CIRDAP Report


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Annual Report


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Report


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Poor and the Human Rights


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The UN Declaration on Human Rights has been fifty years old. A moment is needed to take stock and to look at the deficits which still exist in terms of human rights half a century later. The declaration of 1948 contains a comprehensive list of political, economic, social and cultural rights and aims at the protection of the freedom, equality, and human dignity of all human beings, irrespective of their race, gender, language or religion. Never before in history had there been such a far-reaching and solemn undertaking to protect each and every individual from all forms of oppression and deprivation. Two treaties adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1966 translate the ideas of the Human Rights Declaration into binding international law, and a High Commissioner for Human Rights, an office created as a result of the UN Human Rights Conference in Vienna in 1993, has been put in charge of monitoring the human rights situation and coordinate UN action on it. Numerous human rights NGOs all over the world, most important among them Amnesty International, have established themselves as additional watchdogs to guard against human rights violations.




Poverty Alleviation Through Agricultural Projects


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Of the estimated 1 billion people in the developing world who survive in conditions of extreme poverty, 70 percent live in Asia. The majority of these people live in rural areas and agriculture is their main occupation. Most of the rural poor are small and marginal farmers, landless agricultural workers, fisherfolk, artisans, female headed households, the aged and infirm, and children. The incidence of poverty is highest among female heads of households and children. The seminar on "Poverty Alleviation through Agricultural Projects" provided thirty development practitioners with an opportunity to consider strategies, policies, and practices that help alleviate rural poverty. The seminar discussed four key issues of relevance to policy makers: (1) poverty cannot be measured by income alone; (2) poverty cannot be alleviated through a short-term, piecemeal approach; (3) agricultural projects constitute one of the many means available to governments for alleviating rural poverty; and (4) the role of public sector in poverty alleviation needs to be reconsidered.




Microcredit and Agricultural Development


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There has been rapid progress in nanoscience over the last few years, particularly in the area of miniaturization. The present title Encyclopaedia of Nanoscience is the first scientifically detailed description of developments that will revolutionize most of the industrial processes and products currently in use. This ground breaking work draws on physics and chemistry to establish basic concepts and analytical tools and thus only it provides an indispensable introduction to the emerging field of Nanoscience, Scientific research is the ultimate tool in pushing forward the limit of understanding. But, as with any tool, research is only powerful if used properly, and to its full effects. The more we learn, the more we discover connections threading through biochemical and biophysical world. In writing this Encyclopaedia the author has made every effort to present these connections in a way that will help first time students of Nanoscience understand the subject and how very relevant it is to their lives. Volume Details: 1. Advanced Nanotechnology; 2. Progress in Nanotechnology; 3. Molecular Nanomachines; 4. Potentials of Nanotechnology; 5. Modern Concepts in Nanotechnology.




Economic Growth and Food Security


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NGOs and Microcredit


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Poverty Reduction through Sustainable Fisheries


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"Beyond previous more simplistic approaches, this book takes a giant step towards understanding and translating into people-centered policies the actual position and complexity of fish production in Southeast Asian economies. Tackling how fi sheries and aquaculture are embedded in local and household economies and linked through dynamic supply chains to more distant, even global markets, the book makes essential policy and analytical recommendations. SEARCA and ISEAS have made a major contribution to the intellectual debate and action agenda for Southeast Asian fisheries." Dr Meryl Williams, Chair of the Commission of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research




Decentralisation and Local Governance


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This is a collection of 20 essays, dedicated to Dr George Mathew, by eminent scholars and academics on decentralised governance and its importance in a globalising world. Based on emperical studies and paradigms of developed and developing countries, it has an overarching focus on India s panchayati raj institutions. The Seventy third constitution Amendment Act of 1992, by making PRIs mandatory, was a historic move towards deepening democracy and advancing development through decentralisation. Decentralisation programmes in other countries (e.g S.Africa and Pakistan ) are also reviewed. The book offers a comprehensive account of development and governance at the grassroots through a broad canvas of multiperspective and interdisciplinary presentations.