Use and Impact of Computers in Clinical Medicine


Book Description

Computer technology has impacted the practice of medicine in dramatic ways. Imaging techniques provide noninvasive tools which alter the diag nostic process. Sophisticated monitoring equipment presents new levels of detail for both patient management and research. In most of these high technology applications, the computer is embedded in the device; its presence is transparent to the user. There is also a growing number of applications in which the health care provider directly interacts with a computer. In many cases, these applica tions are limited to administrative functions, e.g., office practice manage ment, location of hospital patients, appointments, and scheduling. Nev ertheless, there also are instances of patient care functions such as results reporting, decision support, surveillance, and reminders. This series, Computers and Medicine, focuses upon the direct use of information systems as it relates to the medical community. After twenty five years of experimentation and experience, there are many tested ap plications which can be implemented economically using the current gen eration of computers. Moreover, the falling cost of computers suggests that there will be even more extensive use in the near future. Yet there is a gap between current practice and the state-of-the-art.




The Computer-Based Patient Record


Book Description

Most industries have plunged into data automation, but health care organizations have lagged in moving patients' medical records from paper to computers. In its first edition, this book presented a blueprint for introducing the computer-based patient record (CPR). The revised edition adds new information to the original book. One section describes recent developments, including the creation of a computer-based patient record institute. An international chapter highlights what is new in this still-emerging technology. An expert committee explores the potential of machine-readable CPRs to improve diagnostic and care decisions, provide a database for policymaking, and much more, addressing these key questions: Who uses patient records? What technology is available and what further research is necessary to meet users' needs? What should government, medical organizations, and others do to make the transition to CPRs? The volume also explores such issues as privacy and confidentiality, costs, the need for training, legal barriers to CPRs, and other key topics.




Ethics, Computing, and Medicine


Book Description

New technology always raises compelling ethical questions. As those in medicine increasingly depend on computers and other intelligent machines, the intersection of ethics, computing and the health professions grows much more complex and significant. This book attempts systematically to identify and address the full range of ethical issues that arise when intelligent machines are used in medicine, nursing, psychology, and allied health professions. It maps and explores a variety of important issues and controversies, including ethics and evaluation in computational medicine, patient and provider confidentiality, responsibility for use of computers in medicine, appropriate use of decision support systems, outcomes of research and computational prognosis (including mortality predictions), and computer-based biomedical research - especially meta-analysis. This book is accessible to participants in the fields of bioethics and medical informatics. It is appropriate for physicians, nurses, administrators, ethicists, health attorneys, advanced undergraduates and graduate students.




Introduction to Computers for Healthcare Professionals


Book Description

Important Notice: The digital edition of this book is missing some of the images or content found in the physical edition. An introductory computer literacy text for nurses and other healthcare students, Introduction to Computers for Healthcare Professionals explains hardware, popular software programs, operating systems, and computer assisted communication. The Fifth Edition of this best-selling text has been revised and now includes content on on online storage, communication and online learning including info on PDA's, iPhones, IM, and other media formats, and another chapter on distance learning including video conferencing and streaming video.




Artificial Intelligence in Medicine


Book Description

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, AIME 2019, held in Poznan, Poland, in June 2019. The 22 revised full and 31 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 134 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: deep learning; simulation; knowledge representation; probabilistic models; behavior monitoring; clustering, natural language processing, and decision support; feature selection; image processing; general machine learning; and unsupervised learning.




Computers and Mathematical Models in Medicine


Book Description

The papers gathered in this volume were presented at the medical sessions of the First Conference on Mathematics at the Service of Man held in Barcelona, Spain, July 11-16, 1977. Papers presented at the medical sessions were more numerous than those pre sented in any other single area of specialization covered in the conference. Because pf this, the Publications Committee resolved that papers presented at medical sessions be published separately from the proceedings of the conference. The proceedings of the conference have been published by the Esco1a Tecnica Superior d'Arquitectura de 1a Universitat Po1itecnica of Barcelona. The papers contained in this volume were selected on the basis of current interest and willingness of the authors to publish. They are organized not accord ing to the sequence in which they were presented at the conference, but, to the extent that this was possible, in topic areas. As its name indicates, the principal purpose of the conference was to under score the fact that mathematics is a science whose applications are relevant to many aspects of human activity. In the opinion of the editors of this volume, the conference met its objective with success, both in terms of the broad variety of topics covered as well as by the number of nations that were represented at the conference in spite of the special circumstances prevailing in Spain at that time.




