Author : David Paganin
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 36,61 MB
Release : 2006-01-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0198567286
X-ray optics is undergoing a renaissance, which may be paralleled to that experienced by visible-light optics following the invention of the laser. The associated surge of activity in "coherent" x-ray optics has been documented in this monograph, the first of its type in the field.
Author : David Paganin
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 23,14 MB
Release : 2006-01-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 019152431X
This book gives a thorough treatment of the rapidly-expanding field of coherent x-ray optics, which has recently experienced something of a renaissance with the availability of third-generation synchrotron sources. It is the first book of its kind. The author begins with a treatment of the fundamentals of x-ray diffraction for both coherent and partially coherent radiation, together with the interactions of x-rays with matter. X-ray sources, optics elements and detectors are then discussed, with an emphasis on their role in coherent x-ray optics. Various facets of coherent x-ray imaging are then discussed, including holography, interferometry, self imaging, phase contrast and phase retrieval. Lastly, the foundations of the new field of singular x-ray optics are examined. Most topics are developed from first principles, with numerous references given to the contemporary research literature. This book will be useful to x-ray physicists and students, together with optical physicists and engineers who wish to learn more about the fascinating subject of coherent x-ray optics.
Author : Tim Salditt
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 634 pages
File Size : 28,70 MB
Release : 2020-06-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 3030344134
This open access book, edited and authored by a team of world-leading researchers, provides a broad overview of advanced photonic methods for nanoscale visualization, as well as describing a range of fascinating in-depth studies. Introductory chapters cover the most relevant physics and basic methods that young researchers need to master in order to work effectively in the field of nanoscale photonic imaging, from physical first principles, to instrumentation, to mathematical foundations of imaging and data analysis. Subsequent chapters demonstrate how these cutting edge methods are applied to a variety of systems, including complex fluids and biomolecular systems, for visualizing their structure and dynamics, in space and on timescales extending over many orders of magnitude down to the femtosecond range. Progress in nanoscale photonic imaging in Göttingen has been the sum total of more than a decade of work by a wide range of scientists and mathematicians across disciplines, working together in a vibrant collaboration of a kind rarely matched. This volume presents the highlights of their research achievements and serves as a record of the unique and remarkable constellation of contributors, as well as looking ahead at the future prospects in this field. It will serve not only as a useful reference for experienced researchers but also as a valuable point of entry for newcomers.
Author : Jay Theodore Cremer Jr.
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 1124 pages
File Size : 38,48 MB
Release : 2013-02-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 0124071597
Covering a wide range of topics related to neutron and x-ray optics, this book explores the aspects of neutron and x-ray optics and their associated background and applications in a manner accessible to both lower-level students while retaining the detail necessary to advanced students and researchers. It is a self-contained book with detailed mathematical derivations, background, and physical concepts presented in a linear fashion. A wide variety of sources were consulted and condensed to provide detailed derivations and coverage of the topics of neutron and x-ray optics as well as the background material needed to understand the physical and mathematical reasoning directly related or indirectly related to the theory and practice of neutron and x-ray optics. The book is written in a clear and detailed manner, making it easy to follow for a range of readers from undergraduate and graduate science, engineering, and medicine. It will prove beneficial as a standalone reference or as a complement to textbooks. - Supplies a historical context of covered topics. - Detailed presentation makes information easy to understand for researchers within or outside the field. - Incorporates reviews of all relevant literature in one convenient resource.
Author : Carolyn A. MacDonald
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 23,26 MB
Release : 2017-06-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 0691139652
In this book, Carolyn A. MacDonald provides a comprehensive introduction to the physics of a wide range of x-ray applications, optics, and analysis tools. Theory is applied to practical considerations of optics and applications ranging from astronomy to medical imaging and materials analysis. Emphasizing common physical concepts that underpin diverse phenomena and applications of x-ray physics, the book opens with a look at nuclear medicine, motivating further investigations into scattering, detection, and noise statistics. The second section explores topics in x-ray generation, including characteristic emission, x-ray fluorescence analysis, bremsstrahlung emission, and synchrotron and laser sources. The third section details the main forms of interaction, including the physics of photoelectric absorption, coherent and Compton scattering, diffraction, and refractive, reflective, and diffractive optics. Applications in this section include x-ray spectroscopy, crystallography, and dose and contrast in radiography. A bibliography is included at the end of every chapter, and solutions to chapter problems are provided in the appendix. Based on a course for advanced undergraduates and graduate students in physics and related sciences and also intended for researchers, An Introduction to X-Ray Physics, Optics, and Applications offers a thorough survey of the physics of x-ray generation and of interaction with materials. Common aspects of diverse phenomena emphasized Theoretical development tied to practical applications Suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in physics or related sciences, as well as researchers Examples and problems include applications drawn from medicine, astronomy, and materials analysis Detailed solutions are provided for all examples and problems
Author : Eberhard J. Jaeschke
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,65 MB
Release : 2016-05-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319143934
Hardly any other discovery of the nineteenth century did have such an impact on science and technology as Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s seminal find of the X-rays. X-ray tubes soon made their way as excellent instruments for numerous applications in medicine, biology, materials science and testing, chemistry and public security. Developing new radiation sources with higher brilliance and much extended spectral range resulted in stunning developments like the electron synchrotron and electron storage ring and the freeelectron laser. This handbook highlights these developments in fifty chapters. The reader is given not only an inside view of exciting science areas but also of design concepts for the most advanced light sources. The theory of synchrotron radiation and of the freeelectron laser, design examples and the technology basis are presented. The handbook presents advanced concepts like seeding and harmonic generation, the booming field of Terahertz radiation sources and upcoming brilliant light sources driven by laser-plasma accelerators. The applications of the most advanced light sources and the advent of nanobeams and fully coherent x-rays allow experiments from which scientists in the past could not even dream. Examples are the diffraction with nanometer resolution, imaging with a full 3D reconstruction of the object from a diffraction pattern, measuring the disorder in liquids with high spatial and temporal resolution. The 20th century was dedicated to the development and improvement of synchrotron light sources with an ever ongoing increase of brilliance. With ultrahigh brilliance sources, the 21st century will be the century of x-ray lasers and their applications. Thus, we are already close to the dream of condensed matter and biophysics: imaging single (macro)molecules and measuring their dynamics on the femtosecond timescale to produce movies with atomic resolution.
Author : P.B. Kenway
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 684 pages
File Size : 39,63 MB
Release : 2020-10-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 1000157083
The first ICXOM congress held in Cambridge was the brain-child of Dr. Ellis Cosslett, founder of the Electron Optics Section of the Cavendish Laboratory. Dr. Cosslett pioneered research in x-ray optics and microanalysis and retained a close interest in all subject applications for this area of research, including physics, materials science, chemistry, and biology. X-Ray Optics and Microanalysis 1992 was held in his memory. At a special symposium, friends and colleagues reviewed the present status of research in x-ray optics and microanalysis. S.J. Pennycook of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, D.B. Williams of Lehigh University, J.A. Venables et al. of Arizona State University and Sussex University, and C. Jacobsen et al. of SUNY, Stony Brook are among the researchers whose papers are included in this volume.
Author : André Authier
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 700 pages
File Size : 46,13 MB
Release : 2004
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780198528920
Publisher Description
Author : Andreas Maier
Publisher : Springer
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 27,64 MB
Release : 2018-08-02
Category : Computers
ISBN : 3319965204
This open access book gives a complete and comprehensive introduction to the fields of medical imaging systems, as designed for a broad range of applications. The authors of the book first explain the foundations of system theory and image processing, before highlighting several modalities in a dedicated chapter. The initial focus is on modalities that are closely related to traditional camera systems such as endoscopy and microscopy. This is followed by more complex image formation processes: magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray projection imaging, computed tomography, X-ray phase-contrast imaging, nuclear imaging, ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography.
Author : Kwang-Je Kim
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 40,82 MB
Release : 2017-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 1107162610
Preliminary concepts -- Synchrotron radiation -- Basic FEL physics -- 1D FEL analysis -- 3D FEL analysis -- Harmonic generation in high-gain FELs -- FEL oscillators and coherent hard X-rays -- Practical considerations and experimental results for high-gain FELs
