Tetrapyrroles


Book Description

Excluding the biological polymers proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, modified tetrapyrroles are the biological molecules that have had the greatest impact on the evolution of life over the past 4 billion years. They are involved in a wide variety of fundamental processes that underpin central primary metabolism in all kingdoms of life, from photosynthesis to methanogenesis. Moreover, they bring colour into the world and it is for this reason that these compounds have been appropriately dubbed the ‘pigments of life’. To understand how and why these molecules have been so universally integrated into the life processes one has to appreciate the chemical properties of the tetrapyrrole scaffold and, where appropriate, the chemical characteristics of the centrally chelated metal ion. This book addresses why these molecules are employed in Nature, how they are made and what happens to them after they have finished their usefulness.




Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry


Book Description

The use of unnatural metals - which have been introduced into human biology as diagnostic probes and drugs - is another active area of tremendous medical significance.




Hemes and Hemoproteins


Book Description




Biological Inorganic Chemistry


Book Description

The importance of metals in biology, the environment and medicine has become increasingly evident over the last twenty five years. The study of the multiple roles of metal ions in biological systems, the rapidly expanding interface between inorganic chemistry and biology constitutes the subject called Biological Inorganic Chemistry. The present text, written by a biochemist, with a long career experience in the field (particularly iron and copper) presents an introduction to this exciting and dynamic field. The book begins with introductory chapters, which together constitute an overview of the concepts, both chemical and biological, which are required to equip the reader for the detailed analysis which follows. Pathways of metal assimilation, storage and transport, as well as metal homeostasis are dealt with next. Thereafter, individual chapters discuss the roles of sodium and potassium, magnesium, calcium, zinc, iron, copper, nickel and cobalt, manganese, and finally molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten and chromium. The final three chapters provide a tantalising view of the roles of metals in brain function, biomineralization and a brief illustration of their importance in both medicine and the environment.Relaxed and agreeable writing style. The reader will not only fiind the book easy to read, the fascinating anecdotes and footnotes will give him pegs to hang important ideas on.Written by a biochemist. Will enable the reader to more readily grasp the biological and clinical relevance of the subject.Many colour illustrations. Enables easier visualization of molecular mechanismsWritten by a single author. Ensures homgeneity of style and effective cross referencing between chapters




Heme and Hemoproteins


Book Description

The study of the biological effects of foreign chemicals (whether therapeutic drugs or chemicals present at work or in the environment) interests the biologist from a number of different and complementary viewpoints. Apart from the more obvious pharmacological and toxicological interest, the experimentalist often uses foreign chemicals to produce in experimental animals disease states similar to naturally occurring diseases, so that their pathogenetic mechanisms and therapy can be studied under controlled conditions. In addition - as Claude Bernard pointed out over a century ago - foreign chemicals can be employed as instruments to analyze the most delicate vital processes; much can be learned about the physiological processes themselves by a careful study of the mechanisms by which these are altered by chemicals. The field of heme and hemoproteins offers an example of the interplay of these different approaches. Their metabolism can be altered by therapeutic drugs and other foreign chemicals and this results in a variety of biological responses that transcend the boundaries of pharmacology into the confines of clinical medi cine, genetics, toxicology, biochemistry and physiology. In this book a multidisciplinary approach to the study of heme metabolism is presented including the effect of chemicals on heme metabolism in patients, the results of experimental work in the whole animal, as well as in vitro studies.




Peptide, Protein and Enzyme Design


Book Description

De Novo Enzyme Design, the newest volume in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. This volume includes the design of metal binding maquettes, insertion of non-natural cofactors, Cu metallopeptides, non-covalent interactions in peptide assemblies, peptide binding and bundling, heteronuclear metalloenzymes, florinated peptides, De Novo imaging agents, and protein-protein interaction. - Continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters on de novo enzyme design - Represents the newest volume in the Methods in Enzymology series, providing premier, quality chapters authored by leaders in the field - Ideal reference for those interested in the study of enzyme design that looks at both structure and mechanism




Dioxygen-dependent Heme Enzymes


Book Description

Aerobic organisms have evolved to utilise the intrinsic oxidising power of oxygen from the atmosphere. This so-called 'activation' of oxygen is often catalysed by a heme-containing enzyme. This book highlights the many and varied catalytic activities of O2-dependent heme–iron enzymes, including monoxygenases and cytochrome P450, dioxygenases, oxidases and model heme systems. Dioxygen-dependent Heme Enzymes will be a useful resource for postgraduate students and researchers in biochemistry and metallobiology working in, or moving into, research areas involving heme proteins.




Sweet Biochemistry


Book Description

Sweet Biochemistry: Remembering Structures, Cycles, and Pathways by Mnemonics, Second Edition makes biochemistry lively, interesting and memorable by connecting objects, images and stories to biochemistry concepts. Here, Dr. Asha Kumari has converted cycles and difficult pathways into very simple formula and short stories and images to help readers see things in complicated cycles and better visualize biochemistry. As biochemistry is evolving steadily, with new and impactful topics, this new edition has been fully updated to include mnemonics on timely topics in biochemistry such as DNA replication, RNA, transcription, translation, and CRISPR technology, as well as fundamentals of immunity. - Provides quick, indigenous formula, mnemonics, figures, poems and short stories to absorb key concepts in biochemistry - Presents original diagrams that are easy to recall - Features simplified tables for remembering distinguishing features - Updated to address evolving topics in basic and medical biochemistry, including DNA replication, RNA transcription and translation and immunity fundamentals




The Smallest Biomolecules: Diatomics and their Interactions with Heme Proteins


Book Description

This is not a book on NO biology, nor about hemoglobin, nor about heme-based sensors per se. Of course, it covers all these topics and more, but above all, it aims at providing a truly multidisciplinary perspective of heme-diatomic interactions. The overarching goal is to build bridges among disciplines, to bring about a meeting of minds. The contributors to this book hail from diverse university departments and disciplines – chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, microbiology, zoology, physics, medicine and surgery, bringing with them very different views of heme-diatomic interactions. The hope is that the juxtaposition of this diversity will lead to increased exchanges of ideas, approaches, and techniques across traditional disciplinary boundaries. The authors represent a veritable Who's Who of heme protein research and include John Olson, Tom Spiro, Walter Zumft, F. Ann Walker, Teizo Kitagawa, W. Robert Scheidt, Pat Farmer, Marie-Alda Gilles-Gonzalez, and many other equally distinguished scientists. - Extremely distinguished list of authors - Multidisciplinary character – equally suitable for chemists and biochemists - Covers the hottest topics in heme protein research: sensors, NO biology, new roles of hemoglobin, etc.




Inborn Metabolic Diseases


Book Description

Each disease-related chapter begins with a detailed description of the patient and the delineating symptoms used for establishing the diagnosis and differential diagnosis. The highly detailed figures illustrate the metabolic derangement in a uniform way, together with essential aspects of the genetics involved, thus affording clarification and better understanding of the treatment. Topics covered range from general aspects such as the clinical approach, emergency treatment, diagnostic procedures, and psychosocial care for the child and the family, to specific discussions of new modes of treatment, including liver, bone marrow transplantation and somatic gene therapy.