The Infrared Handbook


Book Description







Opto-Mechanical Systems Design, Volume 2


Book Description

Opto-Mechanical Systems Design, Fourth Edition is different in many ways from its three earlier editions: coauthor Daniel Vukobratovich has brought his broad expertise in materials, opto-mechanical design, analysis of optical instruments, large mirrors, and structures to bear throughout the book; Jan Nijenhuis has contributed a comprehensive new chapter on kinematics and applications of flexures; and several other experts in special aspects of opto-mechanics have contributed portions of other chapters. An expanded feature—a total of 110 worked-out design examples—has been added to several chapters to show how the theory, equations, and analytical methods can be applied by the reader. Finally, the extended text, new illustrations, new tables of data, and new references have warranted publication of this work in the form of two separate but closely entwined volumes. This second volume, Design and Analysis of Large Mirrors and Structures, concentrates on the design and mounting of significantly larger optics and their structures, including a new and important topic: detailed consideration of factors affecting large mirror performance. The book details how to design and fabricate very large single-substrate, segmented, and lightweight mirrors; describes mountings for large mirrors with their optical axes in vertical, horizontal, and variable orientations; indicates how metal and composite mirrors differ from ones made of glass; explains key design aspects of optical instrument structural design; and takes a look at an emerging technology—the evolution and applications of silicon and silicon carbide in mirrors and other types of components for optical applications.







Electro-Optical Imaging: System Performance and Modeling


Book Description

This significant compendium of technical literature traces the development of low-light-level and infrared imaging technologies and system modeling and performance over the past 30 years. It presents an excellent selection of the pioneering work in the U.S. and abroad that forms the theoretical underpinnings of electro-optical imaging. Copublished with ONTAR Corp. Originally published as a hardcover, this is a two-volume softcover version of PM96.




C2n (optical) Studies in the Free Atmosphere Based on Rawinsonde Data


Book Description

Rawinsonde data from several locations in the United States are used to obtain free atmosphere estimates of (C2n) (optical), the index of refraction structure parameter. Wind and temperature data are used to calculate N, the square of the Brunt-Vaisalla frequency, S, the wind shear squared term, and the Richardson number at kilometer intervals from 1 km to 25 km. These quantities are inputs to the Van Zandt model to determine (C2n). Also, the rms wind speed (u), obtained from the rawinsonde data, is used as input to the Hufnagel model to obtain (C2n). Aspects of the (C2n) models are discussed and comparisons are made using model results and (C2n) radar measurements. Statistical analysis of results indicate significant differences in media (C2n) distributions for both season and latitude. Coherence lengths (r sub o) for plane wave propagation down through the atmosphere are estimated and dropoff rates of (C sub n squared) (in dB/km) are calculated from 15 km to 25 km.




Atmospheric Turbulence


Book Description

New York : Wiley, c1984.




A Compendium of Theoretical Atmospheric Tidal Structures


Book Description

This report documents the equations, coefficient parameterizations, method of numerical solution, and results from a theoretical (numerical) model of atmospheric tidal oscillations from the surface to 400 km. The westerly, northerly, and vertical winds and temperature are governed by four second order partial differential equations derived from the perturbation fluid equations for momentum, continuity, thermal energy, and the ideal gas law applied to a spherical, rotating, viscous atmosphere with anisotropic ion drag. The equations represent perturbations about a basic atmospheric state with latitude- and height-dependent mean winds, temperature, and composition. Model parameterizations described include mean winds and temperatures, molecular and eddy viscosity and thermal conductivity, ion-neutral collision frequency for momentum transfer, and solar thermal and lunar gravitational forcing. Thermal excitation occurs via absorption of EUV and UV radiation in the thermosphere, H2O insolation absorption in the troposphere and lower stratosphere, and O3 insolation absorption in the mesosphere. Ion-neutral coupling provides an important semidiurnal momentum source in the F-region. In addition, extensive tabulations and figures representing numerical solutions of diurnal and semidiurnal temperatures and winds every 6 deg of latitude from the surface to 400 km are presented for equinox and solstice conditions.