Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows, ASTRONUM-2009


Book Description

"This Volume contains the proceedings of ASTRONUM-2009 -- the fourth in a series of international conferences now organized by the Center for Space Plasma and Aeronomic Research at the University of Alabama in Huntsville and the Laboratory for Research into the Fundamental Laws of the Universe at the French Commissariat of Atomic Energy. The subjects of the conference included such topics as turbulence and cosmic ray transport, astrophysical flows, space plasma flows, kinetic and hybrid simulations, numerical methods, algorithms, and frameworks, and data handling and visualization. All of these topics are of great importance for scientists investigating solar structure, the heliosphere, the Sun-Earth connection, and various astrophysical phenomena. The problems discussed at the conference are characterized by different time and space scales, regions, or particle populations, for which different sets of defning equations or concepts are necessary to understand the physical system in its entirety. This book will be of interest to specialists in applied mathematics, astrophysics, space physics, and computer science working on the application of novel numerical algorithms to contemporary problems arising in these fields. It can also be used by graduate students to get acquainted with the fundamental approaches to solving the fluid dynamic and kinetic equations governing space plasma flows."--Publisher's website.




Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows


Book Description

"This volume is based on talks given at ASTRONUM-2007. This conference is the second in a series of international conferences organized by the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics of the University of California at Riverside and the Laboratory for Research of the Fundamental Laws of the Universe of the French Commissariat of Atomic Energy. The conference subjects include turbulence and cosmic ray transport, astrophysical flows, space plasma flows, kinetic and hybrid simulations, numerical methods, algorithms, and frameworks, and data handling and visualization. All of these are of great importance for scientists investigating solar structure, the heliosphere, the Sun-Earth connection, and various astrophysical phenomena. The problems discussed at the conference involved significantly different scales, regions, or particle populations for which several sets of defining equations or concepts are necessary to understand the physical system in its entirety. This book will be of interest to specialists in applied mathematics, astrophysics, space physics, and computer science who apply novel numerical algorithms to the contemporary problems in these fields. Graduate students will find it a useful reference of the fundamental approaches to solving the fluid dynamics and Boltzmann equations governing space plasma flows." -- publisher's website




Magnetohydrodynamic Modeling of the Solar Corona and Heliosphere


Book Description

The book covers intimately all the topics necessary for the development of a robust magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) code within the framework of the cell-centered finite volume method (FVM) and its applications in space weather study. First, it presents a brief review of existing MHD models in studying solar corona and the heliosphere. Then it introduces the cell-centered FVM in three-dimensional computational domain. Finally, the book presents some applications of FVM to the MHD codes on spherical coordinates in various research fields of space weather, focusing on the development of the 3D Solar-InterPlanetary space-time Conservation Element and Solution Element (SIP-CESE) MHD model and its applications to space weather studies in various aspects. The book is written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, lecturers, engineers and researchers in solar-terrestrial physics, space weather theory, modeling, and prediction, computational fluid dynamics, and MHD simulations. It helps readers to fully understand and implement a robust and versatile MHD code based on the cell-centered FVM.




Numerical Modelling of Astrophysical Turbulence


Book Description

In this "SpringerBrief" the author considers the underlying problems and questions that are common to numerical models of turbulence in different astrophysical systems. Turbulence has emerged as an important research topic in several areas of astrophysics. Understanding and modeling turbulence is particularly important for the dynamics of the interstellar medium, but also for the intergalactic medium, as well as in stars. The advancement of methods for numerical simulations of astrophysical turbulence, however, is still challenging because of gravity, strong compressibility, magnetic fields, and other effects. The book begins with a review of general aspects of numerical simulations of turbulence. In the main part the author presents findings from his numerical studies on astrophysical turbulence and discusses the astrophysical implications. He also explains in detail the numerical schemes utilized. Readers will find that this book offers a compact yet comprehensive introduction.




Space and Astrophysical Plasma Simulation


Book Description

This book is a collection of contributions covering the major subjects in numerical simulation of space and astrophysical plasma. It introduces the different approaches and methods to model plasma, the necessary computational codes, and applications in the field. The book is rooted in the previous work Space Plasma Simulation (Springer, 2003) and includes the latest developments. It is divided into three parts and all chapters start with an introduction motivating the topic and its use in research and ends with a discussion of its applications. The chapters of the first part contain tutorials of the different basic approaches needed to perform space plasma simulations. This part is particularly useful for graduate students to master the subject. The second part presents more advanced materials for students and researchers who already work with pre-existing codes but want to implement the recent progresses made in the field. The last part of the book discusses developments in the area for researchers who are actively working on advanced simulation approaches like higher order schemes and artificial intelligence, agent-based technologies for multiscale and multi-dimensional systems, which represent the recent innovative contributions made in space plasma research.




High Performance Computing in Science and Engineering, Garching/Munich 2009


Book Description

The Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (LRZ) and the Bavarian Competence Network for Technical and Scienti?c High Performance Computing (KONWIHR) publish in the present book results of numerical simulations facilitated by the High P- formance Computer System in Bavaria (HLRB II) within the last two years. The papers were presented at the Fourth Joint HLRB and KONWIHR Review and - sult Workshop in Garching on 8th and 9th December 2009, and were selected from all progress reports of projects that use the HLRB II. Similar to the workshop two years ago, the majority of the contributed papers belong to the area of computational ?uid dynamics (CFD), condensed matter physics, astrophysics, chemistry, computer sciences and high-energy physics. We note a considerable increase of the user c- munity in some areas: Compared to 2007, the number of papers increased from 6 to 12 in condensed matter physics and from 2 to 5 in high-energy physics. Bio s- ences contributed only one paper in 2007, but four papers in 2009. This indicates that the area of application of supercomputers is continuously growing and entering new ?elds of research. The year 2007 saw two major events of particular importance for the LRZ. First, after a substantial upgrade with dual-core processors the SGI Altix 4700 superc- puter reached a peak performance of more than 62 Tera?op/s. And second, the n- pro?t organization Gauss Centre for Supercomputing e. V. (GCS) was founded on April 13th.







Magnetotails in the Solar System


Book Description

All magnetized planets in our solar system (Mercury, Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) interact strongly with the solar wind and possess well developed magnetotails. It is not only the strongly magnetized planets that have magnetotails. Mars and Venus have no global intrinsic magnetic field, yet they possess induced magnetotails. Comets have magnetotails that are formed by the draping of the interplanetary magnetic field. In the case of planetary satellites (moons), the magnetotail refers to the wake region behind the satellite in the flow of either the solar wind or the magnetosphere of its parent planet. The largest magnetotail of all in our solar system is the heliotail, the “magnetotail” of the heliosphere. The variety of solar wind conditions, planetary rotation rates, ionospheric conductivity, and physical dimensions provide an outstanding opportunity to extend our understanding of the influence of these factors on magnetotail processes and structures. Volume highlights include: Discussion on why a magnetotail is a fundamental problem of magnetospheric physics Unique collection of tutorials on a large range of magnetotails in our solar system In-depth reviews comparing magnetotail processes at Earth with other magnetotail structures found throughout the heliosphere Collectively, Magnetotails in the Solar System brings together for the first time in one book a collection of tutorials and current developments addressing different types of magnetotails. As a result, this book should appeal to a broad community of space scientists, and it should also be of interest to astronomers who are looking at tail-like structures beyond our solar system.




Coronal Magnetometry


Book Description

Magnetism defines the complex and dynamic solar corona. It determines the magnetic loop structure that dominates images of the corona, and stores the energy necessary to drive coronal eruptive phenomena and flare explosions. At great heights the corona transitions into the ever-outflowing solar wind, whose speed and three-dimensional morphology are controlled by the global coronal magnetic field. Coronal magnetism is thus at the heart of any understanding of the nature of the corona, and essential for predictive capability of how the Sun affects the Earth. Coronal magnetometry is a subject that requires a concerted effort to draw together the different strands of research happening around the world. Each method provides some information about the field, but none of them can be used to determine the full 3D field structure in the full volume of the corona. Thus, we need to combine them to understand the full picture. The purpose of this Frontiers Research Topic on Coronal Magnetometry is to provide a forum for comparing and coordinating these research methods, and for discussing future opportunities.




Stellar Magnetism


Book Description

Ongoing studies in mathematical depth, and inferences from `helioseismological' observations of the internal solar rotation have shown up the limitations in our knowledge of the solar interior and of our understanding of the solar dynamo, manifested in particular by the sunspot cycle, the Maunder minimum, and solar flares. This second edition retains the identical overall structure as the first edition, but is designed so as to be self-contained with the early chapters presenting the basic physics and mathematics underlying cosmical magnetohydrodynamics, followed by studies of the specific applications appropriate for a book devoted to a central area in astrophysics.