Advanced Schemes for Surface Plasmon Resonance and Plasmon-enhanced Fluorescence Biosensors


Book Description

Advanced optical biosensor platforms exploiting long range surface plasmons (LRSPs) and responsive N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) hydrogel binding matrix for the detection of protein and bacterial pathogen analytes were carried out. LRSPs are optical waves that originate from coupling of surface plasmons on the opposite sites of a thin metallic film embedded between two dielectrics with similar refractive indices. LRSPs exhibit orders of magnitude lower damping and more extended profile of field compared to regular surface plasmons (SPs). Their excitation is accompanied with narrow resonance and provides stronger enhancement of electromagnetic field intensity that can advance the sensitivity of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) biosensors. Firstly, we investigated thin gold layers deposited on fluoropolymer surface for the excitation of LRSPs. The study indicates that the morphological, optical and electrical properties of gold film can be changed by the surface energy of fluoropolymer and affect the performance of a SPFS biosensor. A photo-crosslinkable NIPAAm hydrogel was grafted to the sensor surface in order to serve as a binding matrix. It was modified with bio-recognition elements (BREs) via amine coupling chemistry and offered the advantage of large binding capacity, stimuli responsive properties and good biocompatibility. Through experimental observations supported by numerical simulations describing diffusion mass transfer and affinity binding of target molecules in the hydrogel, the hydrogel binding matrix thickness, concentration of BREs and the profile of the probing evanescent field was optimized. Hydrogel with a up to micrometer thickness was shown to support additional hydrogel optical waveguide (HOW) mode which was employed for probing affinity binding events in the gel by means of refractometric and fluorescence measurements. These schemes allow to reach limits of detection (LODs) at picomo.




Surface Plasmon Enhanced, Coupled and Controlled Fluorescence


Book Description

Explains the principles and current thinking behind plasmon enhanced Fluorescence Describes the current developments in Surface Plasmon Enhanced, Coupled and Controlled Fluorescence Details methods used to understand solar energy conversion, detect and quantify DNA more quickly and accurately, and enhance the timeliness and accuracy of digital immunoassays Contains contributions by the world’s leading scientists in the area of fluorescence and plasmonics Describes detailed experimental procedures for developing both surfaces and nanoparticles for applications in metal-enhanced fluorescence




Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence


Book Description

Discover how metal-enhanced fluorescence is changing traditional concepts of fluorescence This book collects and analyzes all the current trends, opinions, and emerging hot topics in the field of metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF). Readers learn how this emerging technology enhances the utility of current fluorescence-based approaches. For example, MEF can be used to better detect and track specific molecules that may be present in very low quantities in either clinical samples or biological systems. Author Chris Geddes, a noted pioneer in the field, not only explains the fundamentals of metal-enhanced fluorescence, but also the significance of all the most recent findings and models in the field. Metal-enhanced fluorescence refers to the use of metal colloids and nanoscale metallic particles in fluorescence systems. It offers researchers the opportunity to modify the basic properties of fluorophores in both near- and far-field fluorescence formats. Benefits of metal-enhanced fluorescence compared to traditional fluorescence include: Increased efficiency of fluorescence emission Increased detection sensitivity Protect against fluorophore photobleaching Applicability to almost any molecule, including both intrinsic and extrinsic chromophores Following a discussion of the principles and fundamentals, the author examines the process and applications of metal-enhanced fluorescence. Throughout the book, references lead to the primary literature, facilitating in-depth investigations into particular topics. Guiding readers from the basics to state-of-the-technology applications, this book is recommended for all chemists, physicists, and biomedical engineers working in the field of fluorescence.




Handbook of Surface Plasmon Resonance


Book Description

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) plays a dominant role in real-time interaction sensing of biomolecular binding events, this book provides a total system description including optics, fluidics and sensor surfaces for a wide researcher audience.




New Biosensor Applications of Surface Plasmon and Hydrogel Optical Waveguide Spectroscopy


Book Description

Rapid and sensitive detection of chemical and biological analytes becomes increasingly important in areas such as medical diagnostics, food control and environmental monitoring. Optical biosensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and optical waveguide spectroscopy have been extensively pushed forward in these fields. In this study, we combine SPR, surface plasmon-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) and optical waveguide spectroscopy with hydrogel thin film for highly sensitive detection of molecular analytes.rnrnA novel biosensor based on SPFS which was advanced through the excitation of long range surface plasmons (LRSPs) is reported in this study. LRSPs are special surface plasmon waves propagating along thin metal films with orders of magnitude higher electromagnetic field intensity and lower damping than conventional SPs. Therefore, their excitation on the sensor surface provides further increased fluorescence signal. An inhibition immunoassay based on LRSP-enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (LRSP-FS) was developed for the detection of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk. The biosensor allowed for the detection of AFM1 in milk at concentrations as low as 0.6 pg mL-1, which is about two orders of magnitude lower than the maximum AFM1 residue level in milk stipulated by the European Commission legislation.rnrnIn addition, LRSPs probe the medium adjacent to the metallic surface with more extended evanescent field than regular SPs. Therefore, three-dimensional binding matrices with up to micrometer thickness have been proposed for the immobilization of biomolecular recognition elements with large surface density that allows to exploit the whole evanescent field of LRSP. A photocrosslinkable carboxymethyl dextran (PCDM) hydrogel thin film is used as a binding matrix, and it is applied for the detection of free prostate specific antigen (f-PSA) based on the LRSP-FS and sandwich immunoassay. We show that this approach allows for the detection of f-PSA at low femt.




Handbook of Surface Plasmon Resonance


Book Description

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) plays a dominant role in real-time interaction sensing of biomolecular binding events and with the biosensor field expanding more applications are being found. In response to the market, an update to the original title which was published in 2008 is now appropriate. With over fifty percent of the material being updated, this book provides a total system description including optics, fluidics and sensor surfaces. Spanning theory, instrumentation and applications, it covers all the relevant issues for the practicing researcher. Unlocking the potential for SPR by showing highly exciting and unique opportunities for unraveling the functional relationships of complex biological processes, it is intended for a wide audience. A comprehensive and accessible source it contains expanded tutorial details to inspire students and guide them in this technology.




Handbook of Surface Plasmon Resonance


Book Description

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) plays a dominant role in real-time interaction sensing of biomolecular binding events. This book focuses on a total system description including optics, fluidics and sensor surfaces. It covers all commercial SPR systems in the market. It is the first of its kind and fills a gap in the technical literature as no other handbook on SPR is currently available. The final chapter discussed new trends and a vision is given for future developments and needs of the SPR market. This excellent handbook provides comprehensive information with easy to use, stand-alone chapters and will be of great use to anyone one working with or affiliated to the technology.




Plasmonic Sensors and their Applications


Book Description

Plasmonic Sensors and their Applications A practically-focused reference and guide on the use of plasmonic sensing as a faster and cheaper alternative to conventional sensing platforms Plasmons, the collective oscillations of electrons occurring at the interface between any two materials, are sensitive to changes in dielectric properties near metal surfaces. Plasmonic sensors enable the real-time study of unique surface properties by monitoring the effect of the material interaction at the sensor surface. Plasmonic sensing techniques offer fast, label-free analysis, and hold advantages over labelling techniques such as ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Plasmonic Sensors and their Applications examines the development and use of highly sensitive and selective plasmonic sensing platforms in chemistry, biotechnology, and medicine. Contributions by an international panel of experts provide timely and in-depth coverage of both real-world applications and academic research in the dynamic field. The authors describe advances in nanotechnology, polymer chemistry, and biomedicine, explore new and emerging applications of plasmonic sensing, discuss future trends and potential research directions, and more. This authoritative volume: Demonstrates why plasmonic sensing is a profitable method for easy and label-free analysis in real-time Covers a variety of applications of plasmonic sensors, such as disease diagnostics, vitamin detection, and detection of chemical and biological warfare agents Includes a brief introduction to the history and development of plasmonic sensors Provides concise theory and background for every application covered in the text Plasmonic Sensors and their Applications is an invaluable resource for analytical chemists, biochemists, biotechnologists, protein and surface chemists, and advanced students of biotechnology.




Plasmonic Biosensors


Book Description

In this book Andreas Dahlin has written a comprehensive and thorough review of plasmonic biosensors that operate by refractometric detection. After an introductory chapter on biosensors, in which he sets out the concepts of biosensing in its application to such areas as proteomics, medical diagnostics and environmental control, he undertakes an integrated coverage of surface chemistry, surface physics and optics, specifically related to the requirements of design of a plasmonic biosensor. Sections on nanoparticle plasmons and surface plasmons follow, leading to a review of SPR technology for biosensing. The optical properties of nanoholes in metal films and other more complicated plasmonic nanostructures are also briefly discussed. Later chapters discuss experimental plasmon spectroscopy and spectral analysis while the final sections discuss topics such as sensor response and the extent to which quantitative measurements can be made. The book introduces a few relatively controversial opinions on some open questions, such as how best to define sensor performance and the practical use of highly miniaturized sensors. Each of the chapters is extensively referenced and contains appropriate illustrations. The book contains a wealth of information that will be highly beneficial to both existing and new users of refractometric sensing techniques in life science research. It will be a valuable resource for post-graduate research students, academic researchers and those working in industry.