Electrochemistry of Metal Chalcogenides


Book Description

The author provides a unified account of the electrochemical material science of metal chalcogenide (MCh) compounds and alloys with regard to their synthesis, processing and applications. Starting with the chemical fundamentals of the chalcogens and their major compounds, the initial part of the book includes a systematic description of the MCh solids on the basis of the Periodic Table in terms of their structures and key properties. This is followed by a general discussion on the electrochemistry of chalcogen species, and the principles underlying the electrochemical formation of inorganic compounds/alloys. The core of the book offers an insight into available experimental results and inferences regarding the electrochemical preparation and microstructural control of conventional and novel MCh structures. It also aims to survey their photoelectrochemistry, both from a material-oriented point of view and as connected to specific processes such as photocatalysis and solar energy conversion. Finally, the book illustrates the relevance of MCh materials to various applications of electrochemical interest such as (electro)catalysis in fuel cells, energy storage with intercalation electrodes, and ion sensing.







Electrodeposition of Metals, Chalcogenides, and Metal Chalcogenides from Ionic Liquids


Book Description

In this work we describe the electrodeposition of metals, chalcogenides, and metal chalcogenides from ionic liquids and investigate the fundamental electrochemical processes occurring during electrodeposition. This work covers two main projects: the electrodeposition of elemental selenium and the general electrodeposition of amorphous transition metal chalcogenides. Selenium was electrodeposited from diethyl selenite in N, N – propylmethylpiperidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfon)imide. The electrochemical processes were investigated using in-situ UV-VIS spectroscopy and diethyl selenite was found to proceed through a step-wise reduction from Se4+→Se0→Se2−. A conformal film of amorphous elemental selenium was formed upon applying a potential of E = -1.0 V vs. Pt QRE. In addition a general procedure for the electrodeposition of group 6 transition metal chalcogenides was devised using the tetrachalcogenometallate as a single precursor for electrodeposition. Molybdenum sulfide and molybdenum selenide were electrodeposited from tetraphenylphosphonium tetrathiomolybdate and tetraselenomolybdate, respectively. In-situ UV-VIS spectroelectrochemistry revealed that these both undergo an anodic deposition of the MoE3 (E = S, Se) and a cathodic corrosion mechanism yielding MoE3−[subscript x] (0




Electrochemical Processing in ULSI Fabrication III


Book Description

"Held May 2000 in Toronto, Canada, as part of the 197th meeting of the Electrochemical Society."--Pref.




Deep Eutectic Solvents for Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass


Book Description

This book focuses on the properties of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) and recent advances in their application in lignocellulosic biomass processing. Lignocellulosic biomass conversion to biofuels, biochemicals and other value-added products has attracted global attention because it is a readily available, inexpensive and renewable resource. However, in order for biomass technologies to be commercially viable, biomass recalcitrance needs to be cost-effectively reduced. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are new ‘green' solvents that have the high potential for biomass processing thanks to their low cost, low toxicity, biodegradability, and easy recycling and reuse. After an overview of the current lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment, the book discusses the synthesis and physiochemical properties of DESs, as well as key findings on the effects of DES on cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin solubilization, biomass pretreatment and biomass crystallinity. It then addresses the enzymatic hydrolysis performance of DES-pretreated solids, compatibility of DESs with enzymes and microorganisms, and the recycling potential of DESs. Lastly, it compares DESs with ionic liquids, and examines the challenges and opportunities relating to extending the use of DESs in lignocellulosic processing.










Supercapacitors


Book Description

Supercapacitors: Materials, Design, and Commercialization provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research trends and opportunities in supercapacitors, and particularly in terms of novel materials and electrolytes.The book will address the transformation in supercapacitive technology from double layer capacitance to battery-type capacitance, providing a clear understanding of the conceptual differences between various charge storage processes for supercapacitors, charge storage based on materials and electrolytes, and calculation for capacitance for these charge processes. Detailed chapters discuss recent developments in materials, such as carbons, chalcogenides, MXene and phosphorene, various polymer nanocomposites, and polyoxometalates for supercapacitors. This is followed by in-depth coverage of electrolytes, including the evolution of electrolytes from aqueous to water-in-salt electrolytes and their role in improving the energy density of supercapacitors. The final part of the book examines the role of artificial intelligence in the design of supercapacitors, and latest developments in translating novel supercapacitor technologies from laboratory-scale research to a commercialization.This is a valuable resource for advanced students, researchers, and scientists in the fields of energy storage, electrical engineering, materials science, and chemical engineering, as well as engineers and R&D personnel working with supercapacitors or energy storage in an industrial setting. Brings together the latest developments in supercapacitor materials and electrolytes Discusses cutting-edge charge storage concepts and methods for supercapacitors Addresses the role of machine learning and the scale-up from laboratory to commercialization




Electrodeposition from Ionic Liquids


Book Description

Reflecting the dramatic rise in interest shown in this field over the last few years, this book collates the widespread knowledge into one handy volume. It covers in depth all classes of ionic liquids thus far in existence, with the individual chapters written by internationally recognized experts. The text is written to suit several levels of difficulty, containing information on basic physical chemistry in ionic liquids, a theory on the conductivity as well as plating protocols suited to undergraduate courses. The whole is rounded off with an appendix providing experimental procedures to enable readers to experiment with ionic liquids for themselves.