Cryptands And Cryptates


Book Description

Cryptands were introduced by Jean-Marie Lehn in 1969 as cage-shaped selective ligands for alkali and alkaline-earth metal ions, which lie at the heart of supramolecular chemistry. This book reports on much of the research in the field since the '70s, and looks at, amongst other topics, metal coordination chemistry, anion coordination chemistry, the encapsulation and taming of reactive anions, the formation of cascade complexes and the design of fluorescent sensors for ionic analytes.Cryptands and Cryptates has been written as a coursebook, structured as a series of lectures for graduate students or advanced researchers in chemistry, materials science, chemical biology and nanotechnology. It is fully illustrated to show experiments and results, and is intended to stimulate further interest in this fertile field of supramolecular chemistry.Chapters are preceded by a Foreword by Jean-Marie Lehn.




Crown Ethers and Cryptands


Book Description

Crown Ethers and Cryptands introduces the broad and basic principles of crown ether and cryptand chemistry at the advanced undergraduate, graduate and working professional level. The book provides a brief introduction, outlining the history of the field and goes on to cover syntheses, complexation of cations and molecules, complex structures, applications and recent developments. It aims to acquaint readers with the scope and principles of the field, providing a bibliography of reviews and books as reference to further reading and citations of the original literature.




Supramolecular Chemistry in Water


Book Description

Provides deep insight into the concepts and recent developments in the area of supramolecular chemistry in water Written by experts in their respective field, this comprehensive reference covers various aspects of supramolecular chemistry in water?from fundamental aspects to applications. It provides readers with a basic introduction to the current understanding of the properties of water and how they influence molecular recognition, and examines the different receptor types available in water and the types of substrates that can be bound. It also looks at areas to where they can be applied, such as materials, optical sensing, medicinal imaging, and catalysis. Supramolecular Chemistry in Water offers five major sections that address important topics like water properties, molecular recognition, association and aggregation phenomena, optical detection and imaging, and supramolecular catalysis. It covers chemistry and physical chemistry of water; water-mediated molecular recognition; peptide and protein receptors; nucleotide receptors; carbohydrate receptors; and ion receptors. The book also teaches readers all about coordination compounds; self-assembled polymers and gels; foldamers; vesicles and micelles; and surface-modified nanoparticles. In addition, it provides in-depth information on indicators and optical probes, as well as probes for medical imaging. -Covers, in a timely manner, an emerging area in chemistry that is growing more important every day -Addresses topics such as molecular recognition, aggregation, catalysis, and more -Offers comprehensive coverage of everything from fundamental aspects of supramolecular chemistry in water to its applications -Edited by one of the leading international scientists in the field Supramolecular Chemistry in Water is a one-stop-resource for all polymer chemists, catalytic chemists, biochemists, water chemists, and physical chemists involved in this growing area of research.




Macrobicyclic Cryptands


Book Description

Cryptands, soon after their introduction in early 1970s, have proven enormously useful in several areas of chemistry, biology, and materials science. This is continuously growing and venturing into newer fields of supramolecular chemistry research. There is no other book available that attempts to explore all aspects of cryptand chemistry. This book provides a good account of synthetic methods for different types of cryptands, especially chiral cryptands, which remain mostly unexplored. Using the cryptand cavity for homogeneous catalysis, reversible fluorescence sensing, FRET, optically nonlinear materials and construction of molecular level photonic devices – are all discussed. This book also gives an account of using cryptands for a new generation of amphiphiles for Langmuir-Blodgett films and stable vesicles besides the stabilization of metal nanoparticles. This book will be useful for senior university students interested in supramolecular chemistry, as well as budding researchers in this area.




Anion Coordination Chemistry


Book Description

Building on the pioneering work in supramolecular chemistry from the last 20 years or so, this monograph addresses new and recent approaches to anion coordination chemistry. Synthesis of receptors, biological receptors and metallareceptors, the energetics of anion binding, molecular structures of anion complexes, sensing devices are presented and computational studies addressed to aid with the understanding of the different driving forces responsible for anion complexation. The reader is promised an actual picture of the state of the art for this exciting and constantly evolving field of supramolecular anion coordination chemistry. The topics range from ion channels to selective sensors, making it attractive to all researchers and PhD students with an interest in supramolecular chemistry.




Stereochemistry of Coordination Compounds


Book Description

This well-illustrated and well-referenced book provides a systematic introduction to the modern aspects of the topographical stereochemistry of coordination compounds, which are made up of metal ions surrounded by other non-metal atoms, ions and molecules.




Stereochemical and Stereophysical Behaviour of Macrocycles


Book Description

Stereochemical and Stereophysical Behavior of Macrocycles deals with the stereochemical and stereophysical properties of macrocyclic ligands and their coordination compounds. More specifically, the stereochemistry of metallic macrocyclics is discussed, along with the relationship between the thermodynamics and stereochemistry of macrocyclics and cryptates. The stereochemical aspects of the macrocycles of second and third row transition elements are also examined. Comprised of three chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the stereochemistry of metallic macrocyclics as well as their structure, together with the conformation of their chemical rings and the steric effects of their coordination geometry. The next chapter considers the relationship between the thermodynamics and stereochemistry of macrocyclics and cryptates, with particular reference to the macrocyclic and cryptate effect. Cation-ligand interactions and solvent effects upon complex formation are described, along with macrocyclic and macrobicyclic ligands having different donor atoms. The final chapter is devoted to the stereochemical aspects of the macrocycles of transition metal ions, with additional comments on the stereochemistry of copper and nickel in unusual oxidation states. This book will be of interest to inorganic chemists.




Photochemistry in Microheterogeneous Systems


Book Description

Photochemistry in Microheterogeneous Systems provides an introduction to the subject of photochemistry in microheterogeneous systems. Emphasis is on the unimolecular and bimolecular reactions of electronically excited molecules in non-homogeneous media, as well as the application of photophysical and photochemical processes and techniques to the study of various microheterogeneous systems of chemical and biological interest, from normal and inverted micelles to vesicles and liposomes, monolayers, black lipid membranes, and liquid crystalline solvents. This monograph is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with an overview of microheterogeneous systems; excited-state processes and reactions; photochemistry in microheterogeneous systems; and structural and dynamical aspects of micellar aggregates. The discussion then turns to micellar photophysics and photochemistry, with emphasis on singlet-state and triplet-state reactions. Subsequent chapters focus on photoprocesses in a variety of microheterogeneous systems such as reversed micelles, microemulsions, lipids, surfactant vesicles, and liposomes; polymers, polyelectrolytes, and ion-exchange membranes; and molecular inclusion complexes. The final chapter is devoted to the photochemistry of molecules in the adsorbed state. This text is intended for graduate students and practicing chemists.




Fundamentals of Structural Chemistry


Book Description

This book focuses on two main topics in fundamental structural chemistry: the properties of chemical bonding derived from the behavior of the microscopic particles and their wave functions, and the three-dimensional molecular and crystal structures. The principle that ?structure determines properties and properties reflect structures? is clearly demonstrated. This book emphasizes practical examples linking structure with properties and applications which provide invaluable insight for students, thus stimulating their mind to deal with problems in the topics concerned.




Synthetic Multidentate Macrocyclic Compounds


Book Description

Synthetic Multidentate Macrocyclic Compounds attempts to bring together selected chapters in which the authors discuss in depth investigations in important areas of macrocycle research. The chapters deal mainly with macrocyclic compounds (saturated polyethers and their derivatives), and macrobicyclic compounds (cryptates). The book contains six chapters and opens with a first-hand account of the initial synthesis of the cyclic polyethers. This is followed by separate chapters on the synthesis of cyclic polyethers, polyether amines, and polyether sulfides; the synthesis of multidentate compounds; and the structure of synthetic macrocyclic compounds and their cation complexes. Subsequent chapters deal with the rates of reactions and the mechanism by which synthetic macrocyclic ligands complex substrates in solution; and commercial applications of the synthetic macrocyclic ligands. This book is primarily aimed at researchers and students in organic, physical, analytical, and inorganic chemistry, and in chemical engineering. However, it will also be of interest to many in the areas of biology, biochemistry, and physiology. Extensive literature references are found in each chapter.