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A Critical Understanding of Artificial Intelligence: A Phenomenological Foundation

Author : Algis Mickunas

Publisher : Bentham Science Publishers

Page : 264 pages

File Size : 24,64 MB

Release : 2023-02-22

Category : Philosophy

ISBN : 9815123416

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Book Description

Artificial intelligence (AI) is viewed as one of the technological advances that will reshape modern societies and their relations. While the design and deployment of systems that continually adapt hold the promise of far-reaching, positive change, they simultaneously pose significant risks, especially to already vulnerable people. This work explores the meaning of AI, and the important role of critical understanding and its phenomenological foundation in shaping its ongoing advances. The values, power, and magic of reason are central to this discussion. Critical theory has used historical hindsight to explain the patterns of power that shape our intellectual, political, economic, and social worlds, and the discourse on AI that surrounds these worlds. The authors also delve into niche topics in philosophy such as transcendental self-awareness, post-humanism, and concepts of space-time and computer logic. By embedding a critical phenomenological orientation within their technical practices, AI communities can develop foresight and tactics that can better align research and technology development with established ethical principles — centering vulnerable people who continue to bear the brunt of the negative impacts of innovation and scientific progress. The creation of a critical–technical practice of AI will lead to a permanent revolution in social, scientific, and political communities. The years ahead will usher in a wave of new scientific breakthroughs and technologies driven by AI research, making it incumbent upon AI communities to strengthen the social contract through ethical foresight, a capability which only phenomenology can deliver, ultimately supporting future technologies that enable greater well-being, with the goal of delivering practical truths. A Critical Understanding of Artificial Intelligence: A Phenomenological Foundation is an essential read for anyone interested in the complex debate and phenomenology surrounding AI and its growing role in our society.



Foundations of Artificial Intelligence

Author : David Kirsh

Publisher : MIT Press

Page : 370 pages

File Size : 31,65 MB

Release : 1992

Category : Computers

ISBN : 9780262610759

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Book Description

In the 11 contributions, theorists historically associated with each position identify the basic tenets of their position.Have the classical methods and ideas of AI outlived their usefulness? Foundations of Artificial Intelligence critically evaluates the fundamental assumptions underpinning the dominant approaches to AI. In the 11 contributions, theorists historically associated with each position identify the basic tenets of their position. They discuss the underlying principles, describe the natural types of problems and tasks in which their approach succeeds, explain where its power comes from, and what its scope and limits are. Theorists generally skeptical of these positions evaluate the effectiveness of the method or approach and explain why it works - to the extent they believe it does - and why it eventually fails.ContentsFoundations of AI: The Big Issues, D. Kirsh - Logic and Artificial Intelligence, N. J. Nilsson - Rigor Mortis: A Response to Nilsson's 'Logic and Artificial Intelligence, ' L. Birnbaum - Open Information Systems Semantics for Distributed Artificial Intelligence, C. Hewitt - Social Conceptions of Knowledge and Action: DAI Foundations and Open Systems Semantics, L. Gasser - Intelligence without Representation, R. A. Brooks - Today the Earwig, Tomorrow Man? D. Kirsh - On the Thresholds of Knowledge, D. B. Lenat, E. A. Feigenbaum - The Owl and the Electric Encyclopedia, B. C. Smith - A Preliminary Analysis of the Soar Architecture as a Basis for General Intelligence, P. S. Rosenbloom, J. E. Laird, A. Newell, R. McCarl - Approaches to the Study of Intelligence, D. A. Norman



Knowledge Management, Organizational Intelligence And Learning, And Complexity - Volume III

Author : L. Douglas Kiel

Publisher : EOLSS Publications

Page : 460 pages

File Size : 17,72 MB

Release : 2009-08-25

Category :

ISBN : 1905839138

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Book Description

Knowledge Management, Organizational Intelligence and Learning, and Complexity is the component of Encyclopedia of Technology, Information, and Systems Management Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Knowledge Management, Organizational Intelligence and Learning, and Complexity in the Encyclopedia of Technology, Information, and Systems Management Resources provides the latest scientific insights into the evolution of complexity in both the natural and social realms. Emerging perspectives from the fields of knowledge management, computer-based simulation and the organizational sciences are presented as tools for understanding and supporting this evolving complexity and the earth's life support systems. These three volumes are aimed at the following a wide spectrum of audiences from the merely curious to those seeking in-depth knowledge: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.



