Make Life Visible


Book Description

This open access book describes marked advances in imaging technology that have enabled the visualization of phenomena in ways formerly believed to be completelyimpossible. These technologies have made major contributions to the elucidation of the pathology of diseases as well as to their diagnosis and therapy. The volume presents various studies from molecular imaging to clinical imaging. It also focuses on innovative, creative, advanced research that gives full play to imaging technology inthe broad sense, while exploring cross-disciplinary areas in which individual research fields interact and pursuing the development of new techniques where they fuse together. The book is separated into three parts, the first of which addresses the topic of visualizing and controlling molecules for life. Th e second part is devoted to imaging of disease mechanisms, while the final part comprises studies on the application of imaging technologies to diagnosis and therapy. Th e book contains the proceedings of the 12th Uehara International Symposium 2017, “Make Life Visible” sponsored by the Uehara Memorial Foundation and held from June 12 to 14, 2017. It is written by leading scientists in the field and is an open access publication under a CC BY 4.0 license.




Bioimaging


Book Description

Bioimaging: Imaging by Light and Electromagnetics in Medicine and Biology explores new horizons in biomedical imaging and sensing technologies, from the molecular level to the human brain. It explores the most up-to-date information on new medical imaging techniques, such as the detection and imaging of cancer and brain diseases. This book also provides new tools for brain research and cognitive neurosciences based on new imaging techniques. Edited by Professor Shoogo Ueno, who has been leading the field of biomedical imaging for 40 years, it is an ideal reference book for graduate and undergraduate students and researchers in medicine and medical physics who are looking for an authoritative treatise on this expanding discipline of imaging and sensing in medicine and biology. Features: Provides step-by-step explanations of biochemical and physical principles in biomedical imaging Covers state-of-the art equipment and cutting-edge methodologies used in biomedical imaging Serves a broad spectrum of readers due to the interdisciplinary topic and approach Shoogo Ueno, Ph.D, is a professor emeritus of the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. His research interests include biomedical imaging and bioelectromagnetics, particularly in brain mapping and neuroimaging, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). He was the President of the Bioelectromagnetics Society, BEMS (2003-2004) and the Chairman of the Commission K on Electromagnetics in Biology and Medicine of the International Union of Radio Science, URSI (2000-2003). He was named the IEEE Magnetics Society Distinguished Lecturer during 2010 and received the d’Arsonval Medal from the Bioelectromagnetics Society in 2010.




Advanced Concepts in Fluorescence Sensing


Book Description

Over the last decade, fluorescence has become the dominant tool in biotechnology and medical imaging. These exciting advances have been underpinned by the advances in time-resolved techniques and instrumentation, probe design, chemical / biochemical sensing, coupled with our furthered knowledge in biology. Complementary volumes 9 and 10, Advanced Concepts of Fluorescence Sensing: Small Molecule Sensing and Advanced Concepts of Fluorescence Sensing: Macromolecular Sensing, aim to summarize the current state of the art in fluorescent sensing. For this reason, Drs. Geddes and Lakowicz have invited chapters, encompassing a broad range of fluorescence sensing techniques. Some chapters deal with small molecule sensors, such as for anions, cations, and CO2, while others summarize recent advances in protein-based and macromolecular sensors. The Editors have, however, not included DNA or RNA based sensing in this volume, as this were reviewed in Volume 7 and is to be the subject of a more detailed volume in the near future.




Fluorescence-Guided Surgery


Book Description

This volume is a practical guide of theranostics using intraoperative fluorescence imaging technology, as an all-out effort by the Japanese Society for Fluorescence Guided Surgery. It describes the various approaches the technique is being used such as vascular imaging, identification of lymphatic vessels by intratissue injection, lymph node imaging, and imaging for identification of anatomical structures. The book is organized into three major parts and the first one delivers the basics, introducing the use of the technology in clinical settings and initial setups. Next comes the description of clinical applications where chapters illustrate perfusion assessment, cancer localization, anatomy visualization, and lymph nodes/ducts mapping. Each chapter is devoted to the specific surgical field and disease areas, presenting images and videos of case studies. The last part presents some upcoming techniques for treatments. The Editor and the authors wish the ideas presented here will be hints to bridge the knowledge between surgeons and basic researchers for further innovation and practicality. It is important to stay up-to-date since intraoperative fluorescence imaging has been applied to clinical settings in various surgical fields and at the same time, novel techniques improving the efficacy of the technology have also been developed actively. Fluorescence-Guided Surgery – From Lab to Operation Room is recommended for surgeons, operating nurses, medical experts, basic researchers and, industry engineers worldwide beyond boundaries of specialties. Edited and written by experts of The Japanese Society for Fluorescence-Guided Surgery, those who are the founders of the technology, it describes the accurate development history and cutting-edge techniques based on the knowledge accumulated over the years. ​




Carbon Nanotubes


Book Description

Carbon Nanotubes are among the strongest, toughest, and most stiff materials found on earth. Moreover, they have remarkable electrical and thermal properties, which make them suitable for many applications including nanocomposites, electronics, and chemical detection devices. This book is the effort of many scientists and researchers all over the world to bring an anthology of recent developments in the field of nanotechnology and more specifically CNTs. In this book you will find: - Recent developments in the growth of CNTs- Methods to modify the surfaces of CNTs and decorate their surfaces for specific applications- Applications of CNTs in biocomposites such as in orthopedic bone cement- Application of CNTs as chemical sensors- CNTs for fuelcells- Health related issues when using CNTs




Nano-Bio Probe Design and Its Application for Biochemical Analysis


Book Description

In this volume, Prof. Ye and his coworkers propose and review the concept of nano-bio probe design for biochemical analysis on the basis of their recent published works. A unique biochemical analysis technology based on fluorescence polarization enhanced by nanoparticles is described here with successful applications in environmental monitoring, rapid and sensitive sensing protease activity and high-throughput screening of inhibitors. Furthermore, they introduce a versatile molecular beacon (MB)-like probe for the multiplex sensing of targets such as sequence-specific DNA, protein, metal ions and small molecule compounds based on the self-assembled biomolecule-graphene conjugates. Besides, some colorimetric and luminescence probes utilizing metal nanoparticles for biochemical applications are also presented, such as chiral enantiomer discrimination and separation, environmental monitoring, clinic diagnosis and etc.




