Author : Trevor A. Kletz
Publisher : IChemE
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 39,99 MB
Release : 1995
Category : Accidents
ISBN : 9780852953624
Examines some of the unforseen incidents which have occured in computer-controlled process plants, and suggests how the risk of such incidents happening again can be minimized. The text describes how Hazop studies can be used to detect hazards in computer-controlled systems.
Author : Trevor Kletz
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
Page : 131 pages
File Size : 30,46 MB
Release : 1995-09-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0080529739
Computer Control and Human Error presents accounts of various incidents at computer-controlled plants. These incidents include equipment and software faults; treating the computer as a "black box"; misjudging the way operators respond to the computer; errors in the data entry; failure to inform operators of changes in data or programs; and unauthorized interference with peripheral equipment. The discussion then turns to the use of hazard and operability studies (Hazops) to prevent or reduce errors in computer-controlled plants. The book describes the conventional Hazop as used in the process industry and an overview of the different Chazop frameworks/guidelines suggested by engineers and researchers. It then presents new Chazop methodology which is based on incident analysis. The final chapter presents reasons for failures in computerized systems, each of which is illustrated with an example. Most of the examples did not cause an actual safety problem, simply because they occurred within systems that are not safety-related. Some of these examples appear in the literature; others are from personal experience or from private communications.
Author : Sidney Dekker
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 137 pages
File Size : 21,2 MB
Release : 2017-11-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1351786032
This title was first published in 2002: This field guide assesses two views of human error - the old view, in which human error becomes the cause of an incident or accident, or the new view, in which human error is merely a symptom of deeper trouble within the system. The two parts of this guide concentrate on each view, leading towards an appreciation of the new view, in which human error is the starting point of an investigation, rather than its conclusion. The second part of this guide focuses on the circumstances which unfold around people, which causes their assessments and actions to change accordingly. It shows how to "reverse engineer" human error, which, like any other componant, needs to be put back together in a mishap investigation.
Author : David Woods
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 495 pages
File Size : 31,54 MB
Release : 2017-09-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1317175530
Human error is cited over and over as a cause of incidents and accidents. The result is a widespread perception of a 'human error problem', and solutions are thought to lie in changing the people or their role in the system. For example, we should reduce the human role with more automation, or regiment human behavior by stricter monitoring, rules or procedures. But in practice, things have proved not to be this simple. The label 'human error' is prejudicial and hides much more than it reveals about how a system functions or malfunctions. This book takes you behind the human error label. Divided into five parts, it begins by summarising the most significant research results. Part 2 explores how systems thinking has radically changed our understanding of how accidents occur. Part 3 explains the role of cognitive system factors - bringing knowledge to bear, changing mindset as situations and priorities change, and managing goal conflicts - in operating safely at the sharp end of systems. Part 4 studies how the clumsy use of computer technology can increase the potential for erroneous actions and assessments in many different fields of practice. And Part 5 tells how the hindsight bias always enters into attributions of error, so that what we label human error actually is the result of a social and psychological judgment process by stakeholders in the system in question to focus on only a facet of a set of interacting contributors. If you think you have a human error problem, recognize that the label itself is no explanation and no guide to countermeasures. The potential for constructive change, for progress on safety, lies behind the human error label.
Author : Douglas A. Wiegmann
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 25,36 MB
Release : 2017-12-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1351962353
Human error is implicated in nearly all aviation accidents, yet most investigation and prevention programs are not designed around any theoretical framework of human error. Appropriate for all levels of expertise, the book provides the knowledge and tools required to conduct a human error analysis of accidents, regardless of operational setting (i.e. military, commercial, or general aviation). The book contains a complete description of the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), which incorporates James Reason's model of latent and active failures as a foundation. Widely disseminated among military and civilian organizations, HFACS encompasses all aspects of human error, including the conditions of operators and elements of supervisory and organizational failure. It attracts a very broad readership. Specifically, the book serves as the main textbook for a course in aviation accident investigation taught by one of the authors at the University of Illinois. This book will also be used in courses designed for military safety officers and flight surgeons in the U.S. Navy, Army and the Canadian Defense Force, who currently utilize the HFACS system during aviation accident investigations. Additionally, the book has been incorporated into the popular workshop on accident analysis and prevention provided by the authors at several professional conferences world-wide. The book is also targeted for students attending Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University which has satellite campuses throughout the world and offers a course in human factors accident investigation for many of its majors. In addition, the book will be incorporated into courses offered by Transportation Safety International and the Southern California Safety Institute. Finally, this book serves as an excellent reference guide for many safety professionals and investigators already in the field.
Author : Carl Sandom
Publisher : IET
Page : 389 pages
File Size : 39,42 MB
Release : 2004-08-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0863413293
The book discusses human factors integration methodolgy and reviews the issues that underpin consideration of key topics such as human error, automation and human reliability assesment.
Author : Thomas B. Sheridan
Publisher : Wiley-Interscience
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 47,15 MB
Release : 2002-07-11
Category : Computers
ISBN :
Human factors, also known as human engineering or human factors engineering, is the application of behavioral and biological sciences to the design of machines and human-machine systems. Automation refers to the mechanization and integration of the sensing of environmental variables, data processing and decision making and mechanical action. This book deals with all the issues involved in human-automation systems from design to control and performance of both humans and machines.
Author : Helen C. Muir
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 40,77 MB
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Transportation
ISBN : 1351949187
Every issue of Ashgate's Human Factors and Aerospace Safety: An International Journal publishes an invited, critical review of a key area from a widely-respected researcher. To celebrate a successful first three years of the journal and to make these papers available to a wider audience, they have been collated here into a single volume. The book is divided into three sections, with articles addressing safety issues in flight deck design, aviation operations and training, and air traffic management. These articles describe the state of current research within a practical context and present a potential future research agenda. Contemporary Issues in Human Factors and Aviation Safety will appeal to both professionals and researchers in aviation and associated industries who are interested in learning more about current issues in flight safety.
Author : Informa Healthcare
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 3656 pages
File Size : 16,30 MB
Release : 2006-03-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0849375479
The previous edition of the International Encyclopedia of Ergonomics and Human Factors made history as the first unified source of reliable information drawn from many realms of science and technology and created specifically with ergonomics professionals in mind. It was also a winner of the Best Reference Award 2002 from the Engineering Libraries
Author : Hiroshi Arisawa
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 515 pages
File Size : 30,62 MB
Release : 2002-09-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 3540441220
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed joint post-proceedings of four international workshops held in conjunction with the 20th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling, ER 2001, held in Yokohama, Japan in November 2001. The 37 revised full papers presented were carefully selected and improved during two rounds of reviewing and revision. In accordance with the respective workshops, the papers are organized in topical sections on conceptual modeling and human, organizational, and social aspects; data semantics in web information systems; conceptual modeling approaches for e-business; and global data modeling.
