Design and Applications of Hydroxyapatite-Based Catalysts


Book Description

Essential reference for researchers and experts in industry highlighting the rapidly growing field of hydroxyapatite-based catalysts and their application in various chemical processes. Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is the main mineral component of human and animal bones. It is largely applied in the field of biomaterials due to its biocompatibility. Recently, hydroxyapatite-based materials have especially gained a lot of attention by researchers in catalysis, as they are versatile and have shown precious properties of a good catalyst and catalyst support such as excellent ion-exchange capacity, high porosity, very low water solubility, controlled basicity/acidity, and good thermal stability at high temperatures. Design and Applications of Hydroxyapatite-Based Catalysts gives a detailed overview of the synthesis, characterization, and use of hydroxyapatite-based materials in catalysis. It covers synthetic hydroxyapatites (from pure chemicals or waste), natural apatites and materials from eggshells and animal bones. The application of hydroxyapatite-based catalysts in selective oxidation, deoxygenation, selective hydrogenation, dehydrogenation reactions, organic synthesis, as well as reforming processes and production of energy carriers is reviewed. Moreover, electrocatalysis and photocatalysis using hydroxyapatite-based materials are discussed. Kinetic and mechanism studies of various chemical pro-cesses over hydroxyapatite-based catalysts are also presented. This is the first book solely dedicated to hydroxyapatite-based materials and their use in catalysis. Covers synthesis and characterization, surface and structure studies, kinetic and mechanism aspects, and various applications in heterogeneous catalysis, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis. Aimed at further stimulating research in the field Design and Applications of Hydroxyapatite-Based Catalysts is an indispensable source-of-information for researchers in academia and industry working in catalysis.




Design and Applications of Hydroxyapatite-Based Catalysts


Book Description

Essential reference for researchers and experts in industry highlighting the rapidly growing field of hydroxyapatite-based catalysts and their application in various chemical processes. Hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is the main mineral component of human and animal bones. It is largely applied in the field of biomaterials due to its biocompatibility. Recently, hydroxyapatite-based materials have especially gained a lot of attention by researchers in catalysis, as they are versatile and have shown precious properties of a good catalyst and catalyst support such as excellent ion-exchange capacity, high porosity, very low water solubility, controlled basicity/acidity, and good thermal stability at high temperatures. Design and Applications of Hydroxyapatite-Based Catalysts gives a detailed overview of the synthesis, characterization, and use of hydroxyapatite-based materials in catalysis. It covers synthetic hydroxyapatites (from pure chemicals or waste), natural apatites and materials from eggshells and animal bones. The application of hydroxyapatite-based catalysts in selective oxidation, deoxygenation, selective hydrogenation, dehydrogenation reactions, organic synthesis, as well as reforming processes and production of energy carriers is reviewed. Moreover, electrocatalysis and photocatalysis using hydroxyapatite-based materials are discussed. Kinetic and mechanism studies of various chemical pro-cesses over hydroxyapatite-based catalysts are also presented. This is the first book solely dedicated to hydroxyapatite-based materials and their use in catalysis. Covers synthesis and characterization, surface and structure studies, kinetic and mechanism aspects, and various applications in heterogeneous catalysis, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis. Aimed at further stimulating research in the field Design and Applications of Hydroxyapatite-Based Catalysts is an indispensable source-of-information for researchers in academia and industry working in catalysis.




Hydroxyapatite (HAp) for Biomedical Applications


Book Description

Hydroxyapatite in the form of hydroxycarbonate apatite is the principal mineral component of bone tissue in mammals. In Bioceramics, it is classed as a bioactive material, which means bone tissue grows directly on it when placed in apposition without intervening fibrous tissue. Hydroxyapatite is hence commonly used as bone grafts, fillers and as coatings for metal implants. This important book provides an overview of the most recent research and developments involving hydroxyapatite as a key material in medicine and its application. - Reviews the important properties of hydroxyapatite as a biomaterial - Considers a range of specific forms of the material and their advantages - Reviews a range of specific medical applications for this important material




Structure and Chemistry of the Apatites and Other Calcium Orthophosphates


Book Description

The apatites and related calcium phosphates have been of considerable interest to biologists, mineralogists, and inorganic and industrial chemists for many years. This book contains a detailed description of the structures and structural interrelationships of the calcium orthophosphates, including the apatites. Their preparation, crystal growth and dissolution, chemical reactions including thermal decomposition, IR, Raman and NMR spectra and various physical properties are discussed. Apatites other than those containing calcium and phosphorus are included. Synthetic, mineral and biological carbonate apatites are also considered. A wide, but critical coverage of the literature is given, which includes a substantial amount not written in English. Research from many disciplines is included which results in a comprehensive compilation of recent work.




