Offshore Financial Centers and Regulatory Competition


Book Description

In Offshore Financial Centers and Regulatory Competition, a group of leading international law and finance experts argues that offshore jurisdictions have become key players in corporate finance and captive insurance markets.




Making the Modern American Fiscal State


Book Description

At the turn of the twentieth century, the US system of public finance underwent a dramatic transformation. The late nineteenth-century regime of indirect, hidden, partisan, and regressive taxes was eclipsed in the early twentieth century by a direct, transparent, professionally administered, and progressive tax system. This book uncovers the contested roots and paradoxical consequences of this fundamental shift in American tax law and policy. It argues that the move toward a regime of direct and graduated taxation marked the emergence of a new fiscal polity - a new form of statecraft that was guided not simply by the functional need for greater revenue but by broader social concerns about economic justice, civic identity, bureaucratic capacity, and public power. Between the end of Reconstruction and the onset of the Great Depression, the intellectual, legal, and administrative foundations of the modern fiscal state first took shape. This book explains how and why this new fiscal polity came to be.




Corporations and American Democracy


Book Description

Recent U.S. Supreme Court decisions in Citizens United and other high-profile cases have sparked passionate disagreement about the proper role of corporations in American democracy. Partisans on both sides have made bold claims, often with little basis in historical facts. Bringing together leading scholars of history, law, and political science, Corporations and American Democracy provides the historical and intellectual grounding necessary to put today’s corporate policy debates in proper context. From the nation’s founding to the present, Americans have regarded corporations with ambivalence—embracing their potential to revolutionize economic life and yet remaining wary of their capacity to undermine democratic institutions. Although corporations were originally created to give businesses and other associations special legal rights and privileges, historically they were denied many of the constitutional protections afforded flesh-and-blood citizens. This comprehensive volume covers a range of topics, including the origins of corporations in English and American law, the historical shift from special charters to general incorporation, the increased variety of corporations that this shift made possible, and the roots of modern corporate regulation in the Progressive Era and New Deal. It also covers the evolution of judicial views of corporate rights, particularly since corporations have become the form of choice for an increasing variety of nonbusiness organizations, including political advocacy groups. Ironically, in today’s global economy the decline of large, vertically integrated corporations—the type of corporation that past reform movements fought so hard to regulate—poses some of the newest challenges to effective government oversight of the economy.




Corporate Power in Civil Society


Book Description

A social theorist's perspective on how private governance of corporations is weakening the basic institutions of democratic civil societies, especially as demonstrated in the wave of hostile takeovers in the 1980s. Focuses on when and how the courts mediate the consequences of corporate governance in the US, as well as their counterparts in Europe and Japan, examining the connection between specialized literature of corporate law with literature of civil society. Sciulli (sociology, Texas AandM U.) attempts to draw an alternative to legal conservatives' rhetoric of corporate contract as well as to liberals' corporate social responsibility. c. Book News Inc.




Regulatory Competition in the Internal Market


Book Description

"Regulatory competition within Europe and internationally, operates in several fields with different outcomes. This book offers a comparative legal and economic analysis of corporate, securities and competition law, exploring the reasons behind such differences. The books conceptual framework covers the most relevant drivers of competition, including legal actors incentives, channels of competition and governance design. It shows how the different drivers and institutional designs are shaping competitive interactions, drawing relevant conclusions for both general and field specific regulatory policy. Providing a comparative analysis of regulatory competition in three legal fields, this book will be a valuable resource for researchers and academics in law, economics and political science, as well as policymakers legislator, regulator, judiciary at both national and European levels."--Publisher




Cases and Materials on Corporations


Book Description

Renowned for its richness, depth, and authorship, Cases and Materials on Corporations offers broad coverage of both public and closely held corporations. A powerful introductory chapter sets out the defining characteristics of a corporation. A thematic framework frames corporate law in terms of the corporation’s responsibilities to its employees, its investors, and society. New to the Ninth Edition: The introductory Chapter recognizes that issues of race and systemic discrimination have dominated recent headlines and political discourse. This has re-focused attention on the long-standing debate between proponents of the dominant shareholders primacy model of corporate governance and proponents of a more stakeholder-oriented model. Without taking sides on this issue, this Chapter notes that this debate has continued throughout American legal history, and it focuses on recent efforts by some states and Nasdaq to require greater diversity (both in terms of race and gender) on corporate boards. Current data is provided. In addition, this Chapter adds a new section to introduce the “public benefit corporation,” a new corporate form that is a hybrid of a profit-making corporation and a not-for-profit entity now recognized by a majority of the states. New material on the emerging line of good faith cases in the context of director oversight where a corporation is subject to “mission critical” regulation. This new line of cases opens up potential avenues to assign monetary liability to directors for failure to manage corporate risks. New Supreme Court decisions (including Lorenzo and Omnicare) are assessed, and the continuing struggle to define insider trading is reviewed. The chapter on shareholder voting and proxy gives special attention to recent efforts by activist hedge funds to influence and constrain corporate management. The revised chapter on takeovers takes up the legal rules governing friendly and unfriendly acquisitions. The chapter tracks the unique experience of Delaware law over this period: an ongoing and openly—but respectful–disagreement between the Delaware Chancery Court and the Delaware Supreme Court about the allocation of authority between the board of directors and shareholders. The chapter also examines the new texture of the takeover market where activists play a central role. Professors and students will benefit from: Richness and depth: A range of thoroughly developed topics allows instructors to delve into topics with as much depth as they wish. The text is strong in material on both public and closely held corporations. Traditional casebook pedagogy: Text notes, statutory material, excerpted commentary, problems, questions, and edited cases. Strong introductory chapter: Sets out the defining characteristics of a corporation: limited liability, perpetual existence, free transferability, and centralized management. Thematic framework: Examines corporate law in the context of the corporation’s responsibilities to its own constituents and investors, as well as to society.




The Foundations of Anglo-American Corporate Fiduciary Law


Book Description

This book explores the foundations and evolution of modern corporate fiduciary law in the United States and the United Kingdom. Today US and UK fiduciary law provide very different approaches to the regulation of directorial behaviour. However, as the book shows, the law in both jurisdictions borrowed from the same sources in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century English fiduciary and commercial law. The book identifies the shared legal foundations and authorities and explores the drivers of corporate fiduciary law's contemporary divergence. In so doing it challenges the prevailing accounts of corporate legal change and stability in the US and the UK.




The Law Market


Book Description

Today, a California resident can incorporate her shipping business in Delaware, register her ships in Panama, hire her employees from Hong Kong, place her earnings in an asset-protection trust formed in the Cayman Islands, and enter into a same-sex marriage in Massachusetts or Canada--all the while enjoying the California sunshine and potentially avoiding many facets of the state's laws. In this book, Erin O'Hara and Larry E. Ribstein explore a new perspective on law, viewing it as a product for which people and firms can shop, regardless of geographic borders. The authors consider the structure and operation of the market this creates, the economic, legal, and political forces influencing it, and the arguments for and against a robust market for law. Through jurisdictional competition, law markets promise to improve our laws and, by establishing certainty, streamline the operation of the legal system. But the law market also limits governments' ability to enforce regulations and protect citizens from harmful activities. Given this tradeoff, O'Hara and Ribstein argue that simple contractual choice-of-law rules can help maximize the benefits of the law market while tempering its social costs. They extend their insights to a wide variety of legal problems, including corporate governance, securities, franchise, trust, property, marriage, living will, surrogacy, and general contract regulations. The Law Market is a wide-ranging and novel analysis for all lawyers, policymakers, legislators, and businesses who need to understand the changing role of law in an increasingly mobile world.