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Cognitive Mechanisms of Belief Change

Author : Aaron C. T. Smith

Publisher : Springer

Page : 279 pages

File Size : 29,68 MB

Release : 2016-05-22

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1137578955

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Book Description

Belief change lies at the heart of all human aspirations. From career progression, weight loss, spiritual commitment, and ideological passion, to love, grief, war, identity, and sport, beliefs guide our lives and to a great extent, determine our success, satisfaction and happiness. Cognitive Mechanisms of Belief Change is relevant to anyone interested in the machinations of how this occurs. It explains how certain ideas and concepts steal a place in the mind because they latch on to hardwired ways of thinking, experiencing, and behaving. Concepts throw light upon the mind’s desires, which in turn casts a kaleidoscope of silhouettes against the walls of thought, with those taking distinct shape forging the outlines for beliefs to inhabit. Beliefs infiltrate our minds, and this book shows how they arrive and change in ways critical to our sense of meaning and identity.



Resistance to Belief Change

Author : Joseph R. Lao

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 303 pages

File Size : 25,48 MB

Release : 2019-09-30

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1351378406

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Book Description

This book examines the human proclivity to resist changing our beliefs. Drawing on psychological, neurological, and philosophical research, and integrating topics as wide ranging as emotion, cognition, social (and physical) context, and learning theory, Lao and Young explore why this resistance to change impedes our learning and progression. They also suggest that failure to adapt our beliefs to available and informed evidence can incur costs that may be seen in personal growth, politics, science, law, medicine, education, and business. Resistance to Belief Change explores the various manifestations of resistance, including overt, discursive, and especially inertial forms of resistance. As well as the influential factors that can impact upon them, the book also examines how the self-directed learner, as well as teachers, may structure the learning experience to overcome resistance and facilitate progressive and adaptive learning. Lao and Young find that the impediments to learning and resistance to change are far more prevalent and costly than previously suggested in research, and so this book will be of interest to a range of people in cognitive development, social psychology, and clinical and educational psychology.



The Aim of Belief

Author : Timothy Chan

Publisher : OUP Oxford

Page : 257 pages

File Size : 41,72 MB

Release : 2013-12-05

Category : Philosophy

ISBN : 0191652237

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Book Description

What is belief? "Beliefs aim at truth" is the commonly accepted starting point for philosophers who want to give an adequate account of this fundamental state of mind, but it raises as many questions as it answers. For example, in what sense can beliefs be said to have an aim of their own? If belief aims at truth, does it mean that reasons to believe must also be based on truth? Must beliefs be formed on the basis of evidence alone? Is truth the constitutive norm of belief? Does aiming at truth bring in a normative dimension to the nature of belief? How can the aim of truth guide the formation of our beliefs? In what ways do partial beliefs aim at truth? Is truth the aim of epistemic justification? Last but not least, is it knowledge rather than truth which is the fundamental aim of belief? In recent years, pursuing these questions has proved extremely fertile for our understanding of a wide range of current issues in philosophy of mind and action, epistemology, and meta-ethics. The Aim of Belief is the first book to be devoted to this fast-growing topic. It brings together eleven newly commissioned essays by leading authors on the aim of belief. The volume not only reflects the state of the art, but further advances the current debate. It will be key reading for researchers and students of philosophy interested in mind, knowledge and reason.



The Methods of Science and Religion

Author : Tiddy Smith

Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield

Page : 237 pages

File Size : 39,94 MB

Release : 2019-07-05

Category : Philosophy

ISBN : 1498582397

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Book Description

Tiddy Smith argues that the conflict between science and religion is ultimately a disagreement about what kinds of methods we should use for investigating the world. Specifically, scientists and religious folk disagree over which belief-forming methods are reliable. In the course of justifying any scientific claim, scientists typically appeal to methods which generate agreement between independent investigators, and which converge on the same answers to the same questions. In contrast, religious claims are typically justified by methods which neither generate agreement nor converge in their results (for example, dreams, visions, mystical experiences etc.). This fundamental difference in methodologies can neatly account for the conflict between science and religion.



Cognitive Therapy for Command Hallucinations

Author : Alan Meaden

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 350 pages

File Size : 18,91 MB

Release : 2013-02-11

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1136200940

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Book Description

Auditory hallucinations rank amongst the most treatment resistant symptoms of schizophrenia, with command hallucinations being the most distressing, high risk and treatment resistant of all. This new work provides clinicians with a detailed guide, illustrating in depth the techniques and strategies developed for working with command hallucinations. Woven throughout with key cases and clinical examples, Cognitive Therapy for Command Hallucinations clearly demonstrates how these techniques can be applied in a clinical setting. Strategies and solutions for overcoming therapeutic obstacles are shown alongside treatment successes and failures to provide the reader with an accurate understanding of the complexities of cognitive therapy. This helpful and practical guide with be of interest to clinical and forensic psychologists, cognitive behavioural therapists, nurses and psychiatrists.



The Handbook of Behavior Change

Author : Martin S. Hagger

Publisher : Cambridge University Press

Page : 730 pages

File Size : 46,54 MB

Release : 2020-07-15

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1108750117

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Book Description

Social problems in many domains, including health, education, social relationships, and the workplace, have their origins in human behavior. The documented links between behavior and social problems have compelled governments and organizations to prioritize and mobilize efforts to develop effective, evidence-based means to promote adaptive behavior change. In recognition of this impetus, The Handbook of Behavior Change provides comprehensive coverage of contemporary theory, research, and practice on behavior change. It summarizes current evidence-based approaches to behavior change in chapters authored by leading theorists, researchers, and practitioners from multiple disciplines, including psychology, sociology, behavioral science, economics, philosophy, and implementation science. It is the go-to resource for researchers, students, practitioners, and policy makers looking for current knowledge on behavior change and guidance on how to develop effective interventions to change behavior.



Beck's Cognitive Therapy

Author : Frank Wills

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 97 pages

File Size : 17,59 MB

Release : 2021-08-31

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1000430200

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Book Description

Beck's Cognitive Therapy explores the key contributions made by Aaron T. Beck to the development of cognitive behaviour therapy. The book describes the development of the unique model of therapy developed by Professor Aaron. T. Beck and his daughter, Dr. Judith. S. Beck. The first part on theory explains how the Becks understand psychological problems. The second part on practice describes the main methods and skills that have evolved in cognitive therapy. Updated throughout to include recent developments, this revised edition of Beck's Cognitive Therapy will be ideal for both newcomers and experienced practitioners.



Personal Epistemology

Author : Barbara K. Hofer

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 429 pages

File Size : 13,82 MB

Release : 2012-08-21

Category : Education

ISBN : 113660863X

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Book Description

This is the first book to provide a comprehensive overview of the theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of personal epistemology from a psychological and educational perspective. Both theory building and empirical research have grown dramatically in the past decade but, until now, this work has not been pulled together in a single volume. That is the mission of this volume whose state-of-the-art theory and research are likely to define the field for the next 20 years. Key features of this important new book include: *Pioneering Contributors--The book provides current perspectives of each of the major theoreticians and researchers who pioneered this growing field, as well as contributions from new researchers. *Diverse Perspectives--The contributors represent a variety of perspectives, including education, educational psychology, developmental psychology, higher education, and science and mathematics education. *Editorial Integration--Opening and closing chapters by the editors set out key issues confronting the field.



Dynamics Of Crowd-minds: Patterns Of Irrationality In Emotions, Beliefs And Actions

Author : Andrew Adamatzky

Publisher : World Scientific

Page : 265 pages

File Size : 39,31 MB

Release : 2005-05-30

Category : Science

ISBN : 9814480606

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Book Description

A crowd-mind emerges when formation of a crowd causes fusion of individual minds into one collective mind. Members of the crowd lose their individuality. The deindividuation leads to derationalization: emotional, impulsive and irrational behavior, self-catalytic activities, memory impairment, perceptual distortion, hyper-responsiveness, and distortion of traditional forms and structures. This book presents unique results of computational studies on cognitive and affective space-time processes in large-scale collectives of abstract agents being far from mental equilibrium. Computational experiments demonstrate that the irrational and nonsensical behavior of individual entities of crowd-mind results in complex, rich and non-trivial spatio-temporal dynamics of the agent collectives. Mathematical methods employ theory and techniques of cellular-automata and lattice swarms, applied algebra, theory of finite automata and Markov chains, and elementary differential equations.



The Evolution of Religion, Religiosity and Theology

Author : Jay R. Feierman

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 301 pages

File Size : 47,43 MB

Release : 2019-09-11

Category : Religion

ISBN : 1000704858

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Book Description

This book takes a multi-dimensional and multi-disciplinary approach to religion, religiosity and theology from their earliest beginnings to the present day. It uniquely brings together the natural sciences and theology to explore how religious practice emerged and developed through the four sections into which the book is organized: Evolutionary biology; Philosophical linguistics, psychology and neuroscience; Theology and Anthropology. The volume features an international panel of contributors who develop an innovative picture of religion as a culturally-created social institution; religiosity as a more personal and subjective anthropological element of people expressed through religion; and theology as the study of god. To survive in changing times, living systems — a good characterization of religion, religiosity and theology — all must adaptively evolve. This is a vital study of a rapidly burgeoning field. As such, it will be of great interest to scholars in religious studies and theology as well as in the psychological, sociological, and anthropological study of religion.