Old Potions, New Bottles


Book Description

Old Potions, New Bottles Is A Study Of How Indigenous Medical Learning And Practices Were Recast And Reformulated With The Coming Of Western Medicine And Western Medical Ideas Through Colonial Rule.Analysing Local Responses To Global Enforcements In A Specific Yet Massive Terrain Namely, Colonial Punjab Kavita Sivaramakrishnan Explores The Processes By Which This Region S Ayurvedic Practitioners And Publicists Set About Reordering Ideas And Mobilising Networks In Response To The Claims Of Western Medicine And Its Implicit Validation Of Colonial Rule. She Shows That Vaid Practitioners Engaged With The Scientific Authority Of Western Medicine In The Colony Through Writings And Other Efforts In A Print-Based Public Sphere. Facing Both Threat And Competition, Local Practitioners Were Forced To Address And Propagate New Forms Of Medical Reason To Legitimise And Revalidate The Indigenous Scientific Basis Of Their Learning. In Part, This Meant Reinterpreting Ayurved S Claims To Status And Authority.This Book Also Explores The Engagements Between Ayurved And Yunani Indigenous Practices, Thereby Looking Beyond The Confining Binaries Of Asian And Western Medical Systems. It Argues For An Understanding Of The Contextual Politics Of Indigenous Medicine As A Fluid And Complex Body Of Ideas As Well As Representations Of Religious Identities And Linguistic Alignments. Vaid Claims To Patronage And Representation Now Meant Nothing Less Than Recasting Vaid Identity In Punjab; And This Was Marked By Irregular Alignments And Multiple Imaginings. In Showing This, The Author Suggests New Perspectives On Hindu Reformist Politics, Its Ambiguities And Fractures. Patrons And Publicists In The Medical Public Sphere Were Forging New Forms Of Sikh Community Identity And A Hindu Nation-In-The-Making, Even As They Were, Simultaneously And Disparately, Projecting An Altered Vocabulary Of Ayurvedic Learning In Hindi And Gurmukhi.Drawing Upon Years Of Fieldwork Across Punjab, Kavita Sivaramakrishnan Examines, Alongside The Standard Archives, A Vast Number Of Vernacular Pamphlets, Tracts And Magazines Many For The First Time. This Is Supplemented And Enriched By Interviews With Ayurvedic Practitioners And Families Of Hereditary Practitioners, As Well As Data From Private Collections And Diaries That Have Never Been Accessed Until Now.




Old Potions, New Bottles


Book Description

Old Potions, New Bottles Is A Study Of How Indigenous Medical Learning And Practices Were Recast And Reformulated With The Coming Of Western Medicine And Western Medical Ideas Through Colonial Rule.Analysing Local Responses To Global Enforcements In A Specific Yet Massive Terrain Namely, Colonial Punjab Kavita Sivaramakrishnan Explores The Processes By Which This Region S Ayurvedic Practitioners And Publicists Set About Reordering Ideas And Mobilising Networks In Response To The Claims Of Western Medicine And Its Implicit Validation Of Colonial Rule. She Shows That Vaid Practitioners Engaged With The Scientific Authority Of Western Medicine In The Colony Through Writings And Other Efforts In A Print-Based Public Sphere. Facing Both Threat And Competition, Local Practitioners Were Forced To Address And Propagate New Forms Of Medical Reason To Legitimise And Revalidate The Indigenous Scientific Basis Of Their Learning. In Part, This Meant Reinterpreting Ayurved S Claims To Status And Authority.This Book Also Explores The Engagements Between Ayurved And Yunani Indigenous Practices, Thereby Looking Beyond The Confining Binaries Of Asian And Western Medical Systems. It Argues For An Understanding Of The Contextual Politics Of Indigenous Medicine As A Fluid And Complex Body Of Ideas As Well As Representations Of Religious Identities And Linguistic Alignments. Vaid Claims To Patronage And Representation Now Meant Nothing Less Than Recasting Vaid Identity In Punjab; And This Was Marked By Irregular Alignments And Multiple Imaginings. In Showing This, The Author Suggests New Perspectives On Hindu Reformist Politics, Its Ambiguities And Fractures. Patrons And Publicists In The Medical Public Sphere Were Forging New Forms Of Sikh Community Identity And A Hindu Nation-In-The-Making, Even As They Were, Simultaneously And Disparately, Projecting An Altered Vocabulary Of Ayurvedic Learning In Hindi And Gurmukhi.Drawing Upon Years Of Fieldwork Across Punjab, Kavita Sivaramakrishnan Examines, Alongside The Standard Archives, A Vast Number Of Vernacular Pamphlets, Tracts And Magazines Many For The First Time. This Is Supplemented And Enriched By Interviews With Ayurvedic Practitioners And Families Of Hereditary Practitioners, As Well As Data From Private Collections And Diaries That Have Never Been Accessed Until Now.




Pandemics and Literature


Book Description

This volume provides a literary-cum-historiographical analysis of epidemics and pandemics. It looks at folklore, tribal folktales, eyewitness accounts, memoirs and missionary writings from India and the west to explore the history of some of the major outbreaks in history. The chapters focus on the impact of outbreaks such as plague, cholera, malaria, tuberculosis and COVID-19, upon the material life of people, their social dislocation and their complex responses to such crises. The book studies the role of pandemics in pushing scientists, social actors and littérateurs to develop new paradigms in knowledge generation, theories of environmental dislocation and the economic slide. It examines themes such as changes in the perception of epidemic diseases across different periods of history, popular responses to state intervention during epidemics, gendering epidemics, as well as the impact of rumours during epidemics. An important contribution to the social history of health and medicine, the volume will be useful for students and researchers of cultural studies and medical anthropology, public health, literature, history of pandemics and epidemics, sociology of medicine and South Asian studies.




Recipes for Immortality


Book Description

Despite the global spread of Western medical practice, traditional doctors still thrive in the modern world. In Recipes for Immortality, Richard Weiss illuminates their continued success by examining the ways in which siddha medical practitioners in Tamil South India win the trust and patronage of patients. While biomedicine might alleviate a patient's physical distress, siddha doctors offer their clientele much more: affiliation to a timeless and pure community, the fantasy of a Tamil utopia, and even the prospect of immortality. They speak of a golden age of Tamil civilization and of traditional medicine, drawing on broader revivalist formulations of a pure and ancient Tamil community. Weiss analyzes the success of siddha doctors, focusing on how they have successfully garnered authority and credibility. While shedding light on their lives, vocations, and aspirations, Weiss also documents the challenges that siddha doctors face in the modern world, both from a biomedical system that claims universal efficacy, and also from the rival traditional medicine, ayurveda, which is promoted as the national medicine of an autonomous Indian state. Drawing on ethnographic data; premodern Tamil texts on medicine, alchemy, and yoga; government archival resources; college textbooks; and popular literature on siddha medicine and on the siddhar yogis, he presents an in-depth study of this traditional system of knowledge, which serves the medical needs of millions of Indians. Weiss concludes with a look at traditional medicine at large, and demonstrates that siddha doctors, despite resent trends toward globalization and biomedicine, reflect the wider political and religious dimensions of medical discourse in our modern world. Recipes for Immortality proves that medical authority is based not only on physical effectiveness, but also on imaginative processes that relate to personal and social identities, conceptions of history, secrecy, loss, and utopian promise.




Mainstreaming Ayurveda


Book Description

This book brings concepts, practices of Ayurveda and its interface with modern health care set-up in Delhi, India. It presents a new conceptual framework in studying public health in India, offers policy recommendations and outlines the challenges of mainstreaming of alternative medical systems in India. Drawing on a wealth of primary data that looks at the social profile of patients, gender, disease profile of patients, prescriptions, average cost per prescription and kinds of medicines prescribed, the monograph explores patterns of health behaviour through the perceptions of doctors and patients, administrators and their negotiations with the bureaucratic health structure. It analyses the power and structures between practitioners of modern medicine and Ayurvedic doctors and the issues of cross referral and formal and informal levels of interaction/network between the two medical systems. Engaging with current debates around public health in India, the volume will be of interest to scholars and researchers of public health and sociology of health and medicine, public policy and public administration and South Asian studies.




A Global History of Medicine


Book Description

In recent decades, there has been considerable interest in writing histories of medicine that capture local, regional, and global dimensions of health and health care in the same frame. Exploring changing patterns of disease and different systems of medicine across continents and countries, A Global History of Medicine provides a rich introduction to this emergent field. The introductory chapter addresses the challenges of writing the history of medicine across space and time and suggests ways in which tracing the entangled histories of the patchworks of practice that have constituted medicine allow us to understand how healing traditions are always plural, permeable, and shaped by power and privilege. Written by scholars from around the world and accompanied by suggestions for further reading, individual chapters explore historical developments in health, medicine, and disease in China, the Islamic World, North and Latin America, Africa, South-east Asia, Western and Eastern Europe, and Australia and New Zealand. The final chapter focuses on smallpox eradication and reflects on the sources and methods necessary to integrate local and global dimensions of medicine more effectively. Collectively, the contributions to A Global History of Medicine will not only be invaluable to undergraduate and postgraduate students seeking to expand their knowledge of health and medicine across time, but will also provide a constructive theoretical and empirical platform for future scholarship.




Unforgotten


Book Description

As life expectancy increases in India, the number of people living with dementia will also rise. Yet little is known about how people in India cope with dementia, how relationships and identities change through illness and loss. In addressing this question, this book offers a rich ethnographic account of how middle-class families in urban India care for their relatives with dementia. From the husband who wakes up at 3 am to feed his wife ice-cream to the daughters who gave up employment for seven years to care for their mother with dementia, this book illuminates the local idioms on dementia and aging, the personal experience of care-giving, the functioning of stigma in daily life, and the social and cultural barriers in accessing support.




Ayurveda Made Modern


Book Description

This book explores the ways in which Ayurveda, the oldest medical tradition of the Indian subcontinent, was transformed from a composite of 'ancient' medical knowledge into a 'modern' medical system, suited to the demands posed by apparatuses of health developed in late colonial India.




Progress and pathology


Book Description

This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. This collaborative volume explores changing perceptions of health and disease in the context of the burgeoning global modernities of the nineteenth century. With case studies from Britain, America, France, Germany, Finland, Bengal, China and the South Pacific, it demonstrates how popular and medical understandings of the mind and body were reframed by the social, cultural and political structures of ‘modern life’. Essays within the collection examine ways in which cancer, suicide, and social degeneration were seen as products of the stresses and strains of ‘new’ ways of living. Others explore the legal, institutional, and intellectual changes that contributed to modern medical practice. The volume traces ways that physiological and psychological problems were being constituted in relation to each other, and to their social contexts, and offers new ways of contextualising the problems of modernity facing us in the twenty-first century.




Global Forensic Cultures


Book Description

Essays explore forensic science in global and historical context, opening a critical window onto contemporary debates about the universal validity of present-day genomic forensic practices. Contemporary forensic science has achieved unprecedented visibility as a compelling example of applied expertise. But the common public view—that we are living in an era of forensic deliverance, one exemplified by DNA typing—has masked the reality: that forensic science has always been unique, problematic, and contested. Global Forensic Cultures aims to rectify this problem by recognizing the universality of forensic questions and the variety of practices and institutions constructed to answer them. Groundbreaking essays written by leaders in the field address the complex and contentious histories of forensic techniques. Contributors also examine the co-evolution of these techniques with the professions creating and using them, with the systems of governance and jurisprudence in which they are used, and with the socioeconomic, political, racial, and gendered settings of that use. Exploring the profound effect of "location" (temporal and spatial) on the production and enactment of forms of forensic knowledge during the century before CSI became a household acronym, the book explores numerous related topics, including the notion of burden of proof, changing roles of experts and witnesses, the development and dissemination of forensic techniques and skills, the financial and practical constraints facing investigators, and cultures of forensics and of criminality within and against which forensic practitioners operate. Covering sites of modern and historic forensic innovation in the United States, Europe, and farther-flung imperial and global settings, these essays tell stories of blood, poison, corpses; tracking persons and attesting documents; truth-making, egregious racism, and sinister surveillance. Each chapter is a finely grained case study. Collectively, Global Forensic Cultures supplies a historical foundation for the critical appraisal of contemporary forensic institutions which has begun in the wake of DNA-based exonerations. Contributors: Bruno Bertherat, José Ramón Bertomeu Sánchez, Binyamin Blum, Ian Burney, Marcus B. Carrier, Simon A. Cole, Christopher Hamlin, Jeffrey Jentzen, Projit Bihari Mukharji, Quentin (Trais) Pearson, Mitra Sharafi, Gagan Preet Singh, Heather Wolffram