Transport Processes in the Middle Atmosphere


Book Description

The NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Transport Processes in the Middle Atmosphere" was held in Erice, Sicily, from November 23 through November 27, 1986. In addition to NATO, the workshop was supported by the International School of Atmospheric Physics of the Ettore Majorana Center for Scientific Culture, and by the National Research Council of Italy. The Organizing Committee was fortunate to enlist the participation of many of the experts in the field, and this book is an account of their contributions. In order to expedite publication and keep the results "as fresh as possible" , it was decided to forego formal review of the papers; instead, the authors were asked to solicit internal reviews from their colleagues. Further, each paper was thoroughly discussed and criticized during the meeting, and those discussions have been taken into account in the preparation of the final version of the manuscripts. Occasional short presentations were made by some of the Workshop participants who wished to provide information complementary to that given in the invited talks. These presentations are not included in this book, which contains only the invited papers. The book is organized into five chapters corresponding to the different topics cov ered by the Workshop. The first two chapters contain general reviews of the dynamical climatology of the middle atmosphere and of the growing body of data available on the dis tribution of chemical constituents.







Dynamics, Transport and Photochemistry in the Middle Atmosphere of the Southern Hemisphere


Book Description

The NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Dynamics, Transport am. Photochemistry in the Middle Atmosphere of the Southern Hemisphere" was held in San Francisco, California, U.S.A., 15-17 April 1989. In addition to NATO, the workshop was supported by the University of California, Los Angeles, and by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, U.S.A. (NASA). The American Meteorological Society was a co-operating organization. The venue for the workshop was the Lone Mountain Conference Center of the University of San Francisco. The workshop was organized and directed by Dr A.O'Neill (Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research, Meteorological Office, Bracknell, U.K.) and Prof C.R. Mechoso (Dept of Atmospheric Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, U.S.A.). The workshop was the third one held as part of the Middle Atmosphere in the Southern Hemisphere (MASH) project, an international effort (under the auspices of the Middle Atmosphere Program) to learn more about dynamics, transport and photochemistry in the middle atmosphere of the southern hemisphere. Before the discovery that, during recent years, a dramatic thinning of the ozone layer takes place over Antarctica in spring - the "ozone hole" - the middle atmosphere of the southern hemisphere had received much less attention than that of the northern hemisphere from meteorologists and atmospheric chemists. The MASH project was instituted to remedy this comparative lack of interest.




Atmospheric Ozone, 1985


Book Description







Middle Atmosphere


Book Description

PAGEOPH, stratosphere, these differences provide us with new evidence, interpretation of which can materially help to advance our understanding of stratospheric dynamics in general. It is now weil established that smaller-scale motions-in particular gravity waves and turbulence-are of fundamental importance in the general circulation of the mesosphere; they seem to be similarly, if less spectacularly, significant in the troposphere, and probably also in the stratosphere. Our understanding of these motions, their effects on the mean circulation and their mutual interactions is progressing rapidly, as is weil illustrated by the papers in this issue; there are reports of observational studies, especially with new instruments such as the Japanese MV radar, reviews of the state of theory, a laboratory study and an analysis of gravity waves and their effects in the high resolution "SKYHI" general circulation model. There are good reasons to suspect that gravity waves may be of crucial significance in making the stratospheric circulation the way it is (modeling experience being one suggestive piece of evidence for this). Direct observational proof has thus far been prevented by the difficulty of making observations of such scales of motion in this region; in one study reported here, falling sphere observations are used to obtain information on the structure and intensity of waves in the upper stratosphere.




The Long-Range Atmospheric Transport of Natural and Contaminant Substances


Book Description

Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on The Long-Range Atmospheric Transport of Natural and Contaminant Substances from Continent to Ocean and Continent to Continent, St. Georges, Bermuda, January 10-17, 1988




Paleoclimatology and Paleometeorology: Modern and Past Patterns of Global Atmospheric Transport


Book Description

The NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Paleoclimatology and Paleometeorology: Modem and Past Patterns of Global Atmospheric Transport" (held at Oracle, Arizona, USA from November 17-19, 1987) brought together atmospheric chemists, physicists, and meteorologists who study the origin and transport of modem-day mineral and biological aerosols with geologists and paleobotanists who study the sedimentary record of eolian and hydrologic processes along with modelers who study and conceptualize the processes influencing atmospheric transport at present and in the past. Presentations at the workshop provided a guide to our present knowledge of the entire spectrum of processes and phenomena important to the generation, transport, and deposition of eolian terrigenous material that ultimately becomes part of the geologic record and the modeling techniques that used to represent these processes. The presenta tions on the geologic record of eolian deposition documented our present understanding of the na~e and causes of climate change on time scales of the last glacial ages (tens of thousands of years) to time scales over which the arrangement of continents, mountains, and oceans has changed sub stantially (tens of millions of years). There has been a growing recognition of the importance of global climatic changes to the future well-being of humanity. In particular, the climatic response to human alterations to the earth's surface and chemical composition has led to concern over the agricultural, ecological, and societal impacts of such potential global changes.







Physics and Chemistry of Upper Atmosphere


Book Description

This book contains the lecmres presented at the Summer Advanced Study Institute, 'Physics and Chemistry of Upper Atmospheres' which was held at the University of Orleans, Orleans, France, during the period July 31 through August 11,1972. One hundred thirty nine persons from 14 different countries attended the Institute. The authors and the publisher have made a special effort for rapid publication of an up-to-date status of the particles, fields, and processes in the earth's magnetosphere, which is an ever changing area. Special thanks are due to the lecturers for their diligent preparation and excellent presentations. The individual lectures and the published papers were deliberately limited; the authors' cooperation in conforming to these specifications is greatly appreciated. The contents of the book are organized by sub ject area rather than in the order in which papers were presented during the Institute. Many thanks are due to Warren Berning, Donald M. Hunten, Edward Llewellyn, J. Ortner, Henry Rishbeth, Harold I Schiff, Lance Thomas, Alister Vallance Jones, and Gilbert Weill, who served as session chairmen during the Institute and contributed greatly to its success by skillfully directing the discussion period in a stimulating manner after each lecture.




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