Education and Development: Alternatives to Neoliberalism - A New Paradigm Exploring Radical Openness and the Role of the Commons and P2P Foundation as an Alternative Discourse to Creative and Innovative Modernisation.


Book Description

ABSTRACT The theory of “modernisation” and the concept of “development education” have moved over the past decades from Neoliberalism to a future digital paradigm. With the advent of logarithmic development in the digital environment over the past 20 to 30 years, the concept and emerging theories about development education require a more robust assessment and exploration. The definition and the very nature of modernisation, as well as the possibilities of modernisation theory, in relation to the knowledge economy, will be discussed by drawing on the concepts of the four elements by David Suzuki (Environmentalist). Market fundamentalism is probably one of the biggest impediments to modernisation and social reform. For many years, during the past decades, this thinking was introduced and used to bring about cultural, social, economic and political change in many developing countries with the focus on markets and market reform. Neoliberalism is now seen by many as an effort to promote personal and corporate gain in the industrial world as we know it today. Collaboration, the freedom to contextualise, and ‘free’ and ‘open’ education have moved to the forefront to promote change. Some have argued that Neoliberalism is promoting self-interest, expanding individual property rights, promoting rigorous market exchange, and building global free trade. This view has been rigorously debated and contested by many different leaders, researchers, academia, and students as resources and education have become more open, and the threat to the biosphere is identified. This essay will explore the new paradigm of openness and digital futures. The possible role it could play in future global education development and modernisation of the economies around the globe is the focus. The Commons will be considered, the Creative Commons (intellectual property rights) and the P2P (Peer-to-Peer) foundation is a force to be reckoned with. The possibilities of this discourse - as an alternative discourse to neoliberalism- has already profoundly impacted development. It is this digital framework of P2P collaboration that will be considered. It is the work of the commons - as tools for modernisation - and the knowledge economy, that will be the centre of discussion in this essay. The possible creative and innovative actions to promote global development education and modernisation, harnessing the digital revolution of the knowledge economy and the development of global citizenship will be explored as a practical and new paradigm. THE PRACTICAL INTENT OF THIS ESSAY: From a practical perspective, the work of the FLOK Society in Ecuador, which endeavours to modernise and develop the existing economy with ‘tools’ for creative and innovative change (development education), will be looked at. This pioneering agent for economic change in South America started in 2013. Excerpts and references to the blog posts of a member of the FLOK Society are included on activities in Ecuador as it unfolds to explain the process of modernisation in Ecuador, more on this later. KEYWORDS Global Development Education, Knowledge Economy, Creative Economy, Development Paradigm, Openness, Radical Openness, Modernisation, Neoliberalism, Market Economy, Future Education, Social Change, Bio-Politics, Digital Futures, P2P Foundation, Peer-to-Peer, The Commons, Creative Commons, Collaboration, Global Citizenship, Hacking, Crowdsourcing, Creative Approach, Innovative Approach. Book details: Word Count: 5955 Pages: 32 APA Referencing




Education and Development


Book Description




Literature Review


Book Description

Abstract: Concepts of 'openness' in education hinge on interactions between individuals and organisations and boundaries within which these interactions exist. The future development of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) technologies of Higher Education rests on the critical decisions of 'openness' ('open' & 'free' education). The conceptualisations are largely influenced by those responsible for making political, economic and social decisions. I argue that NZ is currently in a favourable position to take advantage of P2P technologies because it has the basic infrastructure to support collaborative technologies (digital interconnectivity-Web 2.0 moving into Web 3.0). This literature review explores the value of philosophical perspectives or 'foundational schools of thought on openness' from theorists such as Karl Popper, Michel Foucault, and Jürgen Habermas - which act as a measuring stick in this literature review to gauge the position of NZ HE's 'open' education within a global tertiary education context. 'Openness' and the concept of 'neoliberalism' in the two main philosophical theories of Michel Foucault on Governmentality ('biopower') and Jürgen Habermas on Communicative Action are at the heart of the 'democratisation of the knowledge economy' debate. There is no point of convergence when comparing the theory of Foucault and Habermas. Foucault is mainly concerned with providing a genealogical account of the diffusion of power (political & economical), whereas Habermas is concerned with creating a political philosophy based on the recognition of the communicative capacities of rational human beings, which Foucault neglects.... P2P technologies implemented by some OECD countries compared to NZ shows that NZ HE is utilising and implementing P2P technologies (VLE's, video, podcasts, vodcasts, microblogging, and Moodle) successfully and effectively to enhance peer teaching and learning. I reason, with specific reference to the fundamental notion of the 'openness school of thought', that the P2P learning and teaching technologies in NZ HE are well developed, and NZ takes every opportunity to develop and refine the infrastructure and software available. The Neoliberalist ('laissez fair') approach refers to an economic system in which transactions between private parties are free from government interference such as regulations, privileges, tariffs, and subsidies (Peters, 2011; Olsen & Peters, 2005). I reason that this approach in HE shows agendas that are seeking profit over altruism. The paradigm of education as 'social good' within the knowledge economy (knowledge to be shared) is at the heart of the philosophical approach in this paper. Peters (2011) suggests that what is required is a change in 'ethos'. "It is not the confidence and trust of the markets but rather the development of trust that comes with the radically decentered democratic collaboration that epitomises distributed knowledge, political and energy systems" (Peters, 2011, p.182). Keywords: Peer-to-Peer Collaboration (P2P), Peer Learning (PL), Peer Assisted Learning (PAL), Openness, Neoliberalism, Post-Neoliberalism, Higher Education (HE), New Zealand (NZ), Conceptualisation, Governmentality & Biopower (Foucault), Communicative Action (Habermas), Microblogging, Twitter, and P2P Technologies.




