› › Materials Ageing And Degradation In Light Water Reactors

Materials Ageing and Degradation in Light Water Reactors

Author : K L Murty

Publisher : Elsevier

Page : 441 pages

File Size : 18,23 MB

Release : 2013-02-18

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 0857097458

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Book Description

Light water reactors (LWRs) are the predominant class of nuclear power reactors in operation today; however, ageing and degradation can influence both their performance and lifetime. Knowledge of these factors is therefore critical to safe, continuous operation. Materials ageing and degradation in light water reactors provides a comprehensive guide to prevalent deterioration mechanisms, and the approaches used to handle their effects.Part one introduces fundamental ageing issues and degradation mechanisms. Beginning with an overview of ageing and degradation issues in LWRs, the book goes on to discuss corrosion in pressurized water reactors and creep deformation of materials in LWRs. Part two then considers materials' ageing and degradation in specific LWR components. Applications of zirconium alloys in LWRs are discussed, along with the ageing of electric cables. Materials management strategies for LWRs are then the focus of part three. Materials management strategies for pressurized water reactors and VVER reactors are considered before the book concludes with a discussion of materials-related problems faced by LWR operators and corresponding research needs.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Materials ageing and degradation in light water reactors is an authoritative review for anyone requiring an understanding of the performance and durability of this type of nuclear power plant, including plant operators and managers, nuclear metallurgists, governmental and regulatory safety bodies, and researchers, scientists and academics working in this area. - Introduces the fundamental ageing issues and degradation mechanisms associated with this class of nuclear power reactors - Considers materials ageing and degradation in specific light water reactor components, including properties, performance and inspection - Chapters also focus on material management strategies



Materials Ageing in Light-Water Reactors

Author : François Cattant

Publisher : Springer Nature

Page : 2448 pages

File Size : 15,58 MB

Release : 2022-07-18

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 3030856003

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Book Description

This book is an extensive and detailed guide to the subject of materials ageing in light-water nuclear reactors. Proper management of materials degradation is essential for the safe, reliable, and economic operation of nuclear power plants across the globe. This handbook features a stunning and thorough observational treatment of the key materials degradational phenomena in light-water reactors, capturing the results of some typical destructive examinations that have been carried out to understand and furthermore mitigate these failures. It provides a comprehensive collection of unique photographs, detailed schematics, concise analyses, as well as precise measurements and expert recommendations. It is organized in such a manner that engineers and scientists can use the observations presented to not only arrive at their own conclusions but also subsequently improve their knowledge of specific materials ageing issues. This handbook is supported by the Materials Ageing Institute (MAI) and Électricité de France (EDF) and is an extensive update to the previous edition, featuring up-to-minute information to reflect the state of the art as of 2020. Since its founding in 2008, the MAI has succeeded in expanding its membership and today represents two-thirds of the world's installed nuclear power capacity, benefiting from nearly 5,000 years of combined experience in reactor operation. The vast archive of past observational data and world-leading expert recommendations presented in this handbook leverage the unique expertise of the MAI in studying the key degradation phenomena of materials to ensure the secure and sustainable operation of carbon-free electricity production. It is a must-have on the desks of any engineers or researchers involved in ageing management for light-water reactors.



Understanding and Mitigating Ageing in Nuclear Power Plants

Author : Philip G Tipping

Publisher : Elsevier

Page : 953 pages

File Size : 12,13 MB

Release : 2010-10-26

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 1845699955

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Book Description

Plant life management (PLiM) is a methodology focussed on the safety-first management of nuclear power plants over their entire lifetime. It incorporates and builds upon the usual periodic safety reviews and licence renewals as part of an overall framework designed to assist plant operators and regulators in assessing the operating conditions of a nuclear power plant, and establishing the technical and economic requirements for safe, long-term operation.Understanding and mitigating ageing in nuclear power plants critically reviews the fundamental ageing-degradation mechanisms of materials used in nuclear power plant structures, systems and components (SSC), along with their relevant analysis and mitigation paths, as well as reactor-type specific PLiM practices. Obsolescence and other less obvious ageing-related aspects in nuclear power plant operation are also examined in depth.Part one introduces the reader to the role of nuclear power in the global energy mix, and the importance and relevance of plant life management for the safety regulation and economics of nuclear power plants. Key ageing degradation mechanisms and their effects in nuclear power plant systems, structures and components are reviewed in part two, along with routes taken to characterise and analyse the ageing of materials and to mitigate or eliminate ageing degradation effects. Part three reviews analysis, monitoring and modelling techniques applicable to the study of nuclear power plant materials, as well as the application of advanced systems, structures and components in nuclear power plants. Finally, Part IV reviews the particular ageing degradation issues, plant designs, and application of plant life management (PLiM) practices in a range of commercial nuclear reactor types.With its distinguished international team of contributors, Understanding and mitigating ageing in nuclear power plants is a standard reference for all nuclear plant designers, operators, and nuclear safety and materials professionals and researchers. - Introduces the reader to the role of nuclear power in the global energy mix - Reviews the fundamental ageing-degradation mechanisms of materials used in nuclear power plant structures, systems and components (SSC) - Examines topics including elimination of ageing effects, plant design, and the application of plant life management (PLiM) practices in a range of commercial nuclear reactor types



Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors

Author : Pascal Yvon

Publisher : Woodhead Publishing

Page : 686 pages

File Size : 18,7 MB

Release : 2016-08-27

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 0081009127

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Book Description

Operating at a high level of fuel efficiency, safety, proliferation-resistance, sustainability and cost, generation IV nuclear reactors promise enhanced features to an energy resource which is already seen as an outstanding source of reliable base load power. The performance and reliability of materials when subjected to the higher neutron doses and extremely corrosive higher temperature environments that will be found in generation IV nuclear reactors are essential areas of study, as key considerations for the successful development of generation IV reactors are suitable structural materials for both in-core and out-of-core applications. Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors explores the current state-of-the art in these areas. Part One reviews the materials, requirements and challenges in generation IV systems. Part Two presents the core materials with chapters on irradiation resistant austenitic steels, ODS/FM steels and refractory metals amongst others. Part Three looks at out-of-core materials. Structural Materials for Generation IV Nuclear Reactors is an essential reference text for professional scientists, engineers and postgraduate researchers involved in the development of generation IV nuclear reactors. - Introduces the higher neutron doses and extremely corrosive higher temperature environments that will be found in generation IV nuclear reactors and implications for structural materials - Contains chapters on the key core and out-of-core materials, from steels to advanced micro-laminates - Written by an expert in that particular area



Aging and Life Extension of Major Light Water Reactor Components

Author : Vikram N. Shah

Publisher : Elsevier Science Limited

Page : 943 pages

File Size : 21,10 MB

Release : 1993

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 9780444894489

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Book Description

In a comprehensive and lucid manner this book presents an understanding of the aging degradation of the major pressurized and boiling water reactor structures and components. The design and fabrication of each structure or component is briefly described followed by information on the associated stressors. Interactions between the design, materials, and various stressors that cause aging degradation are reviewed. In many cases, aging degradation problems have occurred, and the plant experience to date is analysed. The discussions summarize the available aging-related information and are supported with extensive references, including references to U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) documents, Electric Power Research Institute reports, U.S. and international conference proceedings and other publications. The book will prove a useful reference for engineers engaged in the operation and life extension of the present generation of nuclear power plants and for those engaged in the design of advanced light water reactors. It will also provide engineering students with insight into the practical materials-related issues associated with the design and operation of nuclear power plants. The work will also serve as a basis for programs to address the new aging-related issues likely to arise as plants get older.



Stress-corrosion Cracking

Author : Russell H. Jones

Publisher : ASM International(OH)

Page : 466 pages

File Size : 22,33 MB

Release : 1992

Category : Science

ISBN :

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Book Description

Details the many conditions under which stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) can occur, the parameters which control SCC, and the methodologies for mitigating and testing for SCC, plus information on mechanisms of SCC with experimental data on a variety of materials. Contains information about environmen



Stress Corrosion Cracking in Light Water Reactors

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency

Publisher :

Page : 0 pages

File Size : 49,65 MB

Release : 2011

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 9789201172105

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Book Description

Provides general descriptions of degradation mechanisms of different types of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) which are concerned with systems, structures and components in PWRs and BWRs. This publication includes examples of good practices in preventing, mitigating and repairing SCC damage and summarizes research and development programmes.