The Reception of Husserlian Phenomenology in North America

Author : Michela Beatrice Ferri

Publisher : Springer

Page : 486 pages

File Size : 35,48 MB

Release : 2019-06-05

Category : Philosophy

ISBN : 331999185X

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Book Description

This book presents a historiographical and theorical analysis of how Husserlian Phenomenology arrived and developed in North America. The chapters analyze the different phases of the reception of Edmund Husserl’s thought in the USA and Canada. The volume discusses the authors and universities that played a fundamental role in promoting Husserlian Phenomenology and clarifies their connection with American Philosophy, Pragmatism, and with Analytic Philosophy. Starting from the analysis of how the first American Scholars of Edmund Husserl's thought opened the door to the reception of his texts, the book explores the first encounters between Pragmatism and Husserlian Phenomenology in American Universities. The study focuses, then, on those Scholars who fled from Europe to America, from 1933 onwards, to escape Nazism - Felix Kaufmann, Alfred Schutz, Aron Gurwitsch, Herbert Spiegelberg, Fritz Kaufmann, among the most notable - and illustrates how their teaching provided the very basis for the spreading of Husserlian Phenomenology in North America. The volume examines, then, the action of the 20th Century North-American Husserl Scholars, together with those places, societies, centers, and journals, specifically created to represent the development of the studies devoted to Husserlian Phenomenology in the U.S., with a focus of the Regional Phenomenological Schools.



Phenomenology

Author : Walter Hopp

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 304 pages

File Size : 37,83 MB

Release : 2020-06-01

Category : Philosophy

ISBN : 1000069680

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Book Description

The central task of phenomenology is to investigate the nature of consciousness and its relations to objects of various types. The present book introduces students and other readers to several foundational topics of phenomenological inquiry, and illustrates phenomenology’s contemporary relevance. The main topics include consciousness, intentionality, perception, meaning, and knowledge. The book also contains critical assessments of Edmund Husserl’s phenomenological method. It argues that knowledge is the most fundamental mode of consciousness, and that the central theses constitutive of Husserl’s "transcendental idealism" are compatible with metaphysical realism regarding the objects of thought, perception, and knowledge. Helpful tools include introductions that help the reader segue from the previous chapter to the new one, chapter conclusions, and suggested reading lists of primary and some key secondary sources. Key Features: Elucidates and engages with contemporary work in analytic epistemology and philosophy of mind Provides clear prose explanations of the necessary distinctions and arguments required for understanding the subject Places knowledge at the center of phenomenological inquiry



Phenomenological Inquiry in Education

Author : Edwin Creely

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 305 pages

File Size : 25,25 MB

Release : 2020-12-28

Category : Education

ISBN : 1000334007

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Book Description

Phenomenological Inquiry in Education is an edited collection of 16 chapters that offers a fascinating and diverse range of approaches and views about phenomenological inquiry as applied in educational research. Written by a group of international scholars concerned about understanding lived experience, the editors assemble theoretical ideas, methodological approaches and empirical research to create a distinctive transdisciplinary outlook. Embodying many unique and useful insights the book provokes thought about the possibilities for phenomenology in contemporary educational research. The international contributors highlight what an exploration of lived experience can offer qualitative research and extend on methodologies commonly used in educational research. By grounding phenomenological inquiry in the complexities of doing research across discipline areas in education, the writers of the book forge links between theory and empirical research, and give their unique perspectives about how phenomenological ideas are being and might be employed in educational research. The book is thus carefully crafted to address both phenomenology as a philosophical tradition and its possibilities for educational research. This scholarly work will appeal to educational researchers, as well as those in broader social research. It taps into the growing international interest in phenomenological research in education which brings attention to lived experience and the highly important affective dimension of learning.



