Clinical Applications of Cryobiology


Book Description

This book presents a state-of-the-art summary of the applications of low temperature to clinical situations, together with details of the underlying principles of biology. It provides specific information for the clinicians and research workers in a number of areas of current interest and attempts to provide a unifying theme of cryobiology of interest and value to those researching a clinical problem. Specific topics discussed include the effects of low temperatures on mammalian systems in the absence of ice and how the changes can be modulated to achieve desired results; low temperature storage of tissues and organs for transplantation in the liquid state; the effects of whole body hypothermia in man and how it relates to mammal hibernation; problems associated with ice formation and the subsequent freezing of cells and tissues; cryopreservation of blood cells, reproductive cells, and tissues, such as the skin and cornea. Other interesting issues featured include the developments in cryopreservation of large, highly-organized structures and the destructive powers of ice formation in cryosurgery of diseased tissues.




Preservation of Human Oocytes


Book Description

Oocyte cryopreservation entails important potential advantages for humanIVF, offering a less ethically disputable alternative to embryo cryopreservation,simplifying and making safer oocyte donation, and giving an opportunity forfertility preservation to women at risk of premature ovarian failure as an effectof genetic factors or chemo- or radiother




Life in the Frozen State


Book Description

While it is barely 50 years since the first reliable reports of the recovery of living cells frozen to cryogenic temperatures, there has been tremendous growth in the use of cryobiology in medicine, agriculture, horticulture, forestry, and the conservation of endangered or economically important species. As the first major text on cryobiolog




Cryopreservation Biotechnology in Biomedical and Biological Sciences


Book Description

Cryopreservation has many biotechnological applications in different fields. This has led to an increase in importance of cryobiology as a science that examines the effect of ultra-low temperatures on cells, tissues, organs and organisms and also the freezability of these structures, while maintaining their viability. Nowadays it is well known that this form of biotechnology can be used to solve a lot of problems such as human infertility, life threatening diseases, preservation of gametes and DNA and also biodiversity conservation. Cryopreservation Biotechnology in Biomedical and Biological Sciences describes principles and application of cryopreservation biotechnology in different research areas and includes seven chapters that have been written by experts in their research fields. The chapters included in this book are thought to improve the current understanding of the different areas of using cryopreservation biotechnology.




Principles and Practice of Fertility Preservation


Book Description

The specialty of fertility preservation offers patients with cancer, who are rendered infertile by chemo- and radiotherapy, the opportunity to realize their reproductive potential. This gold-standard publication defines the specialty. The full range of techniques and scientific concepts is covered in detail, and the author team includes many of the world's leading experts in the field. The book opens with introductions to fertility preservation in both cancer and non-cancer patients, followed by cancer biology, epidemiology and treatment, and reproductive biology and cryobiology. Subsequent sections cover fertility preservation strategies in males and females, including medical/surgical procedures, ART, cryopreservation and transplantation of both ovarian tissue and the whole ovary, and in-vitro follicle growth and maturation. Concluding chapters address future technologies, as well as ethical, legal and religious issues. Richly illustrated throughout, this is a key resource for all clinicians specializing in reproductive medicine, gynecology, oncology, hematology, endocrinology and infertility.




Cell Chemistry and Physiology: Part II


Book Description

This volume illustrates the extent to which the traditional distinction between biochemical and physiological processes is being obliterated by molecular biology. It can hardly be doubted that the revolution in cell and molecular biology is leading to core knowledge that provides an outline of the integrative and reductionist approach. We view this as the beginning of a new era, that of the integration of learning.As in the preceding volumes, the choice of topics has been deliberate not only because of the need to keep the volume within reasonable bounds but also because of the need to avoid information over-load. Several relevant topics are dealt with in other modules; for example, the role of G proteins in transmembrane signalling is covered in the Membranes and Cell Signalling module (i.e., Volume 7). Omissions are of course inevitable but they are minor. A case in point is the subject of phosphatases, the treatment of which does not take into account calcineurin. One of the key functions of this Ca2+ -activated protein phosphatase that is also regulated by calmodulin is to desphosphorylate voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. The mere recognition of such omissions before or after consulting textbooks and journals should be a spur to a more complete discussion by the student of the subject in a small group teaching setting.




