External Environmental Costs of Electric Power


Book Description

Environmental costs of electric power generation are receiving increasing attention as an important input to planning and decision processes. Since the outstart of the discussion on the monetized environmental costs of electricity in 1988 a number of studies have been conducted on the subject, producing partially contradictory results. Simultaneously political action has resulted from the first stage on this discussion process. In Germany the higher rates which have to be payed to autoproducers based on renewable energy sources have been explicitly justified by the existence of external environmental costs of conventional electricity generation. At the same time some state regulatory commissions in the United States have introduced adders for environmental costs in the utility planning process. This book reports on the first international workshop on the subject, bringing together practically all experts in the field of research and political implementation from the United States and Germany, the two pioneering countries. The more than thirty contributed papers contained in this volume give the most comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the field. Some papers already outline the future course of research by giving an overview over some major research projects, which have just started.










Hidden Costs of Energy


Book Description

Despite the many benefits of energy, most of which are reflected in energy market prices, the production, distribution, and use of energy causes negative effects. Many of these negative effects are not reflected in energy market prices. When market failures like this occur, there may be a case for government interventions in the form of regulations, taxes, fees, tradable permits, or other instruments that will motivate recognition of these external or hidden costs. The Hidden Costs of Energy defines and evaluates key external costs and benefits that are associated with the production, distribution, and use of energy, but are not reflected in market prices. The damage estimates presented are substantial and reflect damages from air pollution associated with electricity generation, motor vehicle transportation, and heat generation. The book also considers other effects not quantified in dollar amounts, such as damages from climate change, effects of some air pollutants such as mercury, and risks to national security. While not a comprehensive guide to policy, this analysis indicates that major initiatives to further reduce other emissions, improve energy efficiency, or shift to a cleaner electricity generating mix could substantially reduce the damages of external effects. A first step in minimizing the adverse consequences of new energy technologies is to better understand these external effects and damages. The Hidden Costs of Energy will therefore be a vital informational tool for government policy makers, scientists, and economists in even the earliest stages of research and development on energy technologies.




Environmental Regulation of Real Property


Book Description

This book not only offers in-depth analysis of federal environmental statutes having a bearing on land use, but also looks closely at rules imposed by state and local governments.




Energy Efficiency and Human Activity


Book Description

This book, sponsored by the Stockholm Environment Institute and first published in 1992, presents a detailed analysis of changes in world energy use over the past twenty years. It considers the future prospects of energy demand, and discusses ways of restraining growth in consumption in order to meet environmental and economic development goals. Based on a decade of research by the authors and their colleagues at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory in collaboration with the Stockholm Environment Institute, it presents a wealth of information on energy use and the forces shaping it in the industrial, developing, and formerly planned economies. The book provides an invaluable overview of the potential for improving energy efficiency, and discusses the policies that could help realize the potential. While calling for strong action by governments and the private sector, the authors stress the importance of considering the full range of factors that will shape realization of the energy efficiency potential around the world.







Environmental Costs of Electricity


Book Description

Reviews studies that quantify the externality costs of environmental damage caused by electric power services.




Energy Efficiency and the Environment


Book Description

This text addresses the direct correlation between conserving energy and mitigating environmental damage. The 20 chapters examine how energy efficiency measures and programmes can reduce pollutant emissions and how planners can incorporate environmental externalities in the allocation of resources. Topics covered include: global warming - public perspectives and CO2 reduction potential; efficiency improvements as an acid rain compliance strategy; environmental externality costs; integrated energy and environmental planning; trees, landscaping and urban heat islands; CFCs amd energy use in buildings.




State of the Art of Energy Efficiency


Book Description

The buildings sector accounts for a major proportion of energy consumption, currently around 20 per cent, but it has also been the focus of much of the energy conservation efforts over the past decade. This book provides a compilation of the state of the art regarding energy conservation. Chapters examine a wide range of issues, including design and implementation of government and utility programmes; appliance standards; collection and analysis of buildings energy data; and integrated resource planning. The book also discusses future directions for research.