Author : Anthony Dickinson
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 31,1 MB
Release : 2003
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781841699370
The papers published in this Special Issue are based upon presentations at a workshop on "Associative Learning and Representation" which was sponsored by the Experimental Psychology Society at Emmanuel College, Cambridge.
Author : Andy Clark
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 20,82 MB
Release : 1993
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780262032100
Clark charts a fundamental shift from a static, inner-code-oriented conception of the subject matter of cognitive science to a more dynamic, developmentally rich, process-oriented view.
Author : Andy J. Wills
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 18,98 MB
Release : 2005-01-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 1135609640
The editor and authors of this book present a synthesis of work on human associative learning, tracing some of its historical roots but concentrating mainly on recent developments. It is divided into three sections: an introduction to the recent data and controversies in the study of human associative learning; recent developments in the formal theories of how associative learning occurs; and applied work on human associative learning, particularly its application to depression and to the development of preferences. The book is designed to be accessible to undergraduates, providing a clear illustration of how principles most commonly introduced in animal cognition courses are relevant to the contemporary study of human cognition.
Author : Kristin Andrews
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 540 pages
File Size : 47,98 MB
Release : 2017-07-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 1317585615
While philosophers have been interested in animals since ancient times, in the last few decades the subject of animal minds has emerged as a major topic in philosophy. The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Animal Minds is an outstanding reference source to the key topics, problems, and debates in this exciting subject and is the first collection of its kind. Comprising nearly fifty chapters by a team of international contributors, the Handbook is divided into eight parts: Mental representation Reasoning and metacognition Consciousness Mindreading Communication Social cognition and culture Association, simplicity, and modeling Ethics. Within these sections, central issues, debates, and problems are examined, including: whether and how animals represent and reason about the world; how animal cognition differs from human cognition; whether animals are conscious; whether animals represent their own mental states or those of others; how animals communicate; the extent to which animals have cultures; how to choose among competing models and explanations of animal behavior; and whether animals are moral agents and/or moral patients. The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy of Animal Minds is essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of mind, philosophy of psychology, ethics, and related disciplines such as ethology, biology, psychology, linguistics, and anthropology.
Author : N. E. Spear
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 49,7 MB
Release : 2014-02-24
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 1317757696
First published in 1982. During the past fifty years, dramatic changes have occurred in the use of laboratory animals to study learning and memory. Yet the basic reasons for this research, diverse as they are, have not changed. At one extreme is the need for relatively direct application of findings with animal models to medical or educational problems of humans; at the other extreme, the quest for understanding animal behavior for its own sake. It is probably fair to say that no chapters in this book represent either of these extremes, although in each case the author’s purposes can be said to be like those of some scientists working in this area fifty years ago. In contrast to this continuity of purpose, the approach that scientists now take in this area of study is really quite different from that of most or all scientists in the 1930s.
Author : Nicholas V. Findler
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 481 pages
File Size : 21,90 MB
Release : 2014-05-10
Category : Reference
ISBN : 1483263010
Associative Networks: Representation and Use of Knowledge by Computers is a collection of papers that deals with knowledge base of programs exhibiting some operational aspects of understanding. One paper reviews network formalism that utilizes unobstructed semantics, independent of the domain to which it is applied, that is also capable of handling significant epistemological relationships of concept structuring, attribute/value inheritance, multiple descriptions. Another paper explains network notations that encode taxonomic information; general statements involving quantification; information about processes and procedures; the delineation of local contexts, as well as the relationships between syntactic units and their interpretations. One paper shows that networks can be designed to be intuitively and formally interpretable. Network formalisms are computer-oriented logics which become distinctly significant when access paths from concepts to propositions are built into them. One feature of a topical network organization is its potential for learning. If one topic is too large, it could be broken down where groupings of propositions under the split topics are then based on "co-usage" statistics. As an example, one paper cites the University of Maryland artificial intelligence (AI) group which investigates the control and interaction of a meaning-based parser. The group also analyzes the inferences and predictions from a number of levels based on mundane inferences of actions and causes that can be used in AI. The collection can be useful for computer engineers, computer programmers, mathematicians, and researchers who are working on artificial intelligence.
Author : Chris J. Mitchell
Publisher : Oxford University Press (UK)
Page : 423 pages
File Size : 14,72 MB
Release : 2010
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0199550530
This book brings together leading international learning and attention researchers to provide both a comprehensive and wide-ranging overview of the current state of knowledge of this area as well as new perspectives and directions for the future.
Author : Richard G. M. Morris
Publisher :
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 17,41 MB
Release : 1989
Category : Computers
ISBN :
In recent years there has been a substantial growth of interest in parallel distributed processing among experimental psychologists and neurobiologists. Many hope that developments in formal analysis of neural networks will provide a bridge between psychological accounts of cognitive function and those at the neural level. This volume examines the implications of these developments and their influence on experimental psychology and neurobiology. It includes coverage of formal PDP models, providing an introduction to the approach, with full information on assumptions and algorithms. The psychological implications of these models for research on both humans and animals is also discussed. Each of the main parts is introduced by a chapter that outlines the key issues under discussion.
Author : Todd R Schachtman PhD
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 588 pages
File Size : 47,59 MB
Release : 2011-06-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0199876134
Although many professionals in psychology (including the sub-disciplines of human learning and memory, clinical practice related to psychopathology, neuroscience, educational psychology and many other areas) no longer receive training in learning and conditioning, the influence of this field remains strong. Therefore, many researchers and clinicians have little knowledge about basic learning theory and its current applications beyond their own specific research topic. The primary purpose of the present volume is to highlight ways in which basic learning principles, methodology, and phenomena underpin, and indeed guide, contemporary translational research. With contributions from a distinguished collection of internationally renowned scholars, this 23-chapter volume contains specific research issues but is also broad in scope, covering a variety of topics in which associative learning and conditioning theory apply, such as drug abuse and addiction, anxiety, fear and pain research, advertising, attribution processes, acquisition of likes and dislikes, social learning, psychoneuroimmunology, and psychopathology (e.g., autism, depression, helplessness and schizophrenia). This breadth is captured in the titles of the three major sections of the book: Applications to Clinical Pathology; Applications to Health and Addiction; Applications to Cognition, Social Interaction and Motivation. The critically important phenomena and methodology of learning and conditioning continue to have a profound influence on theory and clinical concerns related to the mechanisms of memory, cognition, education, and pathology of emotional and consummatory disorders. This volume is expected to have the unique quality of serving the interests of many researchers, educators and clinicians including, for example, neuroscientists, learning and conditioning researchers, psychopharmacologists, clinical psychopathologists, and practitioners in the medical field.
Author : Martin Giurfa
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 15,4 MB
Release : 2013-06-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0128071516
The behavior of insects transcends elementary forms of adaptive responding to environmental changes. We discuss examples of exploration, instrumental and observational learning, expectation, learning in a social context, and planning of future actions. We show that learning about sensory cues allows insects to transfer flexibly their responses to novel stimuli attaining thereby different levels of complexity, from basic generalization to categorization and concept learning consistent with rule extraction. We argue that updating of existing memories requires multiple forms of memory processing. A key element in these processes is working memory, an active form of memory considered to allow evaluation of actions on the basis of expected outcome. We discuss which of these cognitive faculties can be traced to specific neural processes and how they relate to the overall organization of the insect brain.
