Light Pollution in Metropolises


Book Description

Light pollution (light smog, light pollution or light emissions) is a fundamental problem in metropolises with effects on flora, fauna and people. Accordingly, the first section of the book discusses the basics of light pollution and its effects on various organisms. The characteristics of light smog in the cities of Hanover, Warsaw, Boston, New York City and Toronto are then analysed and compared. But how can the problem be tackled? Existing measures for the prevention of light pollution are discussed and further novel approaches are shown by comparing the metropolises. The book is aimed primarily at practitioners in this field and helps to identify sources of emissions and identify suitable reduction measures. This book is a translation of the original German edition „Lichtverschmutzung in Metropolen“ by Emlyn Etienne Goronczy, published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH in 2018. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.




Light Pollution in Metropolises


Book Description

Light pollution (light smog, light pollution or light emissions) is a fundamental problem in metropolises with effects on flora, fauna and people. Accordingly, the first section of the book discusses the basics of light pollution and its effects on various organisms. The characteristics of light smog in the cities of Hanover, Warsaw, Boston, New York City and Toronto are then analysed and compared. But how can the problem be tackled? Existing measures for the prevention of light pollution are discussed and further novel approaches are shown by comparing the metropolises. The book is aimed primarily at practitioners in this field and helps to identify sources of emissions and identify suitable reduction measures. The Content What is light pollution ? Effects of artificial light after dark International comparative analysis Simulation of urban scenarios and spaces Interdisciplinary solutions for reducing urban light pollution The Target Groups City and regional planners, architects, civil engineers, urbanists, light planners, biologists Lecturers and teachers in urban and spatial planning training courses About the Author Emlyn Etienne Goronczy holds an academic degree in architecture with a focus on lighting design. He works in an international planning office and was awarded the Fritz-Schumacher-Preis of the City of Hamburg in the junior category. This book is a translation of the original German edition "Lichtverschmutzung in Metropolen" by Emlyn Etienne Goronczy, published by Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden GmbH in 2018. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence (machine translation by the service DeepL.com). A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content, so that the book will read stylistically differently from a conventional translation. Springer Nature works continuously to further the development of tools for the production of books and on the related technologies to support the authors.




The End of Night


Book Description

A deeply panoramic tour of the night, from its brightest spots to the darkest skies we have left. A starry night is one of nature's most magical wonders. Yet in our artificially lit world, three-quarters of Americans' eyes never switch to night vision and most of us no longer experience true darkness. In The End of Night, Paul Bogard restores our awareness of the spectacularly primal, wildly dark night sky and how it has influenced the human experience across everything from science to art. From Las Vegas' Luxor Beam -- the brightest single spot on this planet -- to nights so starlit the sky looks like snow, Bogard blends personal narrative, natural history, science, and history to shed light on the importance of darkness -- what we've lost, what we still have, and what we might regain -- and the simple ways we can reduce the brightness of our nights tonight.




Bright Sky, Starry City


Book Description

A little girl and her father have an opportunity to appreciate the wonders of the night sky. Phoebe helps her dad set up telescopes on the sidewalk outside his store. It’s a special night — Saturn and Mars are going to appear together in the sky. But will Phoebe be able to see them with all the city lights? Raindrops begin to fall, followed by lightning and thunder. Phoebe is filled with disappointment as she and her father hurry inside to wait out the storm. But suddenly the power fails and then, amazingly, the rain and clouds disappear. Phoebe and her dad and all kinds of people spill into the street. And there, in the bright night sky, the splendor of the planets and a multitude of stars are revealed for all to see. An illustrated afterword includes information about the solar system, planetary conjunctions and rings, moons, telescopes and light pollution. A glossary and recommended further reading are also included. Correlates to the Common Core State Standards in English Language Arts: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.1.3 Describe characters, settings, and major events in a story, using key details. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.2.1 Ask and answer such questions as who, what, where, when, why, and how to demonstrate understanding of key details in a text. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RL.2.7 Use information gained from the illustrations and words in a print or digital text to demonstrate understanding of its characters, setting, or plot.




Light Zone City


Book Description

The face of the nocturnal metropolis is marked decisively by light, and the number and variety of the light sources is increasing to the point of "light terror.” A well-lit urban space can be very inviting, giving residents and visitors a sense of well-being and security. A successful lighting design can also give the city at night an identity of its own and accentuate architectural qualities. In this book, the author embodies her many years of experience as a practitioner and teacher of lighting design. In preparation, she visited ten European cities — including Paris, Brussels, Berlin, London, Budapest, Vienna, and Amsterdam — with different urban situations. This has enabled her to present different planning and design tasks systematically and to illustrate specific solutions. In addition to articulating basic planning rules for the outdoor lighting of buildings, traffic routes, and squares, she presents and elucidates new artificial lighting systems and outdoor lamps with the help of examples.




DK Eyewitness Top 10 St Petersburg


Book Description

Magnificent canals, elegant bridges and grand boulevards - St Petersburg is a gloriously grandiose city abounding with monumental palaces, breathtaking cathedrals, world-class museums and famous landmarks testament to Russia's revolutionary past. Your DK Eyewitness Top 10 travel guide ensures you'll find your way around the 'Venice of the North' with absolute ease. Our recently updated Top 10 travel guide breaks down the best of Russia into helpful lists of ten - from our own selected highlights to the best museums and galleries, places to eat, bars and shops. You'll discover: -Eight easy-to-follow itineraries, perfect for a day-trip, a weekend, or a week -Detailed Top 10 lists of St Petersburg's must-sees, including detailed breakdowns of the Nevskiy Prospekt, at the Hermitage, the Church on Spilled Blood, the Mariinskiy Theatre, the Russian Museum, the Peter and Paul Fortress, St Isaac's Cathedral, Peterhof, Tsarskoe Selo and Pavlovsk park and palace -St Petersburg's most interesting areas, with the best places for shopping, going out, and sightseeing -Inspiration for different things to enjoy during your trip - including children's activities, things to do for free and hidden gems off the beaten track -A free laminated pull-out map of St Petersburg and the St Petersburg metro, plus six colour neighbourhood maps -Streetsmart advice: get ready, get around, and stay safe -A lightweight format perfect for your pocket or bag when you're on the move DK Eyewitness Top 10s are the UK's favourite pocket guides and have been helping travellers to make the most of their breaks since 2002. Staying for longer and looking for a more comprehensive guide? Try our DK Eyewitness St Petersburg or DK Eyewitness Russia.




Light Pollution


Book Description

There have been many developments in the field of light pollution over the last few years, and this second edition of 'Light Pollution - Responses and Remedies' will introduce them in detail. Examples include the appearance of anti-light pollution legislation in various countries, new departures in lighting design, human health implications, and the growing realization among the general public that lighting is not always a good thing. In this title, author Bob Mizon discusses the various ways in which wasted artificial light has damaged the quality of modern life, and suggest solutions. This book is for anyone who has experienced glare, discomfort, or nuisance from poorly directed lights; has wondered why we waste so much money lighting the sky; or anyone who simply wants to see the stars instead of a baleful urban glow. "Light Pollution, 2nd Edition" offers practical and inexpensive solutions to the world-wide problem of wasted artificial light, and emphasizes that light pollution is not just an astronomers' problem, but affects everyone in various ways.




Urban Climates


Book Description

Urban Climates is the first full synthesis of modern scientific and applied research on urban climates. The book begins with an outline of what constitutes an urban ecosystem. It develops a comprehensive terminology for the subject using scale and surface classification as key constructs. It explains the physical principles governing the creation of distinct urban climates, such as airflow around buildings, the heat island, precipitation modification and air pollution, and it then illustrates how this knowledge can be applied to moderate the undesirable consequences of urban development and help create more sustainable and resilient cities. With urban climate science now a fully-fledged field, this timely book fulfills the need to bring together the disparate parts of climate research on cities into a coherent framework. It is an ideal resource for students and researchers in fields such as climatology, urban hydrology, air quality, environmental engineering and urban design.




Dark Matters


Book Description

Dark Matters explores the city at night as a place and time within which escape from the confines of the daytime is possible. More specifically, it is a state of being. There is a long history of nightwalking, often integral to shady worlds of miscreants, shift workers and transgressors. Yet the night offers much to be enjoyed beyond vice. Night by definition contrasts day, summoning notions of darkness and fear. But another night exists out there. Liberation and exhilaration in the urban landscape is increasingly rare when so much of our attention and actions are controlled. Rather than consider darkness as negative, opposed to illumination and enlightenment, this book explores the rich potential of the dark for our senses. The question may no longer be about what spaces we wish to engage with but when we do?




Ecological Consequences of Artificial Night Lighting


Book Description

While certain ecological problems associated with artificial night lighting are widely known-for instance, the disorientation of sea turtle hatchlings by beachfront lighting-the vast range of influences on all types of animals and plants is only beginning to be recognized. From nest choice and breeding success of birds to behavioral and physiological changes in salamanders, many organisms are seriously affected by human alterations in natural patterns of light and dark. Ecological Consequences of Artificial Night Lighting is the first book to consider the environmental effects of the intentional illumination of the night. It brings together leading scientists from around the world to review the state of knowledge on the subject and to describe specific effects that have been observed across a full range of taxonomic groups, including mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians, fishes, invertebrates, and plants. Ecological Consequences of Artificial Night Lighting provides a scientific basis to begin addressing the challenge of conserving the nighttime environment. It cogently demonstrates the vital importance of this until-now neglected topic and is an essential new work for conservation planners, researchers, and anyone concerned with human impacts on the natural world.