Molecular Imaging Probes For Cancer Research


Book Description

This review volume integrates the advances in cancer biology, molecular imaging techniques and imaging probes for visualization and quantitative measurement of anatomical, functional, and molecular profiles of cancer. The volume also presents a comprehensive summary of the state-of-the-art technology in molecular imaging probe design and applications in radionuclide (PET and SPECT), magnetic resonance (MR), optical (fluorescence, Raman, photoacoustic), ultrasound, CT, and multimodality imaging. Bringing together the fundamentals of molecular imaging, and the basic principles of each molecular imaging modality in this volume, readers' understanding in this field is further enhanced. With a strong emphasis on the chemistry of the design of appropriate molecular imaging probes for early cancer detection, therapy-response monitoring, and anti-cancer drug development, the process of translating novel cancer imaging probes from bench to bedside is extensively discussed.




Fluorescent Energy Transfer Nucleic Acid Probes


Book Description

Fluorescent nucleic acid probes, which use energy transfer, include such constructs as molecular beacons, molecular break lights, Scorpion primers, TaqMan probes, and others. These probes signal detection of their targets by changing either the intensity or the color of their fluorescence. Not surpr- ingly, these luminous, multicolored probes carry more flashy names than their counterparts in the other fields of molecular biology. In recent years, fluor- cent probes and assays, which make use of energy transfer, have multiplied at a high rate and have found numerous applications. However, in spite of this explosive growth in the field, there are no manuals summarizing different p- tocols and fluorescent probe designs. In view of this, the main objective of Fluorescent Energy Transfer Nucleic Acid Probes: Designs and Protocols is to provide such a collection. Oligonucleotides with one or several chromophore tags can form fluor- cent probes capable of energy transfer. Energy transport within the probe can occur via the resonance energy transfer mechanism, also called Förster tra- fer, or by non-Förster transfer mechanisms. Although the probes using Förster transfer were developed and used first, the later non-Förster-based probes, such as molecular beacons, now represent an attractive and widely used option. The term “fluorescent energy transfer probes” in the title of this book covers both Förster-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes and probes using non-FRET mechanisms. Energy transfer probes serve as molecule-size sensors, changing their fluorescence upon detection of various DNA reactions.




Drug Discovery and Development - E-Book


Book Description

The modern pharmacopeia has enormous power to alleviate disease, and owes its existence almost entirely to the work of the pharmaceutical industry. This book provides an introduction to the way the industry goes about the discovery and development of new drugs. The first part gives a brief historical account from its origins in the mediaeval apothecaries' trade, and discusses the changing understanding of what we mean by disease, and what therapy aims to achieve, as well as summarising case histories of the discovery and development of some important drugs. The second part focuses on the science and technology involved in the discovery process: the stages by which a promising new chemical entity is identified, from the starting point of a medical need and an idea for addressing it. A chapter on biopharmaceuticals, whose discovery and development tend to follow routes somewhat different from synthetic compounds, is included here, as well as accounts of patent issues that arise in the discovery phase, and a chapter on research management in this environment. The third section of the book deals with drug development: the work that has to be undertaken to turn the drug candidate that emerges from the discovery process into a product on the market. - The definitive introduction to how a pharmaceutical company goes about its business of discovering and developing drugs. The second edition has a new editor: Professor Raymond Hill ● non-executive director of Addex Pharmaceuticals, Covagen and of Orexo AB ● Visiting Industrial Professor of Pharmacology in the University of Bristol ● Visiting Professor in the School of Medical and Health Sciences at the University of Surrey ● Visiting Professor in Physiology and Pharmacology at the University of Strathclyde ● President and Chair of the Council of the British Pharmacological Society ● member of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics and the Advisory Council on Misuse of Drugs. New to this edition: - Completely rewritten chapter on The Role of Medicinal Chemistry in the Drug Discovery Process. - New topic - DMPK Optimization Strategy in drug discovery. - New chapter on Scaffolds: Small globular proteins as antibody substitutes. - Totally updated chapters on Intellectual Property and Marketing - 50 new illustrations in full colour Features - Accessible, general guide to pharmaceutical research and development. - Examines the interfaces between cost and social benefit, quality control and mass production, regulatory bodies, patent management, and all interdisciplinary intersections essential to effective drug development. - Written by a strong team of scientists with long experience in the pharmaceutical industry. - Solid overview of all the steps from lab bench to market in an easy-to-understand way which will be accessible to non-specialists. From customer reviews of the previous edition: '... it will have everything you need to know on this module. Deeply referenced and, thus, deeply reliable. - Highly Commended in the medicine category of the BMA 2006 medical book competition - Winner of the Royal Society of Medicine Library Prize for Medical Book of the Year




New Trends in Fluorescence Spectroscopy


Book Description

This first volume in the new Springer Series on Fluorescence brings together fundamental and applied research from this highly interdisciplinary and field, ranging from chemistry and physics to biology and medicine. Special attention is given to supramolecular systems, sensor applications, confocal microscopy and protein-protein interactions. This carefully edited collection of articles is an invaluable tool for practitioners and novices.