developing a deeper understanding of biology, the Eleventh Edition challenges you to apply knowledge and skills to a variety of NEW! hands-on activities and exercises in the text and online. NEW! Problem-Solving Exercises challenge you to apply scientific skills and interpret data in the context of solving a real-world problem. NEW! Visualizing Figures and Visual Skills Questions provide practice interpreting and creating visual representations in biology. NEW! Content updates throughout the text reflect rapidly evolving research in the fields of genomics, gene editing technology (CRISPR), microbiomes, the impacts of climate change across the biological hierarchy, and more. Significant revisions have been made to Unit 8, Ecology, including a deeper integration of evolutionary principles. NEW! A virtual layer to the print text incorporates media references into the printed text to direct you towards content in the Study Area and eText that will help you prepare for class and succeed in exams--Videos, Animations, Get Ready for This Chapter, Figure Walkthroughs, Vocabulary Self-Quizzes, Practice Tests, MP3 Tutors, and Interviews. (Coming summer 2017). NEW! QR codes and URLs within the Chapter Review provide easy access to Vocabulary Self-Quizzes and Practice Tests for each chapter that can be used on smartphones, tablets, and computers.




Microbiology


Book Description

"Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology's art program enhances students' understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs. Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology."--BC Campus website.