Atherosclerotic Plaque Characterization Methods Based on Coronary Imaging


Book Description

Atherosclerotic Plaque Characterization Methods Based on Coronary Imaging provides a complete review of computer methods for atherosclerotic plaque reconstruction and characterization. The authors, with their expertise from biomedical engineering, computer science, and cardiology, offer a holistic view. The focus of the book is on the presentation of major imaging techniques, including their limitations. It includes details on the mechanical characterization and properties of plaques and appropriate constitutive models to describe the mechanical behavior of plaques. The authors explore the challenges of using multiple coronary imaging technologies, and provide the pros and cons of invasive vs. non-invasive techniques. Methods for plaque characterization and 3D reconstruction of coronary arteries using IVUS, OCT, and CT images are described. This book will help readers study new trends in image processing analysis and plaque characterization, implement automated plaque characterization methodologies, understand coronary imaging drawbacks, and comprehend 3 dimensional coronary artery and plaque reconstruction methods. - Describes the multimodality imaging techniques that are commonly used in the diagnosis of arterial diseases, including intravascular ultrasound, optical coherence tomography, angiography, computed tomography angiography, and magnetic resonance angiography - Discusses in-depth the computational methods which can be used for the detection of different plaque types - Explores plaque in 3D reconstruction methods and plaque modeling approaches




Mechanisms of Vascular Disease


Book Description

New updated edition first published with Cambridge University Press. This new edition includes 29 chapters on topics as diverse as pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, vascular haemodynamics, haemostasis, thrombophilia and post-amputation pain syndromes.




Signals and Systems in Biomedical Engineering


Book Description

In the past few years Biomedical Engineering has received a great deal of attention as one of the emerging technologies in the last decade and for years to come, as witnessed by the many books, conferences, and their proceedings. Media attention, due to the applications-oriented advances in Biomedical Engineering, has also increased. Much of the excitement comes from the fact that technology is rapidly changing and new technological adventures become available and feasible every day. For many years the physical sciences contributed to medicine in the form of expertise in radiology and slow but steady contributions to other more diverse fields, such as computers in surgery and diagnosis, neurology, cardiology, vision and visual prosthesis, audition and hearing aids, artificial limbs, biomechanics, and biomaterials. The list goes on. It is therefore hard for a person unfamiliar with a subject to separate the substance from the hype. Many of the applications of Biomedical Engineering are rather complex and difficult to understand even by the not so novice in the field. Much of the hardware and software tools available are either too simplistic to be useful or too complicated to be understood and applied. In addition, the lack of a common language between engineers and computer scientists and their counterparts in the medical profession, sometimes becomes a barrier to progress.




Hemodynamical Flows


Book Description

This book surveys research results on the physical and mathematical modeling, as well as the numerical simulation of complex fluid and structural mechanical processes occurring in the human blood circulation system. Topics treated include continuum mechanical description; choice of suitable liquid and wall models; mathematical analysis of coupled models; numerical methods for flow simulation; parameter identification and model calibration; fluid-solid interaction; mathematical analysis of piping systems; particle transport in channels and pipes; artificial boundary conditions, and many more. The book was developed from lectures presented by the authors at the Oberwolfach Research Institute (MFO), in Oberwolfach-Walke, Germany, November, 2005.




Snapshots of Hemodynamics


Book Description

Hemodynamics makes it possible to characterize in a quantitative way, the function of the heart and arterial system, thereby producing information about what genetic and molecular processes are of importance for cardiovascular function. Snapshots of Hemodynamics: An Aid for Clinical Research and Graduate Education by Nico Westerhof, Nikos Stergiopulos and Mark I. M. Noble is a quick reference guide designed to help basic and clinical researchers as well as graduate students to understand hemodynamics. The layout of the book provides short and independent chapters that provide teaching diagrams as well as clear descriptions of the essentials of basic and applied principles of hemodynamics. References are provided at the end of each chapter for further reading and reference.




Mathematical Modeling and Numerical Simulation in Continuum Mechanics


Book Description

The first international symposium on mathematical foundations of the finite element method was held at the University of Maryland in 1973. During the last three decades there has been great progress in the theory and practice of solving partial differential equations, and research has extended in various directions. Full-scale nonlinear problems have come within the range of nu merical simulation. The importance of mathematical modeling and analysis in science and engineering is steadily increasing. In addition, new possibili ties of analysing the reliability of computations have appeared. Many other developments have occurred: these are only the most noteworthy. This book is the record of the proceedings of the International Sympo sium on Mathematical Modeling and Numerical Simulation in Continuum Mechanics, held in Yamaguchi, Japan from 29 September to 3 October 2000. The topics covered by the symposium ranged from solids to fluids, and in cluded both mathematical and computational analysis of phenomena and algorithms. Twenty-one invited talks were delivered at the symposium. This volume includes almost all of them, and expresses aspects of the progress mentioned above. All the papers were individually refereed. We hope that this volume will be a stepping-stone for further developments in this field.




The Physics of Coronary Blood Flow


Book Description

The fields of biological and medical physics and biomedical engineering are broad, multidisciplinary and dyanmic. They lie at the crossroads of frontier - search in physics, biology, chemistry, and medicine. The Biological & Me- cal Physics/Biomedical Engineering Series is intended to be comprehensive, covering a broad range of topics important to the study of the physical, che- cal and biological sciences. Its goal is to provide scientists and engineers with textbooks, monographs, and reference works to address the growing need for information. Books in the series emphasize established and emergent areas of science - cluding molecular, membrane, and mathematical biophysics; photosynthetic - ergy harvesting and conversion; information processing; physical principles of genetics; sensory communications; automata networks, neural networks, and cellular automata. Equally important will be coverage of applied aspects of b- logical and medical physics and biomedical engineering such as molecular el- tronic components and devices, biosensors, medicine, imaging, physical prin- ples of renewable energy production, advanced prostheses, and environmental control and engineering. Elias Greenbaum Oak Ridge, TN M. Zamir Department of Applied Mathematics University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, N6A 5B7 CANADA [email protected] Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Zamir, M. (Mair) The physics of coronary blood flow / M. Zamir. p. cm. — (Biological and medical physics, biomedical engineering) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Coronary circulation. 2. Hemodynamics. 3. Blood flow. I. Title. II. Series. QP108.Z36 2005 612.1?7—dc22 2005042502 ISBN-10: 0-387-25297-5 e-ISBN: 0-387-26019-6 Printed on acid-free paper.




Cardiovascular Mathematics


Book Description

Mathematical models and numerical simulations can aid the understanding of physiological and pathological processes. This book offers a mathematically sound and up-to-date foundation to the training of researchers and serves as a useful reference for the development of mathematical models and numerical simulation codes.




Ocular Fluid Dynamics


Book Description

The chapters in this contributed volume showcase current theoretical approaches in the modeling of ocular fluid dynamics in health and disease. By including chapters written by experts from a variety of fields, this volume will help foster a genuinely collaborative spirit between clinical and research scientists. It vividly illustrates the advantages of clinical and experimental methods, data-driven modeling, and physically-based modeling, while also detailing the limitations of each approach. Blood, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, tear film, and cerebrospinal fluid each have a section dedicated to their anatomy and physiology, pathological conditions, imaging techniques, and mathematical modeling. Because each fluid receives a thorough analysis from experts in their respective fields, this volume stands out among the existing ophthalmology literature. Ocular Fluid Dynamics is ideal for current and future graduate students in applied mathematics and ophthalmology who wish to explore the field by investigating open questions, experimental technologies, and mathematical models. It will also be a valuable resource for researchers in mathematics, engineering, physics, computer science, chemistry, ophthalmology, and more.




Advanced Applications of Fractional Differential Operators to Science and Technology


Book Description

Fractional-order calculus dates to the 19th century but has been resurrected as a prevalent research subject due to its provision of more adequate and realistic descriptions of physical aspects within the science and engineering fields. What was once a classical form of mathematics is currently being reintroduced as a new modeling technique that engineers and scientists are finding modern uses for. There is a need for research on all facets of these fractional-order systems and studies of its potential applications. Advanced Applications of Fractional Differential Operators to Science and Technology provides emerging research exploring the theoretical and practical aspects of novel fractional modeling and related dynamical behaviors as well as its applications within the fields of physical sciences and engineering. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as chaotic dynamics, ecological models, and bifurcation control, this book is ideally designed for engineering professionals, mathematicians, physicists, analysts, researchers, educators, and students seeking current research on fractional calculus and other applied mathematical modeling techniques.