Fluid Dynamics and Transport of Droplets and Sprays


Book Description

This book discusses the theoretical foundations of spray and droplet applications relevant to the technology for active control of sprays applied to new products and applications, improved product performance, cost reductions, and improved environmental outcomes. It also covers theory related to power and propulsion; materials processing and manufacturing technologies including droplet-based net form processing, coating, and painting; medication; pesticides and insecticides; and other consumer uses.







Experiments and Numerical Simulations of Turbulent Combustion of Diluted Sprays


Book Description

This book reflects the results of the 2nd and 3rd International Workshops on Turbulent Spray Combustion. The focus is on progress in experiments and numerical simulations for two-phase flows, with emphasis on spray combustion. Knowledge of the dominant phenomena and their interactions allows development of predictive models and their use in combustor and gas turbine design. Experts and young researchers present the state-of-the-art results, report on the latest developments and exchange ideas in the areas of experiments, modelling and simulation of reactive multiphase flows. The first chapter reflects on flame structure, auto-ignition and atomization with reference to well-characterized burners, to be implemented by modellers with relative ease. The second chapter presents an overview of first simulation results on target test cases, developed at the occasion of the 1st International Workshop on Turbulent Spray Combustion. In the third chapter, evaporation rate modelling aspects are covered, while the fourth chapter deals with evaporation effects in the context of flamelet models. In chapter five, LES simulation results are discussed for variable fuel and mass loading. The final chapter discusses PDF modelling of turbulent spray combustion. In short, the contributions in this book are highly valuable for the research community in this field, providing in-depth insight into some of the many aspects of dilute turbulent spray combustion.




Multiphase Flows with Droplets and Particles, Third Edition


Book Description

Multiphase Flows with Droplets and Particles provides an organized, pedagogical study of multiphase flows with particles and droplets. This revised edition presents new information on particle interactions, particle collisions, thermophoresis and Brownian movement, computational techniques and codes, and the treatment of irregularly shaped particles. An entire chapter is devoted to the flow of nanoparticles and applications of nanofluids. Features Discusses the modelling and analysis of nanoparticles. Covers all fundamental aspects of particle and droplet flows. Includes heat and mass transfer processes. Features new and updated sections throughout the text. Includes chapter exercises and a Solutions Manual for adopting instructors. Designed to complement a graduate course in multiphase flows, the book can also serve as a supplement in short courses for engineers or as a stand-alone reference for engineers and scientists who work in this area.







Droplets and Sprays: Simple Models of Complex Processes


Book Description

This book acts as a guide to simple models that describe some of the complex fluid dynamics, heat/mass transfer and combustion processes in droplets and sprays. Attention is focused mainly on the use of classical hydrodynamics, and a combination of kinetic and hydrodynamic models, to analyse the heating and evaporation of mono- and multi-component droplets. The models were developed for cases when small and large numbers of components are present in droplets. Some of these models are used for the prediction of time to puffing/micro-explosion of composite water/fuel droplets — processes that are widely used in combustion devices to stimulate disintegration of relatively large droplets into smaller ones. The predictions of numerical codes based on these models are validated against experimental results where possible. In most of the models, droplets are assumed to be spherical; some preliminary results of the generalisation of these models to the case of non-spherical droplets, approximating them as spheroids, are presented.







Droplet Dynamics Under Extreme Ambient Conditions


Book Description

This open access book presents the main results of the Collaborative Research Center SFB-TRR 75, which spanned the period from 2010 to 2022. Scientists from a variety of disciplines, ranging from thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and electrical engineering to chemistry, mathematics, computer science, and visualization, worked together toward the overarching goal of SFB-TRR 75, to gain a deep physical understanding of fundamental droplet processes, especially those that occur under extreme ambient conditions. These are, for example, near critical thermodynamic conditions, processes at very low temperatures, under the influence of strong electric fields, or in situations with extreme gradients of boundary conditions. The fundamental understanding is a prerequisite for the prediction and optimisation of engineering systems with droplets and sprays, as well as for the prediction of droplet-related phenomena in nature. The book includes results from experimental investigations as well as new analytical and numerical descriptions on different spatial and temporal scales. The contents of the book have been organised according to methodological fundamentals, phenomena associated with free single drops, drop clusters and sprays, and drop and spray phenomena involving wall interactions.