Understanding Acoustics


Book Description

This textbook provides a unified approach to acoustics and vibration suitable for use in advanced undergraduate and first-year graduate courses on vibration and fluids. The book includes thorough treatment of vibration of harmonic oscillators, coupled oscillators, isotropic elasticity, and waves in solids including the use of resonance techniques for determination of elastic moduli. Drawing on 35 years of experience teaching introductory graduate acoustics at the Naval Postgraduate School and Penn State, the author presents a hydrodynamic approach to the acoustics of sound in fluids that provides a uniform methodology for analysis of lumped-element systems and wave propagation that can incorporate attenuation mechanisms and complex media. This view provides a consistent and reliable approach that can be extended with confidence to more complex fluids and future applications. Understanding Acoustics opens with a mathematical introduction that includes graphing and statistical uncertainty, followed by five chapters on vibration and elastic waves that provide important results and highlight modern applications while introducing analytical techniques that are revisited in the study of waves in fluids covered in Part II. A unified approach to waves in fluids (i.e., liquids and gases) is based on a mastery of the hydrodynamic equations. Part III demonstrates extensions of this view to nonlinear acoustics. Engaging and practical, this book is a must-read for graduate students in acoustics and vibration as well as active researchers interested in a novel approach to the material.




Nonlinear Acoustics Through Problems and Examples


Book Description

The fundamentals of nonlinear acoustics are presented in form of problems followed by solutions, explanations and answers. As distinct from existing textbooks, this book of problems not only helps the reader to become familiar with nonlinear wave processes and the methods of their description, but contributes to mastering calculation procedures and obtaining numerical estimates of the most significant parameters. Thereby, skills are acquired which are indispensable for carrying out original scientific research. This book can be useful to undergraduate and postgraduate students and researchers working in the field of nonlinear wave physics and acoustics.




Nonlinear Wave Processes in Acoustics


Book Description

This text considers models of different "acoustic" media as well as equations and behavior of finite-amplitude waves. It also considers the effects of nonlinearity, dissipation, dispersion, and for two- and three-dimensional problems, reflection and diffraction on the evolution and interaction of acoustic beams.




Theory of Nonlinear Acoustics in Fluids


Book Description

The aim of the present book is to present theoretical nonlinear aco- tics with equal stress on physical and mathematical foundations. We have attempted explicit and detailed accounting for the physical p- nomena treated in the book, as well as their modelling, and the f- mulation and solution of the mathematical models. The nonlinear acoustic phenomena described in the book are chosen to give phy- cally interesting illustrations of the mathematical theory. As active researchers in the mathematical theory of nonlinear acoustics we have found that there is a need for a coherent account of this theory from a unified point of view, covering both the phenomena studied and mathematical techniques developed in the last few decades. The most ambitious existing book on the subject of theoretical nonlinear acoustics is ”Theoretical Foundations of Nonlinear Aco- tics” by O. V. Rudenko and S. I. Soluyan (Plenum, New York, 1977). This book contains a variety of applications mainly described by Bu- ers’ equation or its generalizations. Still adhering to the subject - scribed in the title of the book of Rudenko and Soluyan, we attempt to include applications and techniques developed after the appearance of, or not included in, this book. Examples of such applications are resonators, shockwaves from supersonic projectiles and travelling of multifrequency waves. Examples of such techniques are derivation of exact solutions of Burgers’ equation, travelling wave solutions of Bu- ers’ equation in non-planar geometries and analytical techniques for the nonlinear acoustic beam (KZK) equation.




Nonlinear Periodic Waves and Their Modulations


Book Description

Although the mathematical theory of nonlinear waves and solitons has made great progress, its applications to concrete physical problems are rather poor, especially when compared with the classical theory of linear dispersive waves and nonlinear fluid motion. The Whitham method, which describes the combining action of the dispersive and nonlinear effects as modulations of periodic waves, is not widely used by applied mathematicians and physicists, though it provides a direct and natural way to treat various problems in nonlinear wave theory. Therefore it is topical to describe recent developments of the Whitham theory in a clear and simple form suitable for applications in various branches of physics.This book develops the techniques of the theory of nonlinear periodic waves at elementary level and in great pedagogical detail. It provides an introduction to a Whitham's theory of modulation in a form suitable for applications. The exposition is based on a thorough analysis of representative examples taken from fluid mechanics, nonlinear optics and plasma physics rather than on the formulation and study of a mathematical theory. Much attention is paid to physical motivations of the mathematical methods developed in the book. The main applications considered include the theory of collisionless shock waves in dispersive systems and the nonlinear theory of soliton formation in modulationally unstable systems. Exercises are provided to amplify the discussion of important topics such as singular perturbation theory, Riemann invariants, the finite gap integration method, and Whitham equations and their solutions.




