Contamination Control and Cleanrooms


Book Description

Contamination control standards and techniques for all phases of the production of high-technology products are spelled out in this applications-orientated guide. Practical cleaning methods for products and process fluids are accompanied by tips on selecting operations based on economy and efficiency. Explanations of contaminant measurement devices cover operation, error sources and remedial methods. Engineers will find vital data on contaminant sources, as well as coverage of operations and procedures that aggravate contaminant effects.




Plans and Practices for Groundwater Protection at the Los Alamos National Laboratory


Book Description

The world's first nuclear bomb was a developed in 1954 at a site near the town of Los Alamos, New Mexico. Designated as the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in 1981, the 40-square-mile site is today operated by Log Alamos National Security LLC under contract to the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Like other sites in the nation's nuclear weapons complex, the LANL site harbors a legacy of radioactive waste and environmental contamination. Radioactive materials and chemical contaminants have been detected in some portions of the groundwater beneath the site. Under authority of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the State of New Mexico regulates protection of its water resources through the New Mexico Environment Department (NMED). In 1995 NMED found LANL's groundwater monitoring program to be inadequate. Consequently LANL conducted a detailed workplan to characterize the site's hydrogeology in order to develop an effective monitoring program. The study described in Plans and Practices for Groundwater Protection at the Los Alamos National Laboratory: Final Report was initially requested by NNSA, which turned to the National Academies for technical advice and recommendations regarding several aspects of LANL's groundwater protection program. The DOE Office of Environmental Management funded the study. The study came approximately at the juncture between completion of LANL's hydrogeologic workplan and initial development of a sitewide monitoring plan.




Biocontamination Control for Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare


Book Description

Biocontamination Control for Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare outlines a biocontamination strategy that tracks bio-burden control and reduction at each transition in classified areas of a facility. The first edition of the book covered many of the aspects of the strategy, but the new official guidance signals that a roadmap is required to fully comply with its requirements. Completely updated with the newest version of the EU-GPM (EN17141) the new edition expands the coverage of quality risk management and new complete examples to help professionals bridge the gap between regulation and implementation. Biocontamination Control for Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare offers professionals in pharma quality control and related areas guidance on building a complete biocontamination strategy. - Includes the most current regulations - Contains three new chapters, including Application of Quality Risk Management and its Application in Biocontamination Control, Designing an Environmental Monitoring Programme, and Synthesis: An Anatomy of a Contamination Control Strategy - Offers practical guidance on building a complete biocontamination strategy




Surface Contamination


Book Description

Surface Contamination presents the proceedings of first International Symposium on Surface Contamination, held at Gatlinburg, Tennessee in June 1964. The meeting discusses the potential hazards brought about by noxious contaminants on surfaces; the effects of contamination to human health and safety; and the integrity of scientific and technical machinery and products in meeting the exacting requirements. The book contains the work of experts from different technical and administrative disciplines. Areas covered include fundamental research on redispersible and evaporable contamination, including radioactive, biological, chemical, and abrasive contaminants. Administrative and technical problems on radioactive surface contamination control criteria; measurement techniques; environmental control of surface contamination; dissemination of airborne microorganisms; radioactive contamination control applications; biological and chemical surface contamination; insurance and economics; and decontamination are tackled as well. The text will be a good source of information for ecologists, environmentalists, chemists, biologists, students, and policymakers.













Contamination and ESD Control in High-Technology Manufacturing


Book Description

A practical "how to" guide that effectively deals with the control of both contamination and ESD This book offers effective strategies and techniques for contamination and electrostatic discharge (ESD) control that can be implemented in a wide range of high-technology industries, including semiconductor, disk drive, aerospace, pharmaceutical, medical device, automobile, and food production manufacturing. The authors set forth a new and innovative methodology that can manage both contamination and ESD, often considered to be mutually exclusive challenges requiring distinct strategies. Beginning with two general chapters on the fundamentals of contamination and ESD control, the book presents a logical progression of topics that collectively build the necessary skills and knowledge: Analysis methods for solving contamination and ESD problems Building the contamination and ESD control environment, including design and construction of cleanrooms and ESD protected environments Cleaning processes and the equipment needed to support these processes Tooling design and certification Continuous monitoring Consumable supplies and packaging materials Controlling contamination and ESD originating from people Management of cleanrooms and ESD protected workplace environments Contamination and ESD Control in High-Technology Manufacturing conveys a practical, working knowledge of contamination and ESD control strategies and techniques, and it is filled with case studies that illustrate key principles and the benefits of contamination and ESD control. Moreover, its straightforward style makes the material, which integrates many disciplines of engineering and science, clear and accessible. Written by three leading industry experts, this book is an essential guide for engineers and designers across the many industries where contamination and ESD control is a concern.




Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning, Volume 7


Book Description

As device sizes in the semiconductor industries are shrinking, they become more vulnerable to smaller contaminant particles, and most conventional cleaning techniques employed in the industry are not as effective at smaller scales. The book series Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning as a whole provides an excellent source of information on these alternative cleaning techniques as well as methods for characterization and validation of surface contamination. Each volume has a particular topical focus, covering the key techniques and recent developments in the area. The chapters in this Volume address the sources of surface contaminants and various methods for their collection and characterization, as well as methods for cleanliness validation. Regulatory aspects of cleaning are also covered. The collection of topics in this book is unique and complements other volumes in this series. Edited by the leading experts in small-scale particle surface contamination, cleaning and cleaning control, these books will be an invaluable reference for researchers and engineers in R&D, manufacturing, quality control and procurement specification situated in a multitude of industries such as: aerospace, automotive, biomedical, defense, energy, manufacturing, microelectronics, optics and xerography. Provides a state-of-the-art survey and best-practice guidance for scientists and engineers engaged in surface cleaning or handling the consequences of surface contamination Addresses the continuing trends of shrinking device size and contamination vulnerability in a range of industries, spearheaded by the semiconductor industry and others Includes new regulatory aspects




Biosafety in the Laboratory


Book Description

Biosafety in the Laboratory is a concise set of practical guidelines for handling and disposing of biohazardous material. The consensus of top experts in laboratory safety, this volume provides the information needed for immediate improvement of safety practices. It discusses high- and low-risk biological agents (including the highest-risk materials handled in labs today), presents the "seven basic rules of biosafety," addresses special issues such as the shipping of dangerous materials, covers waste disposal in detail, offers a checklist for administering laboratory safetyâ€"and more.