Fiscal Deficits, Monetary Reform, and Inflation Stabilization in Romania


Book Description

Fiscal problems are a key factor behind the inflation that has persisted in Eastern Europe since 1989. Deficits need to be cut back, but by how much for a given inflation target? A simple framework links debt, the deficit, and inflation to assess the fiscal stance of the Romanian economy.










Exchange Market Reform, Inflation, and Fiscal Deficits


Book Description

This paper examines the short- and long-run effects of exchange market reform in developing countries. The first part reviews the recent experience of Guyana, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Sierra Leone, and Sri Lanka with exchange market reform. The second part studies analytically the short-run dynamics of the parallel market premium and the money supply upon unification, when the post-reform regime consists of either a pure float or a managed float. The third part discusses the impact of unification on inflation and quasi-fiscal deficits, and identifies a variety of implicit taxes and subsidies that must be taken into account in assessing the longer-run effects of exchange market reform.




Fiscal Deficits and Inflation Management


Book Description

This paper begins with a brief overview of the prevailing fiscal scenario in India, emphasizing the path of the fiscal deficit between 1991 and the present fiscal year. It then examines the prevailing monetary policy framework and the key issues involved which lead up to a debate on monetary reform in India. It examines the link between fiscal deficits and price stability/inflation management. This is done in two parts - the first examining the impact of fiscal policy on inflation, and the second examining the impact of monetary policy on government debt and deficit. These impacts are examined by explaining the existing theory of the links between these issues, and then contextualizing each of the links for the Indian case. Having established that complementary fiscal rules are needed before moving towards establishing a monetary policy rule in India, the paper examines the existing fiscal rules and their suitability/efficacy towards supporting possible monetary reform, and concludes by looking at fiscal and political limitations towards monetary reforms in India.




Multiple Exchange Rates, Fiscal Deficits and Inflation Dynamics


Book Description

The paper explores the inflationary implications of exchange rate regime reforms in a small open economy model combining the public finance view of inflation with multiple exchange markets. To account for the experience of many developing countries, the analysis focuses on transitions to multiple official exchange markets. In those countries, multiple exchange rates were often announced as temporary. The paper shows that the dynamic response of inflation to the reform markedly differ whether the announcement is credible or not. The paper also compares the response of inflation under a fixed crawl of nominal official rates and under the presence of policy rules aimed at reducing the spread between the official and parallel exchange rates.




Inflation, External Debt, and Financial Sector Reform


Book Description

This new model can be used to derive the financeable fiscal deficit, given inflation targets, or to derive an equilibrium inflation rate for which no fiscal adjustment would be necessary. Here it is used to analyze inflation, external debt, and financial sector reform in Turkey.




The Relationship of Monetary Policy and Rising Prices


Book Description




Political Business Cycles


Book Description

Political business cycles create artificial economic booms just prior to elections; these papers examine the issue of whether federal governmental structure inevitably leaves the US economy exposed to unhealthy political influences. Literature references in notes, no formal bibliography. Duke reports an (unseen) edition in cloth (0-8223-0824-X) at $62.50. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR