Data quality assurance. Module 3. Site assessment of data quality


Book Description

This publication is one of the three module toolkit and provide technical guidance and tools to support the work on strengthening data quality in countries. This is part of the Division of Data, Analytics and Delivery for Impact’s scope of work providing normative guidance for health information system strengthening.







Data quality assurance. Module 2. Discrete desk review of data quality


Book Description

This publication is one of the three module toolkit and provide technical guidance and tools to support the work on strengthening data quality in countries. This is part of the Division of Data and Delivery for Impact's scope of work providing normative guidance for health information system strengthening.







Analysis and use of health facility data: guidance for maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health programme managers


Book Description

This guidance describes a catalogue of indicators for maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health (MNCAH) that can be monitored through health management information system data. It is a module of the WHO Toolkit for Routine Health Information Systems (RHIS) Data and links to relevant indicators from other programmatic modules of the WHO toolkit. The document provides guidance on possible analysis and visualization of the indicators, including considerations for interpreting and using the data for decisionmaking. An annex on data quality considerations for MNCAH managers provides suggestions for reviewing and interpreting routine health facility data through a quality lens. Accompanying this guidance are a series of presentations and exercises, including a facilitator guide, that can be used in workshops to strengthen capacity of analysis, interpretation, and use of data by MNCAH managers. The target audience for the guidance and accompanying materials are ministry of health staff working on MNCAH programmes and monitoring and evaluation activities at national and subnational levels; health workers; and partner organizations involved in supporting MNCAH programmes and monitoring. This text will be submitted to Language Services for translation whenever a publication is requested for translation and also provided to WHO Press at the same time as the translation.




Consolidated guidance on tuberculosis data generation and use. Module 1. Tuberculosis surveillance


Book Description

Since 1995, WHO has ensured a consistent approach to national, regional and global TB surveillance by providing standardized definitions, forms and registers for the recording and reporting of individual-level and aggregated data about people diagnosed with and treated for TB, which are used worldwide. This standardization has facilitated the regular reporting of TB data to WHO from 215 countries and areas in annual rounds of global TB data collection, with findings published in an annual WHO global TB report since 1997 and data made publicly available via the online WHO global TB database. The goal of this 2024 edition of WHO guidance on TB surveillance (following the last major update published in 2013) is to ensure the continued worldwide standardization of TB surveillance, in the context of the WHO End TB Strategy, the latest WHO guidelines on TB screening, prevention, diagnosis and treatment, and commitments made at the 2023 UN high-level meeting on TB, while also promoting the establishment or strengthening of digital, case-based TB surveillance that is integrated within the overall public health architecture. This 2024 edition provides a comprehensive and consolidated package, bringing together both updated guidance as well as (within web annexes) closely related WHO products, tools and documentation related to TB surveillance. The web annexes (and associated links to them) are listed below. The package was informed by (and includes a summary of) lessons learned about TB surveillance during more than 100 national TB epidemiological reviews conducted since 2013.




Module for assessing and strengthening the quality of viral load testing data within HIV programmes and patient monitoring systems: implementation tool, Second edition


Book Description

This technical update of the 2020 viral load data quality module provides further guidance on the recommended data quality assurance activities, updated web annexes to support country implementation, and generic budgets for viral load testing data quality monitoring activities. These are part of ongoing efforts to standardize approaches to ensure that accurate and timely HIV viral load testing data and results are available for both clinical use and to strengthen programme monitoring. This aligns with recommendations outlined in the 2022 WHO Consolidated guidelines on person-centred HIV strategic information on data quality assessment and improvement. The updated guidance on the priority indicators and the key elements of data quality include: - Key indicators to be included in data quality monitoring activities; - Main activities to be included in the viral load testing data quality assessment process; - The calculation of viral load test turnaround times; - Considerations for data quality assessments for sites with electronic data systems; - Sampling for national data quality assessments of sites and clinical records; - Data quality monitoring via lot-quality assurance sampling; - Considerations for facilities with point-of-care or near point-of-care viral load testing; - Considerations for data quality assessments of viral load testing data for pregnant and breastfeeding women; and - Recording the limitations and challenges of data quality monitoring assurance activities.




Harmonized health facility assessment (HHFA): comprehensive guide


Book Description

The Harmonized Health Facility Assessment (HHFA) is a comprehensive health facility survey that assesses that availability of health facility services and the capacity to provide these services at required standards of quality. The HHFA is accompanied by a set of tools, guidance documents and training materials. The HHFA Comprehensive guide serves as the main reference document for planning and implementing a country HHFA. This guide will promote understanding of: - What the HHFA is and the information it can and cannot provide. - The HHFA modules, questionnaires and CSPro electronic data collection tool. - The HHFA indicators, indices and their organization within the HHFA indicator inventory platform. - The HHFA data analysis platform. - The HHFA sampling and data collection methodologies. - The detailed steps involved in planning and implementing an HHFA. - Key concepts in review, interpretation and communication of HHFA findings. The HHFA Comprehensive guide is intended to help anyone involved in the detail of planning and implementing an HHFA and using HHFA data to strengthen country health services. This can include staff of the ministry of health (MoH), donor agencies and implementing partners, as well as academic institutions supporting the survey. The guidance will be of particular use to the multiparter country HHFA coordination group, the HHFA technical committee, the survey manager and the data analysts and report writers.




Data Quality


Book Description

Poor data quality can seriously hinder or damage the efficiency and effectiveness of organizations and businesses. The growing awareness of such repercussions has led to major public initiatives like the "Data Quality Act" in the USA and the "European 2003/98" directive of the European Parliament. Batini and Scannapieco present a comprehensive and systematic introduction to the wide set of issues related to data quality. They start with a detailed description of different data quality dimensions, like accuracy, completeness, and consistency, and their importance in different types of data, like federated data, web data, or time-dependent data, and in different data categories classified according to frequency of change, like stable, long-term, and frequently changing data. The book's extensive description of techniques and methodologies from core data quality research as well as from related fields like data mining, probability theory, statistical data analysis, and machine learning gives an excellent overview of the current state of the art. The presentation is completed by a short description and critical comparison of tools and practical methodologies, which will help readers to resolve their own quality problems. This book is an ideal combination of the soundness of theoretical foundations and the applicability of practical approaches. It is ideally suited for everyone – researchers, students, or professionals – interested in a comprehensive overview of data quality issues. In addition, it will serve as the basis for an introductory course or for self-study on this topic.




Web Technologies and Applications


Book Description

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th Asia-Pacific Conference APWeb 2015 held in Guangzhou, China, in September 2015. The 67 full papers and presented together with 3 industrial track papers and 7 demonstration track papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 146 submissions. The papers cover a wide spectrum of Web-related data management problems, and provide a thorough view on the rapid advances of technical solutions.