Nonlinear Acoustics


Book Description

This open access book is an introductory text on the theory of nonlinear acoustics written by experts on their respective topics. It is written at a level appropriate for a graduate course on nonlinear acoustics, and it also serves as a useful resource for scientists and engineers. Consistent notation is employed for the principal symbols, and there is extensive cross-referencing between chapters. Chapters 1 through 8 develop the physical concepts, mathematical models, and classical methods of solution that form the theoretical framework for nonlinear acoustics. These chapters, or selected portions, form an appropriate core for an introductory course. While the emphasis is on nonlinear sound waves in fluids, Chapter 9 provides an introduction to nonlinear elastic waves in isotropic solids. Chapters 10 through 15 cover applications and additional methodologies encountered in nonlinear acoustics that include perturbation and numerical methods, ray theory for inhomogeneous media, statistical and parametric phenomena, and biomedical applications. The book is relevant to studies of therapeutic ultrasound, blast waves and jet noise, nondestructive testing, parametric array loudspeakers, particle manipulation with acoustic radiation force, and other applications involving nonlinear acoustics. This is an open access book.




Nonlinear Acoustics in Fluids


Book Description

New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold, c1984.




Linear and Nonlinear Waves


Book Description

Now in an accessible paperback edition, this classic work is just as relevant as when it first appeared in 1974, due to the increased use of nonlinear waves. It covers the behavior of waves in two parts, with the first part addressing hyperbolic waves and the second addressing dispersive waves. The mathematical principles are presented along with examples of specific cases in communications and specific physical fields, including flood waves in rivers, waves in glaciers, traffic flow, sonic booms, blast waves, and ocean waves from storms.




Nonlinear Acoustics


Book Description

CONTENTS: Introduction -- The Nature of Nonlinear Acoustics, Historical Aspects; Principles of Linear Acoustics; Some Sources of Nonlinear Oscillations; Nonlinear Propagation in Fluids; Shock Waves; Aeroacoustics; Radiation Pressure; Streaming; Cavitation; Nonlinear Interaction of Sound Waves; Applications of Nonlinear Interactions. The Parametric Array; Nonlinear Propagation in Solids.




Nonlinear Ultrasonic and Vibro-Acoustical Techniques for Nondestructive Evaluation


Book Description

This multi-contributed volume provides a practical, applications-focused introduction to nonlinear acoustical techniques for nondestructive evaluation. Compared to linear techniques, nonlinear acoustical/ultrasonic techniques are much more sensitive to micro-cracks and other types of small distributed damages. Most materials and structures exhibit nonlinear behavior due to the formation of dislocation and micro-cracks from fatigue or other types of repetitive loadings well before detectable macro-cracks are formed. Nondestructive evaluation (NDE) tools that have been developed based on nonlinear acoustical techniques are capable of providing early warnings about the possibility of structural failure before detectable macro-cracks are formed. This book presents the full range of nonlinear acoustical techniques used today for NDE. The expert chapters cover both theoretical and experimental aspects, but always with an eye towards applications. Unlike other titles currently available, which treat nonlinearity as a physics problem and focus on different analytical derivations, the present volume emphasizes NDE applications over detailed analytical derivations. The introductory chapter presents the fundamentals in a manner accessible to anyone with an undergraduate degree in Engineering or Physics and equips the reader with all of the necessary background to understand the remaining chapters. This self-contained volume will be a valuable reference to graduate students through practising researchers in Engineering, Materials Science, and Physics. Represents the first book on nonlinear acoustical techniques for NDE applications Emphasizes applications of nonlinear acoustical techniques Presents the fundamental physics and mathematics behind nonlinear acoustical phenomenon in a simple, easily understood manner Covers a variety of popular NDE techniques based on nonlinear acoustics in a single volume




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