A Prediction Method for Turbulent Boundary Layers in Adverse Pressure Gradients


Book Description

A prediction method for turbulent boundary layers in moderate to strong adverse pressure gradients is presented. The closure hypothesis for the method is the universal velocity defect law of Schofield and Perry (1972) which restricts the method to the prediction of layers in moderate to strong adverse pressure gradient. The method is tested against nine experimentally measured boundary layers. Predictions for velocity profile shape, boundary layer thicknesses and velocity scale ratio were generally in good agreement with the experimental measurements and were superior to those given by other prediction methods. Unlike other methods the present method also gives reasonably accurate predictions for the shear stress profile of a layer. The analysis presented here is compared with previous work and helps to resolve some disagreements discerned in the literature.




Analysis of Turbulent Boundary Layers


Book Description

Analysis of Turbulent Boundary Layers focuses on turbulent flows meeting the requirements for the boundary-layer or thin-shear-layer approximations. Its approach is devising relatively fundamental, and often subtle, empirical engineering correlations, which are then introduced into various forms of describing equations for final solution. After introducing the topic on turbulence, the book examines the conservation equations for compressible turbulent flows, boundary-layer equations, and general behavior of turbulent boundary layers. The latter chapters describe the CS method for calculating two-dimensional and axisymmetric laminar and turbulent boundary layers. This book will be useful to readers who have advanced knowledge in fluid mechanics, especially to engineers who study the important problems of design.







A Procedure for Calculating the Development of Turbulent Boundary Layers Under the Influence of Adverse Pressure Gradients


Book Description

A procedure based on the kinetic-energy equation and an extended form of the momentum equation has been devised for calculating the development of turbulent boundary layers in adverse pressure gradients. Predictions, by this method, of turbulent-boundary-layer developement in comparison with experimental results from several sources are presented for a number of cases of flow over flat plates and airfoils and in conical diffusers. In the range of boundary-layer flow short of separation, the agreement with experiment is, in most cases, quite satisfactory; in some instances, however, there is definite disagreement between the calculated and experimental results. It is believed, however, that good agreement has been obtained of effort along the present lines, particularly with respect to improvement of the correlations and refinement of the equations.