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Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health

Author : Guoyao Wu

Publisher : Springer Nature

Page : 218 pages

File Size : 21,23 MB

Release : 2020-08-06

Category : Medical

ISBN : 3030453286

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Book Description

This edited volume comprehensively highlights recent advances in the metabolism, nutrition, physiology, and pathobiology of amino acids in all the systems of humans and other animals (including livestock, poultry, companion animals, and fish). It enables readers to understand the crucial roles of amino acids and their metabolites in the health and diseases of the circulatory, digestive, endocrine, immune, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, skeletal, and urinary systems, as well as the sense organs (eyes, ears, nose, skin, and tongue). Readers will learn that amino acids are not only the building blocks of protein, but are also signalling molecules, as well as regulators of gene expression, metabolic processes and developmental changes in the body. This knowledge will guide nutritional practices to improve the growth, development and health of humans and other animals, as well as prevent and treat chronic (e.g., obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders) and infectious (e.g., bacterial, fungal, parasite, and viral) diseases. Editor of this volume is an internationally recognized expert in nutritional biochemistry. He has over 38 years of experience with research and teaching at world-class universities in the area of amino acid biochemistry, nutrition, and physiology. He has published more than 625 papers in peer-reviewed journals, 62 chapters in books, and authored two text/reference books, with an H-index of 117 and more than 55,000 citations in Google Scholar. This publication is a useful reference for professionals as well as undergraduate and graduate students in animal science, biochemistry, biomedical engineering, biology, human medicine, food science, kinesiology, nursing, nutrition, pharmacology, physiology, toxicology, veterinary medicine, and other related disciplines. In addition, all chapters provide general and specific references to amino acids in systems health for researchers and practitioners in biomedicine, animal and plant agriculture, and aquaculture, and for government policy makers.



The Role of Protein and Amino Acids in Sustaining and Enhancing Performance

Author : Institute of Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 448 pages

File Size : 39,34 MB

Release : 1999-09-15

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 0309172810

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Book Description

It is a commonly held belief that athletes, particularly body builders, have greater requirements for dietary protein than sedentary individuals. However, the evidence in support of this contention is controversial. This book is the latest in a series of publications designed to inform both civilian and military scientists and personnel about issues related to nutrition and military service. Among the many other stressors they experience, soldiers face unique nutritional demands during combat. Of particular concern is the role that dietary protein might play in controlling muscle mass and strength, response to injury and infection, and cognitive performance. The first part of the book contains the committee's summary of the workshop, responses to the Army's questions, conclusions, and recommendations. The remainder of the book contains papers contributed by speakers at the workshop on such topics as, the effects of aging and hormones on regulation of muscle mass and function, alterations in protein metabolism due to the stress of injury or infection, the role of individual amino acids, the components of proteins, as neurotransmitters, hormones, and modulators of various physiological processes, and the efficacy and safety considerations associated with dietary supplements aimed at enhancing performance.



Amino Acids in Therapy

Author : Leon Chaitow

Publisher : Inner Traditions / Bear & Co

Page : 116 pages

File Size : 10,74 MB

Release : 1985-04

Category : Health & Fitness

ISBN : 9780892812875

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Book Description

Directed primarily to the health professional, this book covers all aspects of amino acid therapy and discusses conditions that respond particularly well to this treatment.



Nutrition and Traumatic Brain Injury

Author : Institute of Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 444 pages

File Size : 15,68 MB

Release : 2011-07-01

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309210089

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Book Description

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) accounts for up to one-third of combat-related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to some estimates. TBI is also a major problem among civilians, especially those who engage in certain sports. At the request of the Department of Defense, the IOM examined the potential role of nutrition in the treatment of and resilience against TBI.





Amino Acid Fermentation

Author : Atsushi Yokota

Publisher : Springer

Page : 309 pages

File Size : 31,47 MB

Release : 2017-05-11

Category : Science

ISBN : 4431565205

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Book Description

This book presents the latest findings on amino acid fermentation and reviews the 50-year history of their development. The book is divided into four parts, the first of which presents a review of amino acid fermentation, past and present. The second part highlights selected examples of amino acid fermentation in more detail, while the third focuses on recent advanced technologies. The last part introduces readers to several topics for future research directions in amino acid production systems. A new field, “amino acid fermentation”, was created by the progress of academic research and industrial development. In 1908, the Japanese researcher Kikunae Ikeda discovered glutamate as an Umami substance. Then a new seasoning, MSG (monosodium glutamate), was commercialized. Although glutamate was extracted from the hydro-lysate of wheat or soybean in the early days, a new production method was subsequently invented – “fermentation” – in which glutamate is produced from sugars such as glucose by a certain bacterium called Corynebacterium. The topic of this volume is particularly connected in a significant way with biochemical, biotechnological, and microbial fields. Both professionals in industry and an academic audience will understand the importance of this volume.





Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health

Author : Guoyao Wu

Publisher : Springer Nature

Page : 256 pages

File Size : 11,92 MB

Release : 2021-03-26

Category : Medical

ISBN : 3030544621

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Book Description

Amino acids (AAs) are not only building blocks of protein, but are also signalling molecules as well as regulators of gene expression and the protein phosphorylation cascade. Additionally, AAs are key precursors for syntheses of hormones and low-molecular weight nitrogenous substances with each having enormous biological importance. For example, physiological concentrations of AA metabolites (e.g., nitric oxide, polyamines, glutathione, taurine, thyroid hormones, and serotonin) are required for cell functions. Growing evidence shows that humans and animals have dietary requirements for all proteinogenic AAs. Mammals, birds and fish also have species- and age-dependent needs for some AA-related substances. However, elevated levels of other products (e.g., ammonia, homocysteine, H2S, and asymmetric dimethylarginine) are pathogenic factors for neurological disorders, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular disease. Thus, optimal amounts of AAs and their ratios in diets and circulation are crucial for whole body homeostasis and health. Adequate provision of one or a mixture of functional AAs or metabolites may be beneficial for ameliorating health problems at various stages of the life cycle (e.g., fetal growth restriction, neonatal morbidity and mortality, weaning-associated intestinal dysfunction and wasting syndrome, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, the metabolic syndrome, and infertility). Dietary supplementation of these nutrients can also optimize the efficiency of metabolic transformations to enhance muscle growth, milk production, and athletic performance, while preventing excess fat deposition and reducing adiposity. Therefore, functional AAs hold great promise in improving the growth, health and well-being of individuals. Chapter 7 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.



Amino Acids

Author : Guoyao Wu

Publisher : CRC Press

Page : 507 pages

File Size : 32,35 MB

Release : 2013-04-22

Category : Medical

ISBN : 1439861897

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Book Description

Amino acid biochemistry and nutrition spans a broad range of fields including biochemistry, metabolism, physiology, immunology, reproduction, pathology, and cell biology. In the last half-century, there have been many conceptual and technical advancements, from analysis of amino acids by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry to molecular cloning of transporters for amino acids and small peptides. Amino Acids: Biochemistry and Nutrition presents comprehensive coverage of these scientific developments, providing a useful reference for students and researchers in both biomedicine and agriculture. The text begins with the discoveries and basic concepts of amino acids, peptides, and proteins, and then moves to protein digestion and absorption of peptides and amino acids. Additional chapters cover cell-, tissue-, and species-specific synthesis and catabolism of amino acids and related nitrogenous substances, as well as the use of isotopes to study amino acid metabolism in cells and the body. The book also details protein synthesis and degradation, regulation of amino acid metabolism, physiological functions of amino acids, and inborn errors of amino acid metabolism. The final chapter discusses dietary requirements of amino acids by humans and other animals. While emphasizing basic principles and classical concepts of amino acid biochemistry and nutrition, the author includes recent progress in the field. This book also provides concise coverage of major historical developments of the scientific discipline, so that readers will appreciate the past, understand the current state of the knowledge, and explore the future of the field. Each chapter contains select references to provide comprehensive reviews and original experimental data on the topics discussed.



Salts of Amino Acids

Author : Michel Fleck

Publisher : Springer

Page : 581 pages

File Size : 40,57 MB

Release : 2014-07-08

Category : Medical

ISBN : 3319062999

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Book Description

Over the last decades, amino acids have been found to be of importance in many fields of science. Apart from their biological function, this family of organic compounds has been employed in the synthesis of a vast variety of salts, with impact on areas such as materials science, pharmaceutical or physical research. This covers a wide range, from the discovery of important ferroelectrics or non-linear optical materials to nutrients, flavor enhancers or drugs. This book describes amino acids and their salts with cations, anions and inorganic compounds from a chemical, physical and crystallographical point of view. Additional data on structural properties, crystal growth and the relation of structure and physical properties of amino acid salts is discussed.