Eco-Materials Processing & Design VII


Book Description

ISEPD-VII Proceedings of the Conference on 7th International Symposium on Eco-Materials Processing & Design, January 8-11, 2006, Chengdu, China




Electrically Conductive Polymers and Polymer Composites


Book Description

A comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the latest research trends in conductive polymers and polymer hybrids, summarizing recent achievements. The book begins by introducing conductive polymer materials and their classification, while subsequent chapters discuss the various syntheses, resulting properties and up-scaling as well as the important applications in biomedical and biotechnological fields, including biosensors and biodevices. The whole is rounded off by a look at future technological advances. The result is a well-structured, essential reference for beginners as well as experienced researchers.




Hydroxyapatite Coatings for Biomedical Applications


Book Description

Hydroxyapatite coatings are of great importance in the biological and biomedical coatings fields, especially in the current era of nanotechnology and bioapplications. With a bonelike structure that promotes osseointegration, hydroxyapatite coating can be applied to otherwise bioinactive implants to make their surface bioactive, thus achieving faster healing and recovery. In addition to applications in orthopedic and dental implants, this coating can also be used in drug delivery. Hydroxyapatite Coatings for Biomedical Applications explores developments in the processing and property characterization and applications of hydroxyapatite to provide timely information for active researchers and newcomers alike. In eight carefully reviewed chapters, hydroxyapatite experts from the United States, Japan, Singapore, and China present the latest on topics ranging from deposition processes to biomedical applications in implants and drug delivery. This book discusses: Magnetron sputtering and electrochemical deposition The modification of hydroxyapatite properties by sol–gel deposition to incorporate other elements found in natural bones, such as zinc, magnesium, and fluorine The use of pure hydroxyapatite in drug delivery applications The growth or self-assembly of hydroxyapatite on shape memory alloy Hydroxyapatite composite coatings—with carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide (TiO2), and others—on the titanium alloy Offering valuable insights and a wealth of data, including numerous tables and figures, this is a rich source of information for research on hydroxyapatite coatings. Each chapter also covers material that provides an accessible stepping stone for those who are new to the field.




Advanced Functional Solid Catalysts for Biomass Valorization


Book Description

Advanced Functional Solid Catalysts for Biomass Valorization presents the basic concepts in catalysis (homogeneous, heterogeneous, and enzymatic) and the properties of various kinds of heterogeneous solid catalysts, including their structure, porosity, particle size, BET surface area, acid-base, and redox properties. Useful information about biorefineries, types of biomass feedstocks, their structures and properties as well as about several potential catalytic routes for biomass upgrading to useful fuels and chemicals is provided in this book. Importantly, this book covers the most recent developments toward functionalization of various solid catalysts, optimization of catalysts' properties, developing cascade catalytic strategies, exploring reaction kinetics/mechanisms, and evaluating catalysts' stability/reusability during biomass upgrading. Current challenges and opportunities for the future biorefineries as well as for the design of advanced functional solid catalysts are critically discussed.




Tunable Hydrogels


Book Description

This book reviews the current knowledge on tunable hydrogels, including the range of different materials and applications, as well as the existing challenges and limitations in the field. It covers various aspects of the material design, particularly highlighting biological responsiveness, degradability and responsiveness to external stimuli. In this book, readers will discover original research data and state-of-the-art reviews in the area of hydrogel technology, with a specific focus on biotechnology and medicine. Written by leading experts, the contributions outline strategies for designing tunable hydrogels and offer a detailed evaluation of the physical and synthetic methods currently employed to achieve specific hydrogel properties and responsiveness. This highly informative book provides important theoretical and practical insights for scholars and researchers working with hydrogels for biomedical and biotechnological applications.




Hydroxyapatite


Book Description

Hydroxyapatite is the most widely accepted biomaterial for the repair and reconstruction of bone tissue defects. It has all the characteristic features of biomaterials, such as, biocompatible, bioactive, osteoconductive, non-toxic, non- inflammatory and non-immunogenic properties. In this book, the authors present current research in the study of the synthesis, properties and applications of hydroxyapatites. Topics discussed include nanodimensional and nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite and other calcium orthophosphates; application of biomimetic nanocrystalline apatites in drug delivery and tissue engineering; polymer matrix mediated synthesis of nano hydroxyapatite crystals; osteointegration of titanium porous implants with carbon nanocoating and hydroxyapatite particles into the pores; hydroxyapatite thin film prepared by sputtering technique for medical applications; and hydroxyapatite application in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery.