Introduction to Electron Holography


Book Description

Experienced and novice holographers receive a solid foundation in the theory and practice of holography, the next generation of imaging technology, in this superb text. The book's `how to' aspects enable readers to learn hologram acquisition at the microscope and processing of holograms at the computer as well as digital imaging techniques. A complete bibliography on electron holography and applications of the method to problems in materials science, physics and the life sciences round out the volume's coverage.




Introduction to Electron Holography


Book Description

Experienced and novice holographers receive a solid foundation in the theory and practice of holography, the next generation of imaging technology, in this superb text. The book's `how to' aspects enable readers to learn hologram acquisition at the microscope and processing of holograms at the computer as well as digital imaging techniques. A complete bibliography on electron holography and applications of the method to problems in materials science, physics and the life sciences round out the volume's coverage.




Electron Holography


Book Description

This is an introduction to electron holography, a newly developed technique for observing and measuring microscopic structures of matter and fields using the wave nature of electrons. It describes principles, experimental details, and observation examples for vortices in superconductors, the magnetic domain structure in ferromagnets, and for fundamental phenomena of quantum mechanics.




Springer Handbook of Microscopy


Book Description

This book features reviews by leading experts on the methods and applications of modern forms of microscopy. The recent awards of Nobel Prizes awarded for super-resolution optical microscopy and cryo-electron microscopy have demonstrated the rich scientific opportunities for research in novel microscopies. Earlier Nobel Prizes for electron microscopy (the instrument itself and applications to biology), scanning probe microscopy and holography are a reminder of the central role of microscopy in modern science, from the study of nanostructures in materials science, physics and chemistry to structural biology. Separate chapters are devoted to confocal, fluorescent and related novel optical microscopies, coherent diffractive imaging, scanning probe microscopy, transmission electron microscopy in all its modes from aberration corrected and analytical to in-situ and time-resolved, low energy electron microscopy, photoelectron microscopy, cryo-electron microscopy in biology, and also ion microscopy. In addition to serving as an essential reference for researchers and teachers in the fields such as materials science, condensed matter physics, solid-state chemistry, structural biology and the molecular sciences generally, the Springer Handbook of Microscopy is a unified, coherent and pedagogically attractive text for advanced students who need an authoritative yet accessible guide to the science and practice of microscopy.




Introduction to Modern Digital Holography


Book Description

Building up from the basic principles of optics, this straightforward introduction to digital holography, aimed at graduate students, engineers and researchers, describes modern techniques and applications, plus all the necessary underlying theory. Supporting Matlab code is available for download online, and homework problems are accompanied by an instructor solution manual.




Introduction to Holography


Book Description

This fully updated second edition of Introduction to Holography provides a theoretical background in optics and holography with a comprehensive survey of practical applications. It is intended for the non-specialist with an interest in using holographic methods in research and engineering. The text assumes some knowledge of electromagnetism, although this is not essential for an understanding of optics, which is covered in the first two chapters. A descriptive approach to the history and principles of holography is followed by a chapter on volume holography. Essential practical requirements for successful holographic recording are explained in detail. Recording materials are considered with detailed discussions of those in common use. Properties peculiar to holographically reconstructed images are emphasised as well as applications for which holography is particularly suitable. Mathematical tools are introduced as and when required throughout the text with important results derived in detail. In this new edition, topics such as photopolymers, dynamic holographic displays, holographic optical elements, sensors, and digital holography are covered in greater depth. New topics have been added, including UV and infrared holography, holographic authentication and encryption, as well as particle beam, X-ray, and acoustic holography. Numerical problems are provided at the end of each chapter. This book is suitable for undergraduate courses and will be an important resource for those teaching optics and holography. It provides scientists and engineers with knowledge of a wide range of holographic applications in research and industry, as well as an understanding of holography’s potential for future use.




Physical Principles of Electron Microscopy


Book Description

Scanning and stationary-beam electron microscopes are indispensable tools for both research and routine evaluation in materials science, the semiconductor industry, nanotechnology and the biological, forensic, and medical sciences. This book introduces current theory and practice of electron microscopy, primarily for undergraduates who need to understand how the principles of physics apply in an area of technology that has contributed greatly to our understanding of life processes and "inner space." Physical Principles of Electron Microscopy will appeal to technologists who use electron microscopes and to graduate students, university teachers and researchers who need a concise reference on the basic principles of microscopy.




Introduction to Conventional Transmission Electron Microscopy


Book Description

A graduate level textbook covering the fundamentals of conventional transmission electron microscopy, first published in 2003.




Transmission Electron Microscopy


Book Description

The aim of this book is to outline the physics of image formation, electron specimen interactions and image interpretation in transmission electron mic roscopy. The book evolved from lectures delivered at the University of Munster and is a revised version of the first part of my earlier book Elek tronenmikroskopische Untersuchungs- und Priiparationsmethoden, omitting the part which describes specimen-preparation methods. In the introductory chapter, the different types of electron microscope are compared, the various electron-specimen interactions and their applications are summarized and the most important aspects of high-resolution, analytical and high-voltage electron microscopy are discussed. The optics of electron lenses is discussed in Chapter 2 in order to bring out electron-lens properties that are important for an understanding of the function of an electron microscope. In Chapter 3, the wave optics of elec trons and the phase shifts by electrostatic and magnetic fields are introduced; Fresnel electron diffraction is treated using Huygens' principle. The recogni tion that the Fraunhofer-diffraction pattern is the Fourier transform of the wave amplitude behind a specimen is important because the influence of the imaging process on the contrast transfer of spatial frequencies can be described by introducing phase shifts and envelopes in the Fourier plane. In Chapter 4, the elements of an electron-optical column are described: the electron gun, the condenser and the imaging system. A thorough understanding of electron-specimen interactions is essential to explain image contrast.




Digital Holography and Wavefront Sensing


Book Description

This highly practical and self-contained guidebook explains the principles and major applications of digital hologram recording and numerical reconstruction (Digital Holography). A special chapter is designated to digital holographic interferometry with applications in deformation and shape measurement and refractive index determination. Applications in imaging and microscopy are also described. Spcial techniques such as digital light-in-flight holography, holographic endoscopy, information encrypting, comparative holography, and related techniques of speckle metrology are also treated