Computers in Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine


Book Description

The third international symposium on Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine was held in Norwalk Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine in June 1981. This publication contains the majority of papers that were presented at the three day conference. The book deals with the use of computers in: (1) monitoring (2) pulmonary laboratory (3) anesthesia (4) database management. Extraordinary progress in the use of computers in critical care medicine and pulmonary function testing is evident in the presen tations. I would like to thank the members of the Steering Committee and the International Advisory Committee for their efforts in bring ing together many leaders in the field, and enriching the symposium with their own contributions. My special thanks to Mr. Norman Brady, President of the Norwalk Hospital, for his generous hospitality and his untiring assistance during the three days of the symposium. I would also like to thank Martin H. Floch, M.D., Chairman of the Department of Medicine, Norwalk Hospital, for his advice and support. I sincerely appreciate the cooperation and help from the members of the Section of Pulmonary Medicine and Medical Computer Science of the Norwalk Hospital. Finally I would like to thank Ms. Nancy Smith for the excellent work in the preparation of the manuscripts, and the staff of the Plenum Press for their help in publishing this volume.




Computers in Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine


Book Description

This volume, the second in a series on topics in microcomputers in critical care and pulmonary physiology,' contains the proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Computers in Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine, held at the University of Lund in 1980 under the.,chairmanship of Prof. B. Jonson, M.D., Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Lund, Sweden. Clinicians and biomedical engineers from many countries parti cipated in a three day deliberation. Of special interest was the introduction of nuclear techniques in pulmonary medicine for the first time in this symposium series. It is the intention of the steering committee that such meetings should take place on an annual basis in the rapidly changing world of the science and technology of computing in clinical care, in prac tice and in pulmonary medicine. Editorial modification of the papers in this volume has been kept to a minimum. Changes have been made to ensure some uniformity in presentation and there has been some alteration of the English to avoid ambiguity, but our intervention has gone no further than that. It is hoped that the contents of this volume will enable those who are interested in the subject matter to be more aware of research developments occurring in so many different disciplines and so many different centres in America and Europe. Finally, I would like to thank Miss Bodil Richardson for her or ganisational and secretarial help. Thanks are also due to Prof. J.P.




Computers and Control in Clinical Medicine


Book Description

This book is a collection of invited contributions, each reflec ting an area of medicine in which computing techniques have been successfully applied; but why the title? From a control system point of view the aim of clinical medicine is to recognise the deviation of a patient from the space of normality, and to propel and steer the patient along a trajectory back to that space. Acquiring and main taining the knowledge and skills of this process is the function of medicine. The first chapter expands on this view. Subsequent chapters written by experts in their respective areas cover a fair range of application. All give considerable insight as to the ways in which the control system approach, facilitated by computational tools, can be of value when applied to clinical problems. The idea for this book arose naturally out of a symposium held at the University of Sussex, Brighton, England, on "Control System Concepts and Approaches in Clinical Medicine" in April, 1982, spon sored by the Institute of Measurement and Control and co-sponsored by the Institution of Electrical Engineers and the Royal Society of Medicine. It is not, however, a "proceedings" of this meeting but rather a collection of essays that reflect developing areas in which many have particular interest. We think the volume is timely and hope that the work described will be an encouragement for others.




Computers in Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine


Book Description

The anesthetist-computer interface tends to be a problem for the utilization of computer systems for anesthesia. Ergonomic interface design with an emphasis on the coherency of the interface's static and dynamic structure may improve this situation. To investigate this proposition we developed an Anesthesia Information System (AIS) with a touch-sensitive monitor as the hardware-user interface. Basic data input and system control techniques were defined and implemented. Record keeping is integrated into the user interface. Ventilator control from the same interface is an additional feature for laboratory simulations. The system is being evaluated using a technique that simulates live operations. References Anthony J (1982) BAS - A major change coming in delivery. IEEE EMB 1 (1): 36-42 Apple HP, Schneider AJL, Fadel J (1982) Design and evaluation of a semiautomatic anesthesia record system. Med lnstrum 16 (1): 69-71 Arnell WJ, Schultz DG (1983) Computers in anesthesiology - a look ahead. Med Instrum 17 (6): 393-395 Bender HJ, Osswald PM, Hartung HJ, Lutz H (1983) On line - Erfassung haemodynamischer und respiratorischer GraBen in der Anaesthesie. Anaesth Intensivther Notfallmed 18: 37-40 Cooper JB et al. (1982) A graphics-tablet for data entry in computer assisted recordkeeping Proc.