The Latent World of Architecture

Author : Dalibor Vesely

Publisher : Taylor & Francis

Page : 254 pages

File Size : 49,72 MB

Release : 2022-09-30

Category : Architecture

ISBN : 1000641708

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Book Description

This book features thirteen essays by the late architect, philosopher and teacher Dalibor Vesely (1934–2015). Vesely was a leading authority on philosophical hermeneutics and phenomenology in relation to architecture worldwide, and influenced a generation of thinkers, teachers and practitioners. This collection presents the full range of his writing, drawing primarily from the history of art and architecture, as well as philosophy, theology, anthropology and ecology, and spanning from early antiquity to modernism. It composes a multifaceted and globally relevant argument about the enduring cultural role of architecture and the significance of its history. The book, edited and introduced by Vesely’s teaching partner at Cambridge Peter Carl and former student Alexandra Stara, and with a foreword by David Leatherbarrow, brings to light new and hard-to-access material for those familiar with Vesely’s thought and, at the same time, offers a compelling introduction to his writing and its profound relevance for architecture and culture today.



Foundational Issues in Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science

Author : Mark H. Bickhard

Publisher : Elsevier

Page : 397 pages

File Size : 43,10 MB

Release : 1995-03-07

Category : Computers

ISBN : 0080867634

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Book Description

The book focuses on a conceptual flaw in contemporary artificial intelligence and cognitive science. Many people have discovered diverse manifestations and facets of this flaw, but the central conceptual impasse is at best only partially perceived. Its consequences, nevertheless, visit themselves asdistortions and failures of multiple research projects - and make impossible the ultimate aspirations of the fields. The impasse concerns a presupposition concerning the nature of representation - that all representation has the nature of encodings: encodingism. Encodings certainly exist, butencodingism is at root logically incoherent; any programmatic research predicted on it is doomed too distortion and ultimate failure. The impasse and its consequences - and steps away from that impasse - are explored in a large number of projects and approaches. These include SOAR, CYC, PDP, situated cognition, subsumption architecture robotics, and the frame problems - a general survey of the current research in AI and Cognitive Science emerges. Interactivism, an alternative model of representation, is proposed and examined.



Re-thinking E-learning Research

Author : Norm Friesen

Publisher : Peter Lang

Page : 282 pages

File Size : 32,10 MB

Release : 2009

Category : Computers

ISBN : 9781433101359

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Book Description

In the rapidly-changing world of the Internet and the Web, theory and research struggle to keep up with technological, social, and economic developments. In education in particular, a proliferation of novel practices, applications, and forms - from bulletin boards to Webcasts, from online educational games to open educational resources - have come to be addressed under the rubric of «e-learning». In response to these phenomena, Re-thinking E-Learning Research introduces a number of research frameworks and methodologies relevant to e-learning. The book outlines methods for the analysis of content, narrative, genre, discourse, hermeneutic-phenomenological investigation, and critical and historical inquiry. It provides examples of pairings of method and subject matter that include narrative research into the adaptation of blogs in a classroom setting; the discursive-psychological analysis of student conversations with artificially intelligent agents; a genre analysis of an online discussion; and a phenomenological study of online mathematics puzzles. Introducing practical applications and spanning a wide range of the possibilities for e-learning, this book will be useful for students, teachers, and researchers in e-learning.



Right to Dissent

Author : Øjvind Larsen

Publisher : Museum Tusculanum Press

Page : 381 pages

File Size : 13,70 MB

Release : 2009

Category : Language Arts & Disciplines

ISBN : 8763507692

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Book Description

"The ethics of dissent is developed in this book through a new interpretation of the German philosopher Jurgen Habermas's communicative ethics and political philosophy. Freedom, the right to dissent, and thoughtful critique are emphasized in the concept of negative discourse ethics. This critical perspective is integrated in a broader interpretation of Habermas's theory of communicative action and related to the classical traditions of political philosophy - represented by Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Hegel, Kierkegaard, and Rawls." --Book Jacket.