Unique Sustainable Bach: A Design Brief


Book Description

Who is this book for? For Design and Visual Communication teachers and students. Students aged 16 to 18 years old. New Zealand context. Design and Visual Communication - NCEA Level 3. Spatial Design Brief. Two design briefs are included: BRIEF 1: Design a Unique Sustainable Bach BRIEF 2: Design an exhibition for your unique sustainable bach (holiday home) in a room in the Waikato Museum, which will be provided by the museum. Include your portfolio, 3-d model, enlarged pictures of your model and design sketches/work drawings, etc. (Sketch-up). Use the computer, data projector & screen to loop parts of your presentation (choose a component like research, for instance). Show possible flyers and brochures of your design work (assume you are an architect marketing your work). Show the link to your website or blog. EXCERPT: For example, you could use the following building materials for your bach: Aluminium cladding for the exterior walls and roof. Shuttered rammed earth sections for interior walls. Coloured concrete floors. A macrocarpa ceiling (sustainable timber). Large triple glazed windows in aluminium frames. Aluminium frames with large glass sections for interior /external doors. Discuss and illustrate the following with regards to your design decision (Unique Bach Design): Weather and climate of the location (precipitation, sunny days during the year, wind speed and wind direction) The terrain of the location (screenshots Google Maps and Google Earth) Bio-mimetic influences (for example the shape of a dune could be considered for the unique bach). To make the building more aerodynamic it will channel the air flow effortlessly over the building when the wind blows, and you could perhaps trap some moving air into tubes which could spin smaller wind turbines (blades) in the tubes to generate electrical power (engineering). Sustainable architecture (e.g. Passive Solar Design – Sun, Passive Ventilation-Air Flow, and more). Apply what you know and explore additional and new sustainable features and functions. View this slideshow from slide share about passive solar design: http://www.slideshare.net/WilliamZyl/passive-solar-design-architecture-33264758 Scientific concepts and ideas. For example, some engineering features you are thinking of. Discuss and collaborate with your friends in class-you could get some new ideas! Artistic inspired shapes/forms and ideas. Other Book details: Word count = 6078 Pages = 55 (size A4) including mane images, sketches, and links to websites and videos.




Neo-Liberalism, Globalization and Human Capital Learning


Book Description

With a highly accessible and lucid text this book reviews the political shift toward neo-liberal ideology and explores its tremendous impact on education. It maps out in careful detail the theoretical foundations of democratic citizenship by asking the question: What does it mean to learn and live in a democracy and what responsibilities, capacities and knowledge does a citizen need to fulfill these requirements?




The Palgrave International Handbook of Alternative Education


Book Description

This state-of-the-art, comprehensive Handbook fully explores the field of alternative education on an international scale. Alternatives to mainstream schooling and education are becoming increasingly recognised as pertinent and urgent for better understanding what really works in successfully educating children and adults today, especially in light of the increased performance driven and managerially organised economic modelling of education that dominates. For too long we have wondered what “exactly” education done otherwise might look like and here we meet individual examples as well as seeing what alternative education is when a collection becomes greater than the sum of parts. The Handbook profiles numerous empirical examples from around the world of education being done in innovative and excitingly democratic and autonomous ways from Forest Schools and Home Education through to new technologies, neuroscience and the importance of solitude. The book also sets out important theoretical perspectives to inform us why seeing education through an alternative lens is useful as well as urgently needed. Global in its perspective and definitive in content, this one-stop volume will be an indispensable reference resource for a wide range of academics, students and researchers in the fields of Education, Education Policy, Sociology and Philosophy as well as educational practitioners.




The Philosophy of Open Learning


Book Description

The Philosophy of Open Learning provides an overview of current debates and introduces the reader to the overall discourse on open education. The broad range of topics, including Massive Open Online Courses and Open Educational Resources is aimed at demonstrating that open education has emerged as a new principle for organizing higher education.




Cultures of Anyone


Book Description

This book focuses on the rise of sharing and collaboration practices among peers in Spanish digital cultures and social movements in the wake of Spain's financial meltdown of 2008.




Making Open Development Inclusive


Book Description

Drawing on ten years of empirical work and research, analyses of how open development has played out in practice. A decade ago, a significant trend toward openness emerged in international development. "Open development" can describe initiatives as disparate as open government, open health data, open science, open education, and open innovation. The theory was that open systems related to data, science, and innovation would enable more inclusive processes of human development. This volume, drawing on ten years of empirical work and research, analyzes how open development has played out in practice.




Ours to Hack and to Own


Book Description

With the rollback of net neutrality, platform cooperativism becomes even more pressing: In one volume, some of the most cogent thinkers and doers on the subject of the cooptation of the Internet, and how we can resist and reverse the process.