Compendium of Unimplemented EPA Recommendations as of March 31 2009


Book Description

This is the semi-annual Compendium of Unimplemented Recommendations as of March 31, 2009, prepared by the Office of Inspector General (OIG) of the EPA. The unimplemented recommendations listed in this Compendium were selected by criteria of significance and being identified as unimplemented in EPA¿s Management Audit Tracking System or, in some cases, through review by the OIG. Exclusion from the Compendium does not indicate the OIG¿s validation that a recommendation has been completed. However, it is a goal of the OIG, through other reviews, to verify the reported completeness of as many significant recommendations as possible.







Inspector General (OIG): Semiannual Report to Congress


Book Description

This report summarizes the work of the OIG of the U.S. Justice Dept. (DoJ). During this period, the OIG conducted a broad range of audits, inspections, investigations, and special reports that focus on the management challenges facing the DoJ. Reviews: DoJ¿s efforts in the area of counterterrorism; Effectiveness of Dept. controls in balancing the need to protect civil rights and civil liberties while the Dept. pursues its counterterrorism and law enforcement responsibilities; A review of Operation Gunrunner, DoJ¿s effort to combat firearms trafficking into Mexico; OIG¿s Investigations Div., which handles allegations of criminal and admin. misconduct relating to DoJ programs, employees, and contractors. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand report.




Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government


Book Description

Policymakers and program managers are continually seeking ways to improve accountability in achieving an entity's mission. A key factor in improving accountability in achieving an entity's mission is to implement an effective internal control system. An effective internal control system helps an entity adapt to shifting environments, evolving demands, changing risks, and new priorities. As programs change and entities strive to improve operational processes and implement new technology, management continually evaluates its internal control system so that it is effective and updated when necessary. Section 3512 (c) and (d) of Title 31 of the United States Code (commonly known as the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA)) requires the Comptroller General to issue standards for internal control in the federal government.







Ecological Risk Assessment


Book Description

Recently, environmental scientists have been required to perform a new type of assessment-ecological risk assessment. This is the first book that explains how to perform ecological risk assessments and gives assessors access to the full range of useful data, models, and conceptual approaches they need to perform an accurate assessment. It explains how ecological risk assessment relates to more familiar types of assessments. It also shows how to organize and conduct an ecological risk assessment, including defining the source, selecting endpoints, describing the relevant features of the receiving environment, estimating exposure, estimating effects, characterizing the risks, and interacting with the risk manager. Specific technical topics include finding and selecting toxicity data; statistical and mathematical models of effects on organisms, populations, and ecosystems; estimation of chemical fate parameters; modeling of chemical transport and fate; estimation of chemical uptake by organisms; and estimation, propagation, and presentation of uncertainty. Ecological Risk Assessment also covers conventional risk assessments, risk assessments for existing contamination, large scale problems, exotic organisms, and risk assessments based on environmental monitoring. Environmental assessors at regulatory agencies, consulting firms, industry, and government labs need this book for its approaches and methods for ecological risk assessment. Professors in ecology and other environmental sciences will find the book's practical preparation useful for classroom instruction. Environmental toxicologists and chemists will appreciate the discussion of the utility for risk assessment of particular toxicity tests and chemical determinations.




Eco2 Cities


Book Description

This book is a point of departure for cities that would like to reap the many benefits of ecological and economic sustainability. It provides an analytical and operational framework that offers strategic guidance to cities on sustainable and integrated urban development.




Sediment Dredging at Superfund Megasites


Book Description

Some of the nation's estuaries, lakes and other water bodies contain contaminated sediments that can adversely affect fish and wildlife and may then find their way into people's diets. Dredging is one of the few options available for attempting to clean up contaminated sediments, but it can uncover and re-suspend buried contaminants, creating additional exposures for wildlife and people. At the request of Congress, EPA asked the National Research Council (NRC) to evaluate dredging as a cleanup technique. The book finds that, based on a review of available evidence, dredging's ability to decrease environmental and health risks is still an open question. Analysis of pre-dredging and post-dredging at about 20 sites found a wide range of outcomes in terms of surface sediment concentrations of contaminants: some sites showed increases, some no change, and some decreases in concentrations. Evaluating the potential long-term benefits of dredging will require that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency step up monitoring activities before, during and after individual cleanups to determine whether it is working there and what combinations of techniques are most effective.