IEEE Guide for the Interpretation of Gases Generated in Oil-Immersed Transformers


Book Description

Abstract: Detailed procedures for analyzing gas from gas spaces or gas-collecting devices as well as gas dissolved in oil are described. The procedures cover: 1) the calibration and use of field instruments for detecting and estimating the amount of combustible gases present in gas blankets above oil, or in gas detector relays; 2) the use of fixed instruments for detecting and determining the quantity of combustible gases present in gas-blanketed equipment; 3) obtaining samples of gas and oil from the transformer for laboratory analysis; 4) laboratory methods for analyzing the gas blanket and the gases extracted from the oil; and 5) interpreting the results in terms of transformer serviceability. The intent is to provide the operator with useful information concerning the serviceability of the equipment. An extensive bibliography on gas evolution, detection, and interpretation is included. Keywords: gas analysis, oil, oil-filled transformers, transformers.




Advances in Power Systems and Energy Management


Book Description

This book comprises select proceedings of the international conference ETAEERE 2020, and focuses on contemporary issues in energy management and energy efficiency in the context of power systems. The contents cover modeling, simulation and optimization based studies on topics like medium voltage BTB system, cost optimization of a ring frame unit in textile industry, rectenna for RF energy harvesting, ecology and energy dimension in infrastructural designs, study of AGC in two area hydro thermal power system, energy-efficient and reliable depth-based routing protocol for underwater wireless sensor network, and power line communication. This book can be beneficial for students, researchers as well as industry professionals.




High-Voltage Test and Measuring Techniques


Book Description

The new edition of this book incorporates the recent remarkable changes in electric power generation, transmission and distribution. The consequences of the latest development to High Voltage (HV) test and measuring techniques result in new chapters on Partial Discharge measurements, Measurements of Dielectric Properties, and some new thoughts on the Shannon Theorem and Impuls current measurements. This standard reference of the international high-voltage community combines high voltage engineering with HV testing techniques and HV measuring methods. Based on long-term experience gained by the authors the book reflects the state of the art as well as the future trends in testing and diagnostics of HV equipment. It ensures a reliable generation, transmission and distribution of electrical energy. The book is intended not only for experts but also for students in electrical engineering and high-voltage engineering.




High Voltage Test Techniques


Book Description

The second edition of High Voltage Test Techniques has been completely revised. The present revision takes into account the latest international developments in High Voltage and Measurement technology, making it an essential reference for engineers in the testing field. High Voltage Technology belongs to the traditional area of Electrical Engineering. However, this is not to say that the area has stood still. New insulating materials, computing methods and voltage levels repeatedly pose new problems or open up methods of solution; electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) or components and systems also demand increased attention. The authors hope that their experience will be of use to students of Electrical Engineering confronted with High Voltage problems in their studies, in research and development and also in the testing field. - Benefit from a completely revised edition - Brings you up-to-date with th latest international developments in High Voltage and Measurement technology - An essential reference for engineers in the testing field




Bushings for Power Transformers


Book Description

Bushings for Power Transformers, A Guide for Power Engineers There are number of good books on power transformers available in the marketplace and they go into much detail on the theories, designs, construction, components and testing of power transformers. However, they only devote one short chapter to bushings. Bushings are the most important component on your power transformer and one that is maybe least understood. This book will provide the Utility Power Engineer as well as the Utility Technician with a Handbook that will fast become the main reference tool when a bushing issue arises. For the Power Engineer who specifies new power transformers, it will become the go to handbook that will help them to avoid costly mistakes when specifying the bushings in their power transformer specification. This book will review the history of bushings for power transformers and will review the industry standards that apply to bushings. The book covers the different technologies used in bushing construction and will examine the techniques used in the selection of bushings for power transformers. It provides the basic information on bushing tests and how they relate to the power transformers. There is a chapter on maintenance and a guide for replacing bushings. The last chapter deals with a topic that occurs all too often, power transformer failures. This book provides a guide for investigating a power transformer failure when the bushing is suspect. The first hours after a failure is the most critical time help understand what caused the failure. This chapter will help the Utility reach the root cause of the event and hopefully prevent future failures. Every Power Engineer and Power Technician needs Bushings for Power Transformers in their bag of tools as they deal with their power transformers.







J & P Transformer Book


Book Description

Maintaining appropriate power systems and equipment expertise is necessary for a utility to support the reliability, availability, and quality of service goals demanded by energy consumers now and into the future. However, transformer talent is at a premium today, and all aspects of the power industry are suffering a diminishing of the supply of knowledgeable and experienced engineers.Now in print for over 80 years since initial publication in 1925 by Johnson & Phillips Ltd, the J & P Transformer Book continues to withstand the test of time as a key body of reference material for students, teachers, and all whose careers are involved in the engineering processes associated with power delivery, and particularly with transformer design, manufacture, testing, procurement, application, operation, maintenance, condition assessment and life extension.Current experience and knowledge have been brought into this thirteenth edition with discussions on moisture equilibrium in the insulation system, vegetable based natural ester insulating fluids, industry concerns with corrosive sulphur in oil, geomagnetic induced current (GIC) impacts, transportation issues, new emphasis on measurement of load related noise, and enhanced treatment of dielectric testing (including Frequency Response Analysis), Dissolved Gas analysis (DGA) techniques and tools, vacuum LTCs, shunt and series reactors, and HVDC converter transformers. These changes in the thirteenth edition together with updates of IEC reference Standards documentation and inclusion for the first time of IEEE reference Standards, provide recognition that the transformer industry and market is truly global in scale. -- From the foreword by Donald J. FallonMartin Heathcote is a consultant specializing in power transformers, primarily working for utilities. In this context he has established working relationships with transformer manufacturers on several continents. His background with Ferranti and the UK's Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB) included transformer design and the management and maintenance of transformer-based systems.* The definitive reference for all involved in designing, installing, monitoring and maintaining high-voltage systems using power transformers (electricity generation and distribution sector; large-scale industrial applications)* The classic reference work on power transformers and their applications: first published in 1925, now brought fully up to date in this thirteenth edition* A truly practical engineering approach to design, monitoring and maintenance of power transformers – in electricity generation, substations, and industrial applications.




IEEE Guide for the Application of Metal-oxide Surge Arresters for Alternating-current Systems


Book Description

The application of metal-oxide surge arresters to safeguard electric power equipment against the hazards of abnormally high voltage surges of various origins is covered. Step-by-step directions toward proper solutions of various applications are provided. In many cases, the prescribed steps are adequate. More complex and special solutions requiring study by experienced engineers are described, but specific solutions are not always given. The procedures are based on theoretical studies, test results, and experience.




IEEE Guide for Protective Relay Applications to Transmission Lines


Book Description

This newly developed guide compiles information on the application considerations of protective relays to ac transmission lines. The guide describes accepted transmission line protection schemes and the different electrical system parameters and situations that affect their application. Its purpose is to provide a reference for the selection of relay schemes and to assist less experienced protective relaying engineers in their application.




Power Transformer Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis


Book Description

Power transformers are a key asset for electricity utilities around the globe. However, aging populations of large power transformers require reliable monitoring and diagnostics techniques to extend the asset's lifetime and minimise the possibility of catastrophic failure. This book describes the most popular power transformer condition monitoring techniques from principles to practice.