Cryopreservation and Freeze-Drying Protocols


Book Description

In addition to outlining the fundamental principles associated with the conservation of biological resources, freeze-drying and cryopreservation, this text is a compilation of cryptopreservation and freeze-drying methodologies applicable to different biological materiels, developed by expert laboratories.




Cryopreservation


Book Description

Cryopreservation - Current Advances and Evaluations sheds light on storage of cells at subzero temperatures while ensuring that biological functionality is not compromised. Cryopreservation presents a perfect technique by which life can be preserved for posterity. However, there are many challenges to overcome and questions to answer, such as: Are organisms and metabolic systems functioning normally after cooling and thawing? This book provides comprehensive information on cryopreservation with a particular focus on cryoprotectant agents (CPAs). CPAs prevent ice from forming on cryogenically preserved cells, tissues, and organs, but can become toxic at high concentrations. As such, more research is needed to determine their precise mechanisms of action and to develop potential new CPAs that will not compromise the biology of cells. This book is an attempt in this direction.




Cell Chemistry and Physiology: Part IV


Book Description

This volume is intended to complete the Cell Chemistry and physiology module. It is about how the traditional boundaries of cell chemistry and physiology are being erased by molecular biology. We do not think it necessary to elaborate on this theme, particularly since the body of core knowledge found in this volume brings us a stage closer to answering the question, "what makes cell biology into a new discipline?"The first part of the volume deals with the chemistry of actin and myosin and is followed by chapters on cell motility, ATP synthesis in muscle, and contraction in smooth and skeletal muscle. Here the reader is immediately made aware of the contributions molecular biology is making to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying muscle contraction. It is perhaps enough to point out that Huxley's concept of the cross-bridge cycle and generation of force can now be explained in molecular terms. Topics such as muscle fatigue and muscle disorders, as well as malignant hyperthermia are bound to arouse active learning in the student and set the stage for problem-based learning.Most medical students look askance at thermobiology. We think this is a mistake; hence, we have included a section dealing with this subject. This brings us to the chapter on the heat shock response, which at the very outset makes clear that many stressors besides heat are known to result in heat shock gene expression. Many of the heat shock proteins occur in unstressed cells and some of them behave as chaperones. These proteins also reach high levels in a wide range of diseases including neurodegenerative disorders. Whether certain diseases are the result of mutations in the heat shock genes is not yet known. As will be appreciated, much of the work done in this field involved the use of cultured cells. Animal cells in culture are the subject of the last chapter.




Preservation of Cells


Book Description

Helps those that use cell preservation to develop new protocols or improve existing protocols This book provides readers with the tools needed to develop or debug a preservation protocol for cells. The core structure and content of the text grew from a professional short course that has been offered at the Biopreservation Core Resource for the last 10 years. This comprehensive text describes, step by step, the individual elements of a protocol, including the relevant scientific principles for each phase of the protocol. It can be used by anyone who is involved in cell preservation—even by those who are not experts in freezing of cells—because it provides the scientific basis for those that want to understand the basis for the protocol. Preservation of Cells: A Practical Manual begins by first introducing readers to the subject of preserving cells. It then goes on to cover Pre-freeze Processing and Characterization; Formulation and Introduction of Cryopreservation Solutions; Freezing Protocols; Storage and Shipping of Frozen Cells; Thawing and Post Thaw Processing; Post-thaw Assessment; and Algorithm-driven Protocol Optimization. Clearly explains the reasons behind every step in the development of a preservation protocol and the scientific principles behind them Provides alternative modes of preservation for when conventional methods of cryopreservation are not appropriate for a given cell type or application Enables more organization to achieve improved post thaw recoveries and process consistency Preservation of Cells: A Practical Manual is an important book for researchers, laboratory technicians and students in cell biology, stem cell biology, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. It is also useful to cell bankers, regenerative medicine, biomarker discovery or precision medicine companies, and cell therapy labs, blood bankers, biobankers, and biotechnology companies.