Institutional Constraints to Small Farmer Development in Southern Africa


Book Description

The Southern Africa region has experienced more than its fair share of problems in recent years. Just when it seemed that the hardships wrought by the devastating cycle of droughts and floods of 2000 to 2002 were a thing of the past, other problems emerged. At one level, there have been the weak and often erratic governance mechanisms and political crises in some countries of the region, leading to severe disruptions in agricultural production to the point that supplies and markets have virtually disappeared. At another level, socio-cultural rigidities have often militated against the adoption of efficient farming practices, resulting in sub-optimal choices that lock smallholders into a low equilibrium trap. In the face of the disappearing supplies and missing markets, these have engendered hyper-inflationary trends of a magnitude unknown anywhere else in the world. But in the midst of all this apparent dreariness, cases are emerging from which immense lessons can be drawn. This book assembles a collection of research papers based on studies completed in 2008 and 2009 in Southern Africa that examine various dimensions of the institutional constraints small farmers are facing in the region and how they are going about dealing with them. The papers draw from these diverse and polar experiences and present some theoretical and practical insights that should form the basis for more in-depth, country-level, sector-specific analyses, focusing mainly on citrus, horticultures, cotton and livestock. The thematic issues of income inequality, land reform, natural resource management and value chain governance and chain choice, are covered in this book and are expected to be of interest for a wide constituency, including researchers, development practitioners, rural animators, and policy makers.




Microeconomics and Behaviour


Book Description

This text covers the topics of intermediate microeconomics in South Africa while exploring the relationship between economic analysis and human behaviour. A clear narrative, a wide variety of Southern African examples and applied practical problems help students learn how to think like economists and apply economics in business and life.




Microeconomics


Book Description

In this novel introduction to modern microeconomic theory, Samuel Bowles returns to the classical economists' interest in the wealth and poverty of nations and people, the workings of the institutions of capitalist economies, and the coevolution of individual preferences and the structures of markets, firms, and other institutions. Using recent advances in evolutionary game theory, contract theory, behavioral experiments, and the modeling of dynamic processes, he develops a theory of how economic institutions shape individual behavior, and how institutions evolve due to individual actions, technological change, and chance events. Topics addressed include institutional innovation, social preferences, nonmarket social interactions, social capital, equilibrium unemployment, credit constraints, economic power, generalized increasing returns, disequilibrium outcomes, and path dependency. Each chapter is introduced by empirical puzzles or historical episodes illuminated by the modeling that follows, and the book closes with sets of problems to be solved by readers seeking to improve their mathematical modeling skills. Complementing standard mathematical analysis are agent-based computer simulations of complex evolving systems that are available online so that readers can experiment with the models. Bowles concludes with the time-honored challenge of "getting the rules right," providing an evaluation of markets, states, and communities as contrasting and yet sometimes synergistic structures of governance. Must reading for students and scholars not only in economics but across the behavioral sciences, this engagingly written and compelling exposition of the new microeconomics moves the field beyond the conventional models of prices and markets toward a more accurate and policy-relevant portrayal of human social behavior.




EBOOK: Economics, South African Edition


Book Description

EBOOK: Economics, South African Edition




Microeconomics for Business and Marketing


Book Description

This text, which is designed for intermediate-level students of microeconomics, offers a series of alternative approaches to economic analysis. It emphasizes practical problem-solving, making it relevant to students of business and commerce. As well as neoclassical microeconomics, it seeks to promote an awareness of different approaches, including the application of behavioural-institutionalist economics to real world problems. Rather than emphasizing technical set pieces, this book offers students a range of approaches such as behavioural theories of consumer choice and institutionalist analysis of the economics.




Microeconomics


Book Description

A comprehensive introduction to micro-economics in general, this book is set against a contemporary South African background. Straightforward language, practical examples and numerous graphs illustrate the theory in this textbook and make it especially accessible for distance learners.




EBOOK: Economics: A Southern African Context, 3e


Book Description

Economics studies how people, businesses and governments use resources. What shapes our decisions? How do we allocate goods and services? What does a rational choice look like? In this third edition of Economics: A Southern African Context, the authors expertly guide us through the key principles of economics, providing a solid foundation in the subject. The text combines relevant Southern African examples with a clear and accessible narrative. By encouraging critical engagement with economic theories, it provides a basis for examining today’s economic, social, and political issues. Key Features: •A new structure to refocus the book and align with teaching •Additional online chapters, including the Economics of Pandemics, available in Connect® •Fully updated pedagogy, including Interactive Graphs, Last Word, and Quick Quiz boxes •Discussions on new developments in economics, such as the consequences of COVID-19 and the impact of BRICS membership on trade in South Africa •Revised end-of-chapter content to test comprehension, including Review Questions, Discussion Questions and Problems, available in Connect® Economics: A Southern African Context is available with McGraw Hill’s Connect®, the online learning platform which features resources to help faculty and institutions improve student outcomes and course delivery efficiency. Jan J. Janse van Rensburg is a lecturer at the University of Pretoria. His main area of interest is in teaching and course development with a focus on Principles of Economics. He also specializes in Health Economics, concentrating on the economic effects and costs of substance abuse. Campbell R. McConnell was a professor at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, where he taught from 1953 until his retirement in 1990. Stanley L. Brue is a professor at Pacific Lutheran University, where he has been honoured as a recipient of the Burlington Northern Faculty Achievement Award. Sean M. Flynn is an associate professor of economics at Scripps College in Claremont, California.




From Evidence to Action


Book Description

Cash transfers have become a key social protection tool in developing countries and have expanded dramatically in the last two decades. However, the impacts of cash transfers programmes, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, have not been substantially documented. This book presents a detailed overview of the impact evaluations of these programmes, carried out by the Transfer Project and FAO’s From Protection to Production project. The 14 chapters include a review of eight country case studies: Kenya, Ghana, Ethiopia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Malawi, South Africa, as well as a description of the innovative research methodologies, political economy issues and good practices to design cash transfer programmes. The key objective of the book is to enhance the understanding of these development programmes, how they lead to a broad range of social and productive impacts and also of the role of programme evaluation in the process of developing policies and implementing programmes.




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