Clinical MR Imaging


Book Description

This book offers practical guidelines for performing efficient and cost-effective MRI examinations. By adopting a practical protocol-based approach the work-flow in a MRI unit can be streamlined and optimized. All chapters have been thoroughly reviewed, and new techniques and figures are included. There is a new chapter on MRI of the chest. This book will help beginners to implement the protocols and will update the knowledge of more experienced users.




Parallel Imaging in Clinical MR Applications


Book Description

This book presents the first in-depth introduction to parallel imaging techniques and, in particular, to the application of parallel imaging in clinical MRI. It will provide readers with a broader understanding of the fundamental principles of parallel imaging and of the advantages and disadvantages of specific MR protocols in clinical applications in all parts of the body at 1.5 and 3 Tesla.




Clinical MR Imaging and Physics


Book Description

Keywords Spin › Electromagnetic radiation › Resonance › Nucleus › Hydrogen › Proton › Certain atomic nuclei possess inherent magnetic Let us summarize the MRI procedure. Te patient properties called spin, and can interact with electro- is placed in a magnetic feld and becomes temporarily 1 magnetic (EM) radiation through a process called magnetized. Resonance is achieved through the - resonance. When such nuclei absorb EM energy they plication of specifc pulses of EM radiation, which is proceed to an excited, unstable confguration. Upon absorbed by the patient. Subsequently, the excess - return to equilibrium, the excess energy is released, ergy is liberated and measured. Te captured signal producing the MR signal. Tese processes are not is processed by a computer and converted to a gray random, but obey predefned rules. scale (MR) image. Te simplest nucleus is that of hydrogen (H), con- Why do we need to place the patient in a m- sisting of only one particle, a proton. Because of its net? Because the earth’s magnetic feld is too weak to abundance in humans and its strong MR signal, H be clinically useful; it varies from 0. 3–0. 7 Gauss (G). is the most useful nucleus for clinical MRI. Tus, foC r urrent clinical MR systems operate at low, mid or our purposes, MRI refers to MRI of hydrogen, and for h igh feld strength ranging from 0. 1 to 3.




MRI in Clinical Practice


Book Description

MRI is a continually evolving and expanding subject making an ever-increasing impact on medical practice. There are many comprehensive large MRI textbooks on the market but there is a distinct lack of short pocket-sized reference books to suit the growing number of people from various disciplines working in the medical imaging field today. This book provides an easily accessible source of reference material to supplement existing large texts.




Essentials of Clinical MR


Book Description

Over 650 images clearly illustrate the MR appearance of each disease.




Clinical Cardiac MRI


Book Description

This extensively illustrated volume has been specifically geared towards optimal use of MRI systems. The text provides essential theoretical background information: Imaging acquisition and potential pitfalls are also examined in detail. Most importantly, structured guidelines are provided on the interpretation of clinical data in the wide range of cardiac pathology that can be encountered.




Clinical MRI of the Abdomen


Book Description

This volume, which explains why, when, and how abdominal MRI should be used, focuses in particular on the most recent developments in the field. After introductory chapters on technical considerations, protocol optimization, and contrast agents, MRI of the various solid and hollow viscera of the abdomen is addressed in a series of detailed chapters. Relevant clinical information is provided, and state of the art protocols presented. With the help of numerous high-quality illustrations, normal, variant, and abnormal imaging findings are described and potential artefacts highlighted. Differential diagnosis is given extensive consideration, and comparisons are made with competing methodologies when relevant. Each of the chapters is rounded off by a section on "pearls and pitfalls". The closing chapters focus on findings in the pediatric abdomen, advances in MRI specifically relevant to cancer patients, and the use of abdominal MRI at 3 Tesla. This book, written by leading experts, will be of value to all who are involved in learning, performing, interpreting, and reporting abdominal MRI examinations.




Magnetic Resonance Imaging


Book Description

New edition explores contemporary MRI principles and practices Thoroughly revised, updated and expanded, the second edition of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical Principles and Sequence Design remains the preeminent text in its field. Using consistent nomenclature and mathematical notations throughout all the chapters, this new edition carefully explains the physical principles of magnetic resonance imaging design and implementation. In addition, detailed figures and MR images enable readers to better grasp core concepts, methods, and applications. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Second Edition begins with an introduction to fundamental principles, with coverage of magnetization, relaxation, quantum mechanics, signal detection and acquisition, Fourier imaging, image reconstruction, contrast, signal, and noise. The second part of the text explores MRI methods and applications, including fast imaging, water-fat separation, steady state gradient echo imaging, echo planar imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and induced magnetism. Lastly, the text discusses important hardware issues and parallel imaging. Readers familiar with the first edition will find much new material, including: New chapter dedicated to parallel imaging New sections examining off-resonance excitation principles, contrast optimization in fast steady-state incoherent imaging, and efficient lower-dimension analogues for discrete Fourier transforms in echo planar imaging applications Enhanced sections pertaining to Fourier transforms, filter effects on image resolution, and Bloch equation solutions when both rf pulse and slice select gradient fields are present Valuable improvements throughout with respect to equations, formulas, and text New and updated problems to test further the readers' grasp of core concepts Three appendices at the end of the text offer review material for basic electromagnetism and statistics as well as a list of acquisition parameters for the images in the book. Acclaimed by both students and instructors, the second edition of Magnetic Resonance Imaging offers the most comprehensive and approachable introduction to the physics and the applications of magnetic resonance imaging.




Clinical MR Neuroimaging


Book Description

Covers each physiological MR methodology and their applications to all major neurological diseases.




Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging


Book Description

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a 'go-to' reference for methods and applications of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging, with specific sections on Relaxometry, Perfusion, and Diffusion. Each section will start with an explanation of the basic techniques for mapping the tissue property in question, including a description of the challenges that arise when using these basic approaches. For properties which can be measured in multiple ways, each of these basic methods will be described in separate chapters. Following the basics, a chapter in each section presents more advanced and recently proposed techniques for quantitative tissue property mapping, with a concluding chapter on clinical applications. The reader will learn: - The basic physics behind tissue property mapping - How to implement basic pulse sequences for the quantitative measurement of tissue properties - The strengths and limitations to the basic and more rapid methods for mapping the magnetic relaxation properties T1, T2, and T2* - The pros and cons for different approaches to mapping perfusion - The methods of Diffusion-weighted imaging and how this approach can be used to generate diffusion tensor - maps and more complex representations of diffusion - How flow, magneto-electric tissue property, fat fraction, exchange, elastography, and temperature mapping are performed - How fast imaging approaches including parallel imaging, compressed sensing, and Magnetic Resonance - Fingerprinting can be used to accelerate or improve tissue property mapping schemes - How tissue property mapping is used clinically in different organs - Structured to cater for MRI researchers and graduate students with a wide variety of backgrounds - Explains basic methods for quantitatively measuring tissue properties with MRI - including T1, T2, perfusion, diffusion, fat and iron fraction, elastography, flow, susceptibility - enabling the implementation of pulse sequences to perform measurements - Shows the limitations of the techniques and explains the challenges to the clinical adoption of these traditional methods, presenting the latest research in rapid quantitative imaging which has the possibility to tackle these challenges - Each section contains a chapter explaining the basics of novel ideas for quantitative mapping, such as compressed sensing and Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting-based approaches