Uranium Enrichment and Nuclear Weapon Proliferation

Author : Allan S. Krass

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 325 pages

File Size : 21,99 MB

Release : 2020-11-20

Category : Political Science

ISBN : 100020054X

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Book Description

Originally published in 1983, this book presents both the technical and political information necessary to evaluate the emerging threat to world security posed by recent advances in uranium enrichment technology. Uranium enrichment has played a relatively quiet but important role in the history of efforts by a number of nations to acquire nuclear weapons and by a number of others to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons. For many years the uranium enrichment industry was dominated by a single method, gaseous diffusion, which was technically complex, extremely capital-intensive, and highly inefficient in its use of energy. As long as this remained true, only the richest and most technically advanced nations could afford to pursue the enrichment route to weapon acquisition. But during the 1970s this situation changed dramatically. Several new and far more accessible enrichment techniques were developed, stimulated largely by the anticipation of a rapidly growing demand for enrichment services by the world-wide nuclear power industry. This proliferation of new techniques, coupled with the subsequent contraction of the commercial market for enriched uranium, has created a situation in which uranium enrichment technology might well become the most important contributor to further nuclear weapon proliferation. Some of the issues addressed in this book are: A technical analysis of the most important enrichment techniques in a form that is relevant to analysis of proliferation risks; A detailed projection of the world demand for uranium enrichment services; A summary and critique of present institutional non-proliferation arrangements in the world enrichment industry, and An identification of the states most likely to pursue the enrichment route to acquisition of nuclear weapons.



Nuclear Corrosion Science and Engineering

Author : Damien Feron

Publisher : Elsevier

Page : 1073 pages

File Size : 11,45 MB

Release : 2012-02-21

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 085709534X

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Book Description

Corrosion of nuclear materials, i.e. the interaction between these materials and their environments, is a major issue for plant safety as well as for operation and economic competitiveness. Understanding these corrosion mechanisms, the systems and materials they affect, and the methods to accurately measure their incidence is of critical importance to the nuclear industry. Combining assessment techniques and analytical models into this understanding allows operators to predict the service life of corrosion-affected nuclear plant materials, and to apply the most appropriate maintenance and mitigation options to ensure safe long term operation.This book critically reviews the fundamental corrosion mechanisms that affect nuclear power plants and facilities. Initial sections introduce the complex field of nuclear corrosion science, with detailed chapters on the different types of both aqueous and non aqueous corrosion mechanisms and the nuclear materials susceptible to attack from them. This is complemented by reviews of monitoring and control methodologies, as well as modelling and lifetime prediction approaches. Given that corrosion is an applied science, the final sections review corrosion issues across the range of current and next-generation nuclear reactors, and across such nuclear applications as fuel reprocessing facilities, radioactive waste storage and geological disposal systems.With its distinguished editor and international team of expert contributors, Nuclear corrosion science and engineering is an invaluable reference for nuclear metallurgists, materials scientists and engineers, as well as nuclear facility operators, regulators and consultants, and researchers and academics in this field. - Comprehensively reviews the fundamental corrosion mechanisms that affect nuclear power plants and facilities - Chapters assess different types of both aqueous and non aqueous corrosion mechanisms and the nuclear materials susceptible to attack from them - Considers monitoring and control methodologies, as well as modelling and lifetime prediction approaches



Handbook of Biofuels Production

Author : Rafael Luque

Publisher : Woodhead Publishing

Page : 772 pages

File Size : 47,48 MB

Release : 2016-05-19

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 0081004567

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Book Description

Handbook of Biofuels Production, Second Edition, discusses advanced chemical, biochemical, and thermochemical biofuels production routes that are fast being developed to address the global increase in energy usage. Research and development in this field is aimed at improving the quality and environmental impact of biofuels production, as well as the overall efficiency and output of biofuels production plants. The book provides a comprehensive and systematic reference on the range of biomass conversion processes and technology. Key changes for this second edition include increased coverage of emerging feedstocks, including microalgae, more emphasis on by-product valorization for biofuels' production, additional chapters on emerging biofuel production methods, and discussion of the emissions associated with biofuel use in engines. The editorial team is strengthened by the addition of two extra members, and a number of new contributors have been invited to work with authors from the first edition to revise existing chapters, thus offering fresh perspectives. - Provides systematic and detailed coverage of the processes and technologies being used for biofuel production - Discusses advanced chemical, biochemical, and thermochemical biofuels production routes that are fast being developed to address the global increase in energy usage - Reviews the production of both first and second generation biofuels - Addresses integrated biofuel production in biorefineries and the use of waste materials as feedstocks