Forming Abstraction


Book Description

Art produced outside hegemonic centers is often seen as a form of derivation or relegated to a provisional status. Forming Abstraction turns this narrative on its head. In the first book-length study of postwar Brazilian art and culture, Adele Nelson highlights the importance of exhibitionary and pedagogical institutions in the development of abstract art in Brazil. By focusing on the formation of the São Paulo Biennial in 1951; the early activities of artists Geraldo de Barros, Lygia Clark, Waldemar Cordeiro, Hélio Oiticica, Lygia Pape, and Ivan Serpa; and the ideas of critics like Mário Pedrosa, Nelson illuminates the complex, strategic processes of citation and adaption of both local and international forms. The book ultimately demonstrates that Brazilian art institutions and abstract artistic groups—and their exhibitions of abstract art in particular—served as crucial loci for the articulation of societal identities in a newly democratic nation at the onset of the Cold War.




Process Control Engineering


Book Description

This book surveys methods, problems, and tools used in process control engineering. Its scope has been purposely made broad in order to permit an overall view of this subject. This book is intended both for interested nonspecialists who wish to become acquainted with the discipline of process control engineering and for process control engineers, who should find it helpful in identifying individual tasks and organizing them into a coherent whole. A central concern of this treatment is to arrive at a consistent and comprehensive way of thinking about process control engineering and to show how the several specialities can be organically fitted into this total view.




Abstraction in Artificial Intelligence and Complex Systems


Book Description

Abstraction is a fundamental mechanism underlying both human and artificial perception, representation of knowledge, reasoning and learning. This mechanism plays a crucial role in many disciplines, notably Computer Programming, Natural and Artificial Vision, Complex Systems, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, Art, and Cognitive Sciences. This book first provides the reader with an overview of the notions of abstraction proposed in various disciplines by comparing both commonalities and differences. After discussing the characterizing properties of abstraction, a formal model, the KRA model, is presented to capture them. This model makes the notion of abstraction easily applicable by means of the introduction of a set of abstraction operators and abstraction patterns, reusable across different domains and applications. It is the impact of abstraction in Artificial Intelligence, Complex Systems and Machine Learning which creates the core of the book. A general framework, based on the KRA model, is presented, and its pragmatic power is illustrated with three case studies: Model-based diagnosis, Cartographic Generalization, and learning Hierarchical Hidden Markov Models.




Information, Organisation and Technology


Book Description

The semiotic perspective accommodates the individual and the social, the human and the technical, intra- and inter-organizational interactions, at a level of detail that is required in the study, modelling, design, and engineering of new and alternative organizational and technical systems. This perspective is outlined in the chapter presentations in this work.




Kit Fine on Truthmakers, Relevance, and Non-classical Logic


Book Description

This book explores some of Kit Fine's outstanding contributions to logic, philosophy of language, philosophy of mathematics, and metaphysics, among others. Contributing authors address in-depth issues about truthmaker semantics, counterfactual conditionals, grounding, vagueness, non-classical consequence relations, and arbitrary objects, offering critical reflections and novel research contributions. Each chapter is accompanied by an extensive commentary, in which Kit Fine offers detailed responses to the ideas and themes raised by the contributors. The book includes a brief autobiography and exhaustive list of his publications to this date. This book is of interest to logicians of all stripes and to analytic philosophers more generally.




The Dialectics of the Abstract and the Concrete in Marx's Capital


Book Description

The book presents an integral Marxist conception of the dialectics and methodology of scientific theoretical cognition, of the dialectical interrelation between the abstract and the concrete, of the unity of the historical and the logical, of the correlat




The Force of Argument


Book Description

Timothy Smiley has made ground-breaking contributions to modal logic, free logic, multiple-conclusion logic, and plural logic; he has illuminated Aristotle’s syllogistic, the ideas of logical form and consequence, and the distinction between assertion and rejection; and his debunking work on the theory of descriptions is a tour de force. In this volume, an international roster of contributors discuss Smiley's work to date; their essays will be of significant interest to those working across the logical spectrum—in philosophy of language, philosophical logic and mathematical logic.




The São Paulo Neo-Avant-Garde


Book Description

"Throughout the 1970s and into the 1980s, in the wake of the installation of Brazil's military dictatorship, artists and art collectives in Brazil used their work to critique the government and its sanitized images of Brazil, its use of torture, and its targeted persecutions. Mari Rodríguez Binnie's The São Paulo Neo-Avant Garde studies this art and its engagement with politics and mainstream institutions and traditions. During this period São Paulo was home to a growing number of high-rise office buildings, and many of the artists studied here held day jobs that gave them after-hours access to new technologies of mass production that became foundational to their work. As the author writes, "By appropriating processes such as photocopy, offset lithography, and thermal and heliographic printing, these artists simultaneously challenged the hidebound institutions of São Paulo's art world, as well as the regime's own manipulation of mass media through censorship and propaganda. The artists did so through works that, in their radical content and form, hinged on establishing alternative networks of communication both at the local and international levels." The study moves forward chronologically and thematically, with each chapter examining a particular set of works in their broader contexts"--




Computer-based Medical Guidelines and Protocols


Book Description

The book consists of two parts. The first part consists of 9 chapters which together offer a comprehensive overview of the most important medical and computer-science aspects of clinical guidelines and protocols. The second part of the book consists of chapters that are extended versions of selected papers that were originally submitted to the ECAI-2006 workshop 'AI Techniques in Health Care: Evidence-based Guidelines and Protocols.'




Temporal Information Systems in Medicine


Book Description

Temporal Information Systems in Medicine introduces the engineering of information systems for medically-related problems and applications. The chapters are organized into four parts; fundamentals, temporal reasoning & maintenance in medicine, time in clinical tasks, and the display of time-oriented clinical information. The chapters are self-contained with pointers to other relevant chapters or sections in this book when necessary. Time is of central importance and is a key component of the engineering process for information systems. This book is designed as a secondary text or reference book for upper -undergraduate level students and graduate level students concentrating on computer science, biomedicine and engineering. Industry professionals and researchers working in health care management, information systems in medicine, medical informatics, database management and AI will also find this book a valuable asset.