Canadian Oceans Policy


Book Description

This book deals with Canada's oceans management policies since the conclusion of the 1982 Convention of the Law of the Sea. That Convention set out a jurisdictional framework for the management of the world's oceans, but it did not provide states with precise guidance on all the issues that can arise. As a state with one of the world's longest coastlines, Canada was one of the principal beneficiaries under the 1982 Convention regime. A study of Canadian policy is particularly significant, as Canadian oceans management places in relief many of the difficult questions yet to be resolved. The central theme of this book, whose multidisciplinary contributors include leading Canadian participants in the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea, as well as leading Canadian academic and government oceans specialists, concerns the adequacy of the Canadian management responses to a new oceans regime which grants substantial jurisdiction to the coastal state. The chapters look at dispute settlement (maritime boundaries) and examine future Canadian and international policy directions. They are both analytical and prophetic, providing an assessment of the past and presenting a glimpse of the future. Canadian Oceans Policy provides insights into how Canada is managing the oceans and ocean resources off its coast and looks at the problems that lie ahead. The book also makes a major contribution to our understanding of an increasingly vital area of global politics. It will be of interest both to academics and policymakers and to all those concerned with the future of the oceans.




Canadian Foreign Policy and the Law of Sea


Book Description

Since the 1960s, there have been intensive international negotiations to revise the law of the sea. These discussions culminated in the convening of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea in December 1973 and in four additional sessions up to September 1976. Whether the almost 150 participating states will be able to reach an accord in 1977 or later on, the myriad issues on their agenda is still uncertain. Two major issues have been the extension of coastal-state jurisdiction over resources and activities and the estblishment of an international regime to govern the exploitation of the deep seabed. Canada's most significant role has been that of a leader of the "coastal-state grouping," which has sought to expand states' jurisdiction over fisheries, seabed resources, scientific research, and pollution control within a 200-mile economic zone and sometimes beyond. A number of these Canadian policy goals have already been accepted by a large majority of the participants in the conference. In this role, Canada has found itsself opposed to many of its traditional allies among the developed nations with large fleets engaged in commerce in distant waters, and concerned about the traditional freedom of the high seas, and has aligned itself with the coastal developing nations of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The seven essays in this volume examine the development of Canadian policies on the major law of the sea issues and the outcome of the negotiations on them. In so doing, the studies have analysed Canada's dramatic seward expansion and involvement in one of teh most important United Nations Conferences.







Canadian Foreign Policy and International Economic Regimes


Book Description

As the world economy is becoming increasingly global in nature, the future of Canada's welfare will directly depend on the country's response and reaction to a wide range of economic regimes which govern the international economy. This volume is an important and timely analysis of past and current Canadian policies toward both the formal and less formal arrangements which regulate such areas as international trade and financial transactions, international service industries, fisheries resources, and the environment. Often influenced by domestic political concerns and its relations with the United States, Canada has, as the authors point out, exhibited a high degree of variation in its responses to these regimes. Canadian Foreign Policy and International Economic Regimes addresses a broad range of foreign economic policies not generally considered in the foreign policy literature. Interdisciplinary in its approach, it will be of interest to those in political science and public policy, economics, and law, as well as to those involved in international business.




Breaking the Ice


Book Description

The Hill Times: Best Books of 2017 The Arctic seabed, with its vast quantities of undiscovered resources, is the twenty-first century’s frontier. In Breaking the Ice: Canada, Sovereignty and the Arctic Extended Continental Shelf, Arctic policy expert Elizabeth Riddell-Dixon examines the political, legal, and scientific aspects of Canada’s efforts to delineate its Arctic extended continental shelf. The quality and quantity of the data collected and analyzed by the scientists and legal experts preparing Canada’s Arctic Submission for the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf, and the extensive collaboration with Canada’s Arctic neighbours is a good news story in Canadian foreign policy. As Arctic sovereignty continues to be a key concern for Canada and as the international legal regime is being observed by all five Arctic coastal states, it is crucial to continue to advance our understanding of the complex issues around this expanding area of national interest.







Canadian Foreign Policy 1966-1976


Book Description

This volume demonstrates Canada's continuing involvement with the United Nations and nato, the shifting emphasis away from some traditional concerns, and the Canadian perspective.




Salt Water Neighbors


Book Description

The United States and Canada are salt water neighbors on the Atlantic, Pacific and Arctic Oceans. Despite the general closeness of the political, economic and social relationship, the two States have approached their offshore areas from different perspectives. Canada has long supported expansion of exclusive national control over its adjacent offshore; whereas the United States has been concerned with the balance between national authority and international navigation rights. Canada has tended to view maritime disputes with the United States as local matters; whereas the United States has tended to see the disputes with Canada in global terms. Against this background, Salt Water Neighbor's examines both the international ocean law disagreements that exist between the United States and Canada respecting maritime boundaries, fisheries and navigation rights (e.g., the Northwest Passage) and the numerous cooperative bilateral arrangements that have prevented these disputes from being significant causes of friction between the neighbors. There has not been a comprehensive book-length study of United States-Canada international ocean relations since the early 1970s. Much has changed in the last 30 years. Most importantly, the law and the nature of the disputes between the two States have changed as a result of the adoption of 200 nautical mile zones in the late 1970s.




International Law and Politics of the Arctic Ocean


Book Description

International Law and Politics of the Arctic Ocean: Essays in Honor of Donat Pharand is a collection of essays in honor of Professor emeritus Donat Pharand by leading Arctic experts from around the globe. The volume offers a clear, concise and detailed analysis of many of the issues an expanded use of the Arctic Ocean raises and of critical importance for the legal and political processes unfolding in the Arctic region.




Canada and the International Seabed


Book Description

Canada and the International Seabed is the first in-depth study of the development of Canada's policy on deep seabed mining. Elizabeth Riddell-Dixon argues that Canada's position was determined by certain influential actors in the federal government. Lawyers in the Department of External Affairs and officers from the Department of Energy, Mines, and Resources formed the dominant coalition in the interaction between federal-provincial decision-makers, labour unions, and business groups at the United Nation's Third International Conference on the Law of the Sea.