Computational Characterisation of Gold Nanocluster Structures


Book Description

In this thesis, Andrew Logsdail demonstrates that computational chemistry is a powerful tool in contemporary nanoscience, complementing experimental observations and helping guide future experiments. The aim of this particular PhD is to further our understanding of structural and compositional preferences in gold nanoparticles, as well as the compositional and chemical ordering preferences in bimetallic nanoalloys formed with other noble metals, such as palladium and platinum. Highlights include: calculations of the structural preferences and optical-response of gold nanoparticles and gold-containing nanoalloys; the design and implementation of novel numerical algorithms for the structural characterisation of gold nanoparticles from electron microscopy images; and electronic structure calculations investigating the interaction of gold nanoparticles with graphene and graphite substrates.The results presented here have significant implications for future research on the chemical and physical properties of gold-based nanoparticles and are of interest to many researchers working on experimental and theoretical aspects of nanoscience.







Gold Clusters, Colloids and Nanoparticles I


Book Description

The series Structure and Bonding publishes critical reviews on topics of research concerned with chemical structure and bonding. The scope of the series spans the entire Periodic Table and addresses structure and bonding issues associated with all of the elements. It also focuses attention on new and developing areas of modern structural and theoretical chemistry such as nanostructures, molecular electronics, designed molecular solids, surfaces, metal clusters and supramolecular structures. Physical and spectroscopic techniques used to determine, examine and model structures fall within the purview of Structure and Bonding to the extent that the focus is on the scientific results obtained and not on specialist information concerning the techniques themselves. Issues associated with the development of bonding models and generalizations that illuminate the reactivity pathways and rates of chemical processes are also relevant. The individual volumes in the series are thematic. The goal of each volume is to give the reader, whether at a university or in industry, a comprehensive overview of an area where new insights are emerging that are of interest to a larger scientific audience. Thus each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years should be presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. A description of the physical basis of the experimental techniques that have been used to provide the primary data may also be appropriate, if it has not been covered in detail elsewhere. The coverage need not be exhaustive in data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the new principles being developed that will allow the reader, who is not a specialist in the area covered, to understand the data presented. Discussion of possible future research directions in the area is welcomed. Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Readership: research scientists at universities or in industry, graduate students Special offer For all customers who have a standing order to the print version of Structure and Bonding, we offer free access to the electronic volumes of the Series published in the current year via SpringerLink.




Atomically Precise Nanochemistry


Book Description

Explore recent progress and developments in atomically precise nanochemistry Chemists have long been motivated to create atomically precise nanoclusters, not only for addressing some fundamental issues that were not possible to tackle with imprecise nanoparticles, but also to provide new opportunities for applications such as catalysis, optics, and biomedicine. In Atomically Precise Nanochemistry, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a state-of-the-art reference for researchers and industry professionals working in the fields of nanoscience and cluster science, in disciplines ranging from chemistry to physics, biology, materials science, and engineering. A variety of different nanoclusters are covered, including metal nanoclusters, semiconductor nanoclusters, metal-oxo systems, large-sized organometallic nano-architectures, carbon clusters, and supramolecular architectures. The book contains not only experimental contributions, but also theoretical insights into the atomic and electronic structures, as well as the catalytic mechanisms. The authors explore synthesis, structure, geometry, bonding, and applications of each type of nanocluster. Perfect for researchers working in nanoscience, nanotechnology, and materials chemistry, Atomically Precise Nanochemistry will also benefit industry professionals in these sectors seeking a practical and up-to-date resource.




Structure and Properties of Atomic Nanoclusters


Book Description

Atomic clusters are aggregates of atoms containing a few to several thousand atoms. Due to the small size of these pieces of matter, the properties of atomic clusters in general are different from those of the corresponding material in the macroscopic bulk phase. This monograph presents the main developments of atomic clusters and the current status of the field. The book treats different types of clusters with very different properties: clusters in which the atoms or molecules are tied by weak van der Waals interactions, metallic clusters, clusters of ionic materials, and network clusters made of typical covalent elements. It includes methods of experimental cluster synthesis as well as the structural, electronic, thermodynamic and magnetic properties of clusters, covering both experiments and the theoretical work that has led to our present understanding of the different properties of clusters. The question of assembling nanoclusters to form solids with new properties is also considered. Having an adequate knowledge of the properties of clusters can be of great help to any scientist working with objects of nanometric size. On the other hand, nanoclusters are themselves potentially important in fields like catalysis and nanomedicine.




Protected Metal Clusters: From Fundamentals to Applications


Book Description

Protected Metal Clusters: From Fundamentals to Applications surveys the fundamental concepts and potential applications of atomically precise metal clusters protected by organic ligands. As this class of materials is now emerging as a result of breakthroughs in synthesis and characterization that have taken place over the last few years, the book provides the first reference with a focus on these exciting novel nanomaterials, explaining their formation, and how, and why, they play an important role in the future of molecular electronics, catalysis, sensing, biological imaging, and medical diagnosis and therapy. - Surveys the fundamental concepts and potential applications of atomically precise metal clusters protected by organic ligands. - Provides well-organized, tutorial style chapters that are ideal for teaching and self-study - In-depth descriptions by top scientists in the field - Presents the state-of-the art of protected metal clusters and their future prospects




Structure and Properties of Nanoalloys


Book Description

Structure and Properties of Nanoalloys is devoted to the topic of alloy nanoparticles, the bi-or multicomponent metallic nanoparticles that are often called nanoalloys. The interest in nanoalloys stems from the wide spectrum of their possible applications in the fields of catalysis, magnetism, and optics. Nanoalloys are also interesting from a basic science point-of-view due to the complexity of their structures and properties. Nanoalloys are presently a very lively research area, with impressive developments in the last ten years. This book meets the need to systematize the wealth of experimental and computational results generated over the last decade. - Provides a well-organized, coherent overall structure, with a tutorial style format ideal for teaching and self-study - In-depth and fluent descriptions by a single leading academic - Presents a wealth of experimental and computational results generated over the last decade




Micro Nano Devices, Structure and Computing Systems II


Book Description

Selected, peer reviewed papers from the 2013 2nd International Conference on Micro Nano Devices, Structure and Computing Systems (MNDSCS 2013), January 23-24, 2013, Shenzhen, China




Cavitation


Book Description

As nanomaterials and their end products occupy the pinnacle position of consumer markets, it becomes vital to analyze their generation processes. One of the green chemistry principles underlines the need for unusual energy sources to generate them. Utilizing the extreme energy from the collapse of cavitation bubbles, generated by either ultrasound or hydrodynamic forces, for the generation of nanomaterials is a merit to consider in this "Green Chemical Processing Era." A wide range of nanomaterials have been developed in the past decade using cavitation or coupling cavitation with other techniques such as microwave, photochemistry, and electrochemistry, resulting in nanomaterials with unique morphologies, reduced size, narrow size distribution, and innumerous advantages. While a few currently available books deal with the fundamental aspects of cavitation and sonochemistry, this book is devoted specifically to the technologically important nanomaterials obtained by cavitation.




Gold Nanoparticles For Physics, Chemistry And Biology (Second Edition)


Book Description

Gold Nanoparticles for Physics, Chemistry and Biology offers an overview of recent research into gold nanoparticles, covering their discovery, usage and contemporary practical applications.This Second Edition begins with a history of over 2000 years of the use of gold nanoparticles, with a review of the specific properties which make gold unique. Updated chapters include gold nanoparticle preparation methods, their plasmon resonance and thermo-optical properties, their catalytic properties and their future technological applications. New chapters have been included, and reveal the growing impact of plasmonics in research, with an introduction to quantum plasmonics, plasmon assisted catalysis and electro-photon conversion. The growing field of nanoparticles for health is also addressed with a study of gold nanoparticles as radiosensibiliser for radiotherapy, and of gold nanoparticle functionalisation. This new edition also considers the relevance of bimetallic nanoparticles for specific applications.World-class scientists provide the most up-to-date findings for an introduction to gold nanoparticles within the related areas of chemistry, biology, material science, optics and physics. It is perfectly suited to advanced level students and researchers looking to enhance their knowledge in the study of gold nanoparticles.