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Mind-Body Problems

Author : John Horgan

Publisher : Independently Published

Page : 248 pages

File Size : 13,17 MB

Release : 2019-01-16

Category : Philosophy

ISBN : 9781731440488

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Book Description

Science journalist John Horgan presents a radical new perspective on the mind-body problem and related issues such as consciousness, free will, morality and the meaning of life. Horgan argues that science will never discover an objectively true solution to the mind-body problem because such a solution does not exist. Horgan explores his thesis by delving into the professional and personal lives of nine mind-body experts, including neuroscientist Christof Koch, cognitive scientist Douglas Hofstadter, child psychologist Alison Gopnik, complexologist Stuart Kauffman, legal scholar and psychoanalyst Elyn Saks, philosopher Owen Flanagan, novelist Rebecca Goldstein, evolutionary biologist Robert Trivers, and economist Deirdre McCloskey.



Mind, Body, World

Author : Michael R. W. Dawson

Publisher : Athabasca University Press

Page : 506 pages

File Size : 36,43 MB

Release : 2013

Category : Computers

ISBN : 1927356172

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Book Description

Cognitive science arose in the 1950s when it became apparent that a number of disciplines, including psychology, computer science, linguistics, and philosophy, were fragmenting. Perhaps owing to the field's immediate origins in cybernetics, as well as to the foundational assumption that cognition is information processing, cognitive science initially seemed more unified than psychology. However, as a result of differing interpretations of the foundational assumption and dramatically divergent views of the meaning of the term information processing, three separate schools emerged: classical cognitive science, connectionist cognitive science, and embodied cognitive science. Examples, cases, and research findings taken from the wide range of phenomena studied by cognitive scientists effectively explain and explore the relationship among the three perspectives. Intended to introduce both graduate and senior undergraduate students to the foundations of cognitive science, Mind, Body, World addresses a number of questions currently being asked by those practicing in the field: What are the core assumptions of the three different schools? What are the relationships between these different sets of core assumptions? Is there only one cognitive science, or are there many different cognitive sciences? Giving the schools equal treatment and displaying a broad and deep understanding of the field, Dawson highlights the fundamental tensions and lines of fragmentation that exist among the schools and provides a refreshing and unifying framework for students of cognitive science.



Soul, Mind and Brain from Descartes to Cognitive Science

Author : Paolo Pecere

Publisher : Springer Nature

Page : 142 pages

File Size : 29,27 MB

Release : 2020-10-15

Category : Philosophy

ISBN : 3030514633

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Book Description

This interdisciplinary book ties the historical work of Descartes to his successors through current research and critical overviews on the neuroscience of consciousness, the brain, and cognition. This text is the first historical survey to focus on the cohesions and discontinuities between historical and contemporary thinkers working in philosophy, physiology, psychology, and neuroscience. The book introduces and analyzes early discussions of consciousness, such as: metaphysical alternatives to scientific explanations of consciousness and its connection to brain activity; claims about the possibilities and limits of neuroscientific accounts of consciousness and cognition; and the proposition of a “non-reductive naturalism” concerning phenomenal consciousness and rationality. The author assesses the contributions of early philosophers and scientists on brain, consciousness and cognition, among them: Descartes, Malebranche, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Newton, Haller, Kant, Fechner, Helmholtz and du Bois-Reymond. The work of these pioneers is related to that of modern researchers in physiology, psychology, neuroscience and philosophy of mind, including: Freud, Hilary Putnam, Herbert Feigl, Gerald Edelman, Jean-Pierre Changeux, Daniel Dennett and David Chalmers, amongst others. This text appeals to researchers and advanced students in the field.



Philosophy of Mind

Author : William Bechtel

Publisher : Psychology Press

Page : 177 pages

File Size : 12,85 MB

Release : 2013-12-02

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1317785428

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Book Description

Specifically designed to make the philosophy of mind intelligible to those not trained in philosophy, this book provides a concise overview for students and researchers in the cognitive sciences. Emphasizing the relevance of philosophical work to investigations in other cognitive sciences, this unique text examines such issues as the meaning of language, the mind-body problem, the functionalist theories of cognition, and intentionality. As he explores the philosophical issues, Bechtel draws connections between philosophical views and theoretical and experimental work in such disciplines as cognitive psychology, artificial intelligence, linguistics, neuroscience, and anthropology.



Foundations of Cognitive Science

Author : Michael I. Posner

Publisher : MIT Press (MA)

Page : 970 pages

File Size : 45,86 MB

Release : 1989

Category : Cognition

ISBN :

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Book Description

What is cognitive science? The Foundations of Cognitive Science answers this question in a way that gives a feeling for the excitement, ferment, and accomplishments of this new field. It is the first broad treatment of cognitive science at an advanced level. Complete and authoritative, The Foundations of Cognitive Science covers the major architectures; provides background in philosophy linguistics, cognitive psychology, and neuroscience; and deals with methods for studying both brain and mind. All of the chapters have been written especially for the book by the leading scholars in the field. The foundations of cognitive science are developed in seven chapters covering computation, symbolic architectures, parallel distributed processing, grammars, semantics and formal logic, experimental cognitive science, and brain and cognition. These are then applied to the major cognitive domains of language acquisition, reading, discourse, mental models, categories and induction, problem solving, vision, visual attention, memory, action and motor control. The Foundations of Cognitive Science concludes with an assessment by a philosopher and a cognitive anthropologist. Michael I. Posner is Professor of Psychology at the University of Oregon. A Bradford Book. Contributors: Herbert A. SimonCraig A. KaplanZenon W. PylyshynAllen NewellJohn E. LairdPaul S. RosenbloomDavid E. RumelhartThomas WasowJon BarwiseJohn EtchemendyGordon H. BawerJohn P. ClapperTerrence J. SejnowskiPatricia Smith ChurchlandSteven PinkerAlexander PollatsekKeith RaynerBarbara J. GroszCandace L. SidnerMartha E. PollackP. N. Johnson-LairdEdward E. SmithKurt VanLehnEllen C. HildrethShimon UllmanAlan AllportDaniel L. SchacterDavid A. RosenbaumMichael I. JordanE. BizziF. A. Mussa IvaldiRoy D'AndradeGilbert Harman Contents: Computation, Symbolic Architectures, Parallel Distributed Processing, Grammars, Semantics and Formal Logic, Experimental Cognitive Science, Brain and Cognition, Language Acquisition, Reading, Discourse, Mental Models, Categories and Induction, Problem Solving, Vision, Visual Attention, Memory, Action, Motor Control, Culture, Philosophical Critique



Cognitive Science

Author : Jay Friedenberg

Publisher : SAGE Publications

Page : 829 pages

File Size : 45,97 MB

Release : 2015-09-23

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1483347427

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Book Description

In Cognitive Science 3e Friedenberg and Silverman provide a solid understanding of the major theoretical and empirical contributions of cognitive science. Their text, thoroughly updated for this new third edition, describes the major theories of mind as well as the major experimental results that have emerged within each cognitive science discipline. Throughout history, different fields of inquiry have attempted to understand the great mystery of mind and answer questions like: What is the mind? How do we see, think, and remember? Can we create machines that are conscious and capable of self-awareness? This books examines these questions and many more. Focusing on the approach of a particular cognitive science field in each chapter, the authors describe its methodology, theoretical perspective, and findings and then offer a critical evaluation of the field. Features: Offers a wide-ranging, comprehensive, and multidisciplinary introduction to the field of cognitive science and issues of mind. Interdisciplinary Crossroads” sections at the end of each chapter focus on research topics that have been investigated from multiple perspectives, helping students to understand the link between varying disciplines and cognitive science. End-of-chapter “Summing Up” sections provide a concise summary of the major points addressed in each chapter to facilitate student comprehension and exam preparation “Explore More” sections link students to the Student Study Site where the authors have provided activities to help students more quickly master course content and prepare for examinations Supplements: A password-protected Instructor’s Resource contains PowerPoint lectures, a test bank and other pedagogical material.The book's Study Site features Web links, E-flash cards, and interactive quizzes.



Embodiment and Cognitive Science

Author : Raymond W. Gibbs, Jr

Publisher : Cambridge University Press

Page : 347 pages

File Size : 22,84 MB

Release : 2005-12-05

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1139447386

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Book Description

This 2006 book explores how people's subjective, felt experiences of their bodies in action provide part of the fundamental grounding for human cognition and language. Cognition is what occurs when the body engages the physical and cultural world and must be studied in terms of the dynamical interactions between people and the environment. Human language and thought emerge from recurring patterns of embodied activity that constrain ongoing intelligent behavior. We must not assume cognition to be purely internal, symbolic, computational, and disembodied, but seek out the gross and detailed ways that language and thought are inextricably shaped by embodied action. Embodiment and Cognitive Science describes the abundance of empirical evidence from many disciplines, including work on perception, concepts, imagery and reasoning, language and communication, cognitive development, and emotions and consciousness, that support the idea that the mind is embodied.



Psychoanalysis and the Mind-Body Problem

Author : Jon Mills

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 234 pages

File Size : 15,72 MB

Release : 2022-04-28

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1000578909

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Book Description

Winner of the 2022 NAAP Gradiva Award for Best Edited Book In this volume, internationally acclaimed psychoanalysts, philosophers, and scholars of humanities examine the mind-body problem and provide differing analyses on the nature of mind, unconscious structure, mental properties, qualia, and the contours of consciousness. Given that disciplines from the humanities and the social sciences to neuroscience cannot agree upon the nature of consciousness—from what constitutes psychic reality to mental properties, psychoanalysis has a unique perspective that is largely ignored by mainstream paradigms. This book provides a comprehensive exploration of the mind-body problem in various psychoanalytic schools of thought, including philosophical and metapsychological points of view. Psychoanalysis and the Mind-Body Problem will be of interest to psychoanalysts, philosophers, neuroscientists, evolutionary biologists, academics, and those generally interested in the humanities, cognitive science, and the philosophy of mind.



Representations

Author : Jerry A. Fodor

Publisher : MIT Press

Page : 357 pages

File Size : 48,28 MB

Release : 1983

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 0262560275

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Book Description

These essays will shape discussion in the philosophy of psychology for years to come. A collection of eleven essays dealing with methodological and empirical issues in cognitive science and in the philosophy of mind, Representations convincingly connects philosophical speculation to concrete empirical research.One of the outstanding methodological issues dealt with is the status of functionalism considered as an alternative to behavioristic and physicalistic accounts. of mental states and properties. The other issue is the status of reductionism considered as an account of the relation between the psychological and physical sciences. The first chapters present the main lines of argument which have made functionalism the currently favored philosophical approach to ontology of the mental.The outlines of a psychology of propositional attitudes which emerges from consideration of current developments in cognitive science are contained in the remaining essays.Not all of these essays are re-presentations. The new introductory essay seeks to present an overview and gives some detailed proposals about the contribution that functionalism makes to the solutions of problems about intentionality. The concluding essay, also not previously published, is a sustained examination of the relation between theories about the structure of concepts and theories about how they are learned. Finally, the essay "Three cheers for propositional attitudes", a critical examination of some of D. C. Dennett's ideas, has been completely rewritten for this volume. A Bradford Book.



Minds, Brains and Science

Author : John R. Searle

Publisher : Harvard University Press

Page : 116 pages

File Size : 27,24 MB

Release : 1986-01-01

Category : History

ISBN : 0674267214

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Book Description

Minds, Brains and Science takes up just the problems that perplex people, and it does what good philosophy always does: it dispels the illusion caused by the specious collision of truths. How do we reconcile common sense and science? John Searle argues vigorously that the truths of common sense and the truths of science are both right and that the only question is how to fit them together. Searle explains how we can reconcile an intuitive view of ourselves as conscious, free, rational agents with a universe that science tells us consists of mindless physical particles. He briskly and lucidly sets out his arguments against the familiar positions in the philosophy of mind, and details the consequences of his ideas for the mind-body problem, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, questions of action and free will, and the philosophy of the social sciences.