Comparative Studies in Continental and Anglo-American Legal History


Book Description

The Civilian Writers of Doctors' Commons, London : Three Centuries of Juristic Innovation in Comparative, Commercial and International Law.










History of the Common Law


Book Description

This introductory text explores the historical origins of the main legal institutions that came to characterize the Anglo-American legal tradition, and to distinguish it from European legal systems. The book contains both text and extracts from historical sources and literature. The book is published in color, and contains over 250 illustrations, many in color, including medieval illuminated manuscripts, paintings, books and manuscripts, caricatures, and photographs.




Negligence


Book Description

Der Autor zielt auf eine dynamische Vergleichung der Probleme auf dem Gebiet des Rechts der unerlaubten Handlung, die sich in der Geschichte auf der einen Seite auf dem Kontinent Westeuropas, auf der anderen Seite im Bereich des common law dargeboten haben. Das allgemeine Konzept der unerlaubten Handlung als solche ist, soweit es den Kontinent anbelangt, eine Schöpfung des mittelalterlichen, namentlich des kanonischen Rechts. Auf der anderen Seite des Kanals geht die unerlaubte Handlung, die man als negligence anzudeuten pflegt, hauptsächlich auf das 19. Jahrhundert zurück, obwohl deren Wurzeln sich schon beträchtlich früher auffinden lassen. In beiden Rechtskreisen handelt es sich um eine Generalisierung schon seit Alters her bestehender Konzepte, die mit der Formulierung der alten Klagen geradewegs in Verbindung stehen. Dieser Prozeß der Generalisierung hat sich aber nicht unbehindert vollzogen. Gerade die Hürden und Schwierigkeiten auf dem Wege zur Generalisierung der alten Klagen und Konzepte bilden das zentrale Thema dieses Buches. Sie werden von voranstehenden Rechtshistorikern aus dem Bereich des deutschen, englischen, französischen, niederländischen und schottischen Rechts erläutert. Der Herausgeber, der schon früher in dieser Reihe einen Band über ungerechtfertigte Bereicherung veröffentlicht hat, ist für die Einführung aus rechtsvergleichender Sicht verantwortlich.




Ratio Decidendi


Book Description

Ratio decidendi is a technical legal term of art in Anglo-American jurisprudence, a concept opposed to the idea of obiter dictum. Ratio decidendi is the reason of the judge in coming to a judicial decision in a lawsuit presented to the court by the litigants for an official decision. Obiter dictum is whatever else a judge might say in passing. This concept of ratio decidendi operated very differently in the different nations of Western Europe and their former colonies at different periods of early-modern history as is demonstrated in the first volume (25/1) which was published in 2006.The second volume focuses on a specific aspect of ratio decidendi: the use by the courts of foreign law as the basis of their decisions when appropriate to the issues to be decided in a particular case brought to them by the litigants. The term foreign law refers to law that is not part of the law binding upon the court, in other words law outside the court's system of jurisprudence. Thus, one must consider what is domestic law in order to discern what is foreign to, or outside of, it. These comparative essays thus center on what law is foreign in various continental and Anglo-American legal systems from the Middle Ages until the 20th century and how it supports legal arguments and decisions.




Roman and Civil Law and the Development of Anglo-American Jurisprudence in the Nineteenth Century


Book Description

Seeking to fill a gap in our knowledge of the legal history of the nineteenth century, this volume studies the influence of Roman and civil law upon the development of common law jurisdictions in the United States and in Great Britain. M. H. Hoeflich examines the writings of a variety of prominent Anglo-American legal theorists to show how Roman and civil law helped common law thinkers develop their own theories. Intellectual leaders in law in the United States and Great Britain used Roman and civil law in different ways at different times. The views of these lawyers were greatly respected even by nonlawyers, and most of them wrote to influence a wider public. By filling in the gaps in the history of jurisprudence, this volume also provides greater understanding of the development of Anglo-American culture and society.




From Lex Mercatoria to Commercial Law


Book Description

The argument of lex mercatoria - because of its important implications mainly in the international and commercial field of great interest to the jurist of civil law - is also fundamental to the historian of law. In fact, it can be considered both as a witness of new commercial legal institutions risen from the practice of affairs and defined by an international juridical science, and as a moment of crisis of the consolidated system since the first codes of the juridical sources. The authors of the articles collected in the present volume are historians of law of different cultural background and provenience. The publication at issue was conceived as an almost obligatory intervention in a debate which rather scantily considers epistemology as well as disciplinary boundaries.Each single study highlights a different aspect of the lex mercatoria and its relationship to the ius commune, studying both under different perspectives. The authors explore well-founded historical evidence across a broad chronological period from the Middle Ages until the nineteenth century, acrossing institutional settings differing both politically and operationally.The historical problem of the lex mercatoria is mainly dealt with from the point of view of the sources. The volume collects general studies in relation to the problem of the existence of the lex mercatoria and more specific items - many of them dedicated to the maritime law. Thus different keys of interpretation are given concerning the development of the European commercial law.




The History of Legal Education in the United States


Book Description

An invaluable and fascinating resource, this carefully edited anthology presents recent writings by leading legal historians, many commissioned for this book, along with a wealth of related primary sources by John Adams, James Barr Ames, Thomas Jefferson, Christopher C. Langdell, Karl N. Llewellyn, Roscoe Pound, Tapping Reeve, Theodore Roosevelt, Joseph Story, John Henry Wigmore and other distinguished contributors to American law. It is divided into nine sections: Teaching Books and Methods in the Lecture Hall, Examinations and Evaluations, Skills Courses, Students, Faculty, Scholarship, Deans and Administration, Accreditation and Association, and Technology and the Future. Contributors to this volume include Morris Cohen, Daniel R. Coquillette, Michael Hoeflich, John H. Langbein, William P. LaPiana and Fred R. Shapiro. Steve Sheppard is the William Enfield Professor of Law, University of Arkansas School of Law.







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