The Power of Ideology


Book Description

In this prodigiously researched book, Emanuel Adler addresses the hotly contested issue of how developing nations can emerge from the economic and technological tutelage of the developed world. Is the dependence of Third World countries on multinational corporations—especially in the realm of high technology—a permanent fixture of an inherently unequal relationship? Or can it be managed by the developing nations for their benefit? By a masterful comparative study of the development of science and technology in Argentina and Brazil, the author discusses governmental policies that are effective in attaining autonomous technological development. Professor Adler provides a useful corrective to the structural theories of development that have up to now prevailed in the study of international relations by demonstrating that intellectual and technological elites play a far more significant role in the success or failure of such governmental policies than has hitherto been recognized. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1988.




Universities in Transition


Book Description

Globalization, the information age, and the rise of the knowledge-based economy are significantly transforming the way we acquire, disseminate, and transform knowledge. And, as a result, knowledge production is becoming closer and more directly linked to economic competitiveness. This evolution is also putting new and urgent demands on academic institutions to adjust to the changing needs of society and economy. In particular, there is growing pressure on the institutions of higher education and research in developed economies to find and affirm their new role in the national innovation system. Their counterparts in developing economies need to define their role in supporting emerging structures of the innovation system. This book examines the role of universities and national research institutes in social and economic development processes. Featuring contributions that showcase initiatives and innovations from around the world, including China, Eastern Europe, Latin America, Scandinavia, Southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and Western Europe, it offers timely insight that will be of interest to policymakers, university administrators, economic and social leaders, and researchers alike.




Law and the New Developmental State


Book Description

This book explores the emergence of a new developmental state in Latin America and its significance for law and development theory. In Brazil since 2000, emerging forms of state activism, including a new industrial policy and a robust social policy, differ from both classic developmental state and neoliberal approaches. They favor a strong state and a strong market, employ public-private partnerships, seek to reduce inequality, and embrace the global economy. Case studies of state activism and law in Brazil show new roles emerging for legal institutions. They describe how the national development bank uses law in innovation promotion, trade law strengthens new developmental policies in export promotion and public health, and social law frames innovative poverty-relief programs that reduce inequality and stimulate demand. Contrasting Brazilian experience with Colombia and Mexico, the book underscores the unique features of Brazil's trajectory and the importance of this experience for understanding the role of law in development today.




National Innovation Systems


Book Description

The slowdown of growth in Western industrialized nations in the last twenty years, along with the rise of Japan as a major economic and technological power (and enhanced technical sophistication of Taiwan, Korea, and other NICs) has led to what the authors believe to be a "techno-nationalism." This combines a strong belief that technological capabilities of a nation;s firms are a key source of their competitive process, with a belief that these capabilities are in a sense national, and can be built by national action. This book is about these national systems of technical innovation. The heart of the work contains studies of seventeen countries--from large market-oriented industrialized ones to several smaller high income ones, including a number of newly industrialized states as well. Clearly written, this work highlights institutions and mechanisms which support technical innovation, showing similarities, differences, and their sources across nations, making this work accessible to students as well as the scholars of innovation.




Federal Register


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Science and Technology Planning and Policy


Book Description

The purpose of this book is to discuss the various concepts, techniques, models and methodologies that will allow focused planning of science and technology policy from a system's point of view, i.e. taking into consideration all the relevant aspects. It fulfills a gap in the existing literature on science and technology because it explains why, when and how to carry out the planning process in a methodological and analytical manner. Science and technology strategies and policies are discussed within a conceptual framework and their impact both in global terms and in specific terms when analysing industrialized market economies, centrally planned economies, semi-industrialized economies and developing economies. The book reveals how to identify, compare and design scientific and technological strategies and policies to be carried out by a planner decision maker, organization, country etc. It contains not only the description of the important aspects of the scientific and technological system of different countries, but also presents several measures and data permitting the analysis and comparison of the scientific and technological strategies and policies for these countries.







USITC Publication


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CNPq


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Agricultural Tillage Tools from Brazil


Book Description