Book Description

This annual compilation presents four papers on different aspects of the history of higher education in Europe and the United States. The first paper is "The Rights of Man and the Rites of Youth: Fraternity and Riot at Eighteenth Century Harvard" by Leon Jackson. This paper argues that the lines of division in the student body at eighteenth-century Harvard were drawn between two competing understandings of friendship and association prevalent during this period and analyzes social order and disorder in the college between 1788 and 1794. The second paper is "The Era of Multipurpose Colleges in American Higher Education, 1850-1890 by Roger L. Geiger. This paper focuses on small multipurpose colleges and the demographic and economic factors which encourages both their rise and eventual decline from 1850 to 1890. The third paper is titled: "A "Curious Working of Cross Purposes" in the Founding of the University of Chicago" by Willard J. Pugh. It reviews the founding negotiations among various groups wishing to found a first class Baptist university; the roles of such individuals as John D. Rockefeller and William Rainey Harper; and the institution's early commitment to research. The fourth paper is "Patterns of Access to the Modern European Universities: The Social Origins of Students" by Fritz Ringer. This paper critiques the assumption that expanded enrollment since the early nineteenth century was a reflection of democratization and provides data from Germany, France, England, and Scotland to support a two-stage process of expanded schooling in which little increased access to the most favored occupations results. Also provided is a review essay by W. Bruce Leslie, "The Academic Revolution Across Three Cultures,". An annotated list of recent dissertations in the field is included. Each of the four major papers contains extensive reference notes. (DB)