Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions 2016


Book Description

The AREAER provides a description of the foreign exchange arrangements, exchange and trade systems, and capital controls of all IMF Member countries.




Hydrogen-Based Energy Conversion


Book Description

This book consists of the nine sections: i) the first three sections are related to polymeric electrolyte composites; ii) the next two sections relate to gas diffusion layers (GDLs); iii) the next two sections relate to membrane¬–electrode assembly (MEA); iv) and the final two sections deal with the numerical simulation of flow fields for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). All sections describe recent results of the study of the main components of PEFC stacks. The studies provide the underlying material, electrochemical, and/or mechanical aspects that enhance the mass transport of gas, ions (liquid), and electrons for a better performance of PEFCs and the electrochemical reactions at the triple-phase boundary in electrodes. Each study offers the fundamentals, a comprehensive background, and cutting-edge technology on the aforementioned materials and mass transport phenomena.




Indonesia


Book Description

This paper discusses key findings of the Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP) covering the transparency of monetary policy in the Republic of Indonesia. There is a reasonably high degree of transparency in Indonesia’s monetary policy, with much progress having been made over the last decade. The paper highlights that the adoption of an inflation targeting (IT) framework in 2005 significantly enhanced the effectiveness of Bank Indonesia in conveying its objective to the wider public.




Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions 2017


Book Description

The Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions has been published by the IMF since 1950. It draws on information available to the IMF from a number of sources, including that provided in the course of official staff visits to member countries, and has been prepared in close consultation with national authorities.




Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions 2022


Book Description

The AREAER provides a comprehensive description of restrictions on international trade and payments, capital controls, and measures implemented in the financial sector, including prudential measures that may affect capital flows for all IMF members. It also provides information on the classification of their exchange rate arrangements, operation of foreign exchange markets, restrictions on current international payments and transfers and multiple currency practices subject to the IMF’s jurisdiction in accordance with Article VIII. Descriptions of individual member countries are available at AREAER Online.




Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction


Book Description

Since the Second World War, the field of ion exchange has taken a dominant role in offering solutions to many problems in the developed and developing world. It has evolved to a wide array of applications, including mining, microelectronics, drug delivery and detection, food, fertilizers, chemical cleaning, catalysis, bioseparation, water management, environmental research and practices, and energy. The six chapters in this book represent diverse contributions from researchers around the globe who are making noticeable strides in the field in currently important areas: Brackish water desalination Removing boron from water Sustainable approaches for synthesizing commercially important epoxide building blocks Solid-phase heavy-metal separation Separating concentrated ion mixtures in sorption columns Sensing toxic metals Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction: A Series of Advances, Volume 22 provides a focused review of new materials and new processes that have developed and are rapidly growing. It describes cutting-edge research and practices in the use of ion exchange for building a cleaner, sustainable world and provides thoughtful insights on what ion exchange may do for us in the future.




Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions 2018


Book Description

The Annual Report on Exchange Arrangements and Exchange Restrictions has been published by the IMF since 1950. It draws on information available to the IMF from a number of sources, including that provided in the course of official staff visits to member countries, and has been prepared in close consultation with national authorities.




DYNAMICS OF ISLAMIC FINANCE PRODUCTS AND CONTRACTS IN INDONESIA


Book Description

“Bank Indonesia terus berupaya mendukung pengembangan keuangan syariah melalui blueprint dengan pembentukan lima pilar strategis: Pengembangan produk dan pasar keuangan syariah, pengembangan sumber daya manusia, memperkuat kerangka kerja, pembiayaan untuk sektor riil dan UMKM serta mempromosikan struktur industri yang lebih efisien dan berpartisipasi dalam keuangan syariah global. Lahirnya buku Dinamika Produk dan Akad Keuangan Syariah di Indonesia ini tentu sejalan dengan upaya tersebut.” Agus D.W. Martowardojo Governor of Bank Indonesia “No doubt, Islam is a system and way of life which is intact and unified. It is not just a torch to truth and salvation, but also a complete guide to all aspects of life in this world, including in the financial sector. Publication of the book entitled The Dynamics of Islamic Financial Products and Contracts in Indonesia is one such proof. Islam emphasizes the ‘dualism of piousness’; pious in terms of spirituality and financial matters, and clearly the book is one of the ‘white paper’ that everyone should read” KH. Ma’ruf Amin The Chief of Indonesian Ulama Council




Nanostructured Materials for Next-Generation Energy Storage and Conversion


Book Description

Volume 1 of a 4-volume series is a concise, authoritative and an eminently readable and enjoyable experience related to hydrogen production, storage and usage for portable and stationary power. Although the major focus is on hydrogen, discussion of fossil fuels and nuclear power is also presented where appropriate. This monograph is written by recognized experts in the field, and is both timely and appropriate as this decade will see application of hydrogen as an energy carrier, for example in transportation sector. The world's reliance on fossil fuels is due to the ever growing need for energy to sustain life and on-going progress; however exploitation also brings consequences such as emission of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur dioxides into the atmosphere. The collective influence of these photochemical gases is production of acid rain and an alternation of global temperatures, leading to record high temperatures in many parts of the world. The fossil fuel is unsustainable and thus there is a critical need for alternative sustainable energy resources. One universal energy carrier is hydrogen, which is the focus of this volume. This book is suitable for those who work in the energy field as technical experts, including engineers and scientists, as well as managers, policy and decision-makers, environmentalists and consultants. Students and practitioners such as lectures, teachers, legislators and their aids in the field of energy will find this book invaluable and a practical handbook or guide in the field of sustainable energy with emphasis on hydrogen as an energy carrier.