An Empirical Model of the Polar Ionosphere


Book Description

Four separate articles are collected which deal with the construction of empirical models of the polar ionosphere. The particular emphasis in these articles is towards the radio propagation application of the models. Numerical models of the vertical electron density profiles on the topside and bottomside of the F-region are developed, and a model for sporadic-E is included. Special attention is devoted to features which are characteristic of the polar ionosphere-auroral effects, the trough, and magnetospheric cleft regions. The models are constructed specifically for convenience in computer programming, and in fact, all aspects of the models contained in this report are available in the form of Fortran computer programs. (Author).




A Three-dimensional Ionospheric Model Using Observed Ionospheric Parameters


Book Description

An electron density model, which permits a three-dimensional specification of the ionospheric structure, has been developed. The model generates realistic electron density profiles in the altitude range from 100 to 800 km by making use of selected ionospheric parameters that are routinely observed. The model also allows for the calculation of the electron distribution over the entire path of propagation of a radio signal by employing a synoptic mapping technique. The mapping technique enagles ionospheric parameters observed at specific locations to be extended and extrapolated to regions where data are not normally accessible. The electron densities that are computed are done in a manner that is totally consistent with the observed parameters needed to generate the profiles. (Author).







Ionospheric Modeling


Book Description







Report on Research at AFCRL.


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Cross-Scale Coupling and Energy Transfer in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere System


Book Description

Cross-Scale Coupling and Energy Transfer in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere System provides a systematic understanding of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere dynamics. Cross-scale coupling has become increasingly important in the Space Physics community. Although large-scale processes can specify the averaged state of the system reasonably well, they cannot accurately describe localized and rapidly varying structures in space in actual events. Such localized and variable structures can be as intense as the large-scale features. This book covers observations on quantifying coupling and energetics and simulation on evaluating impacts of cross-scale processes. It includes an in-depth review and summary of the current status of multi-scale coupling processes, fundamental physics, and concise illustrations and plots that are usable in tutorial presentations and classrooms. Organized by physical quantities in the system, Cross-Scale Coupling and Energy Transfer in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere System reviews recent advances in cross-scale coupling and energy transfer processes, making it an important resource for space physicists and researchers working on the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere. - Describes frontier science and major science around M-I-T coupling, allowing for foundational understanding of this emerging field in space physics - Reviews recent and key findings in the cutting-edge of the science - Discusses open questions and pathways for understanding how the field is evolving




The Upper Atmosphere


Book Description

Especially due to the increasing environmental problems there is a need to collect as many data as possible in the upper atmosphere. This book serves as a general multidisciplinary guide and introduction for a more effective use of the large amount of now available data from the Earth's atmosphere. It also shows the problems of the use of large amounts of time series data - for basic science as well as for environmental monitoring - and the related information systems. The book is aimed for scientists and students interested in the Earth's atmosphere which is vital for the understanding of environmental changes